Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics最新文献

{"title":"Eggshell Waste Generation and Management Practices in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Ismail M","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000198","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates eggshell waste generation and management practices in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria. Data were collected from various wards to determine the eggshell generation rate and examine waste management practices. Results show a high eggshell waste generation rate, particularly in urban wards with dense food vendor populations. The annual eggshell waste generation rate in Kaduna Metropolis was found to be 32,667.08 kg. Majority of eggshell waste generated end up in open dumpsite (85.4%) which reflects a poor eggshell waste management practice, the waste management practice in Kaduna metropolis is generally not satisfactory due to lack of consistency and poor awareness of its negative impact, as well inadequate waste collection and transportation. Most waste is disposed of in open dumpsites, indicating poor waste management practices. Lack of awareness and poor literacy levels contribute to ineffective waste management. Increased awareness and exploitation of the energy potentials of eggshell waste is needed to encourage better eggshell waste management.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"138 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Software Engineering: A Scientific Index of Leading Researchers","authors":"Tin Hhk","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000192","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapidly developing realm of Software Engineering, the identification and recognition of pioneering researchers play a crucial role in fostering innovation, collaboration, and knowledge dissemination. This research paper introduces a novel approach to address the challenge of pinpointing influential experts within this dynamic field. Drawing inspiration from the concept of scientific indices, we present a comprehensive researcher index meticulously crafted to quantify the impact and influence of Software Engineering researchers. By employing a refined methodology that amalgamates citation metrics, publication records, and expert affiliations, this index establishes a navigational framework for researchers, practitioners, and students. The target researcher index website is \"Adscientific index,\" a platform designed to collect researcher data from different countries, ensuring a global perspective. We explore the construction of this scientific index, detailing the metrics employed and the algorithms devised for ranking. The implications of this index are vast, offering a structured platform for collaboration, research focus alignment, and community engagement. As the Software Engineering discipline advances, this index serves as a foundation for recognizing the luminaries who illuminate the path forward, empowering all stakeholders to navigate the field with clarity and purpose. This research proposed researcher index combines established citation metrics, publication records, and expert affiliations to holistically evaluate a researcher's contributions, providing a data-driven perspective on their influence.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Analysis of Water Quality of Two Rivers Ganges and Yamuna","authors":"Gupta A","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000191","url":null,"abstract":"Water is very essential for life existence. About 71% of earth’s surface is occupied by water making it a blue planet. The 97% of the ocean water can’t be used as it has high salt concentration, some is frozen in glaciers/ polar ice caps. Even the distribution of water on earth is uneven at some places there is flood and others drought. Human activities have interfered in the natural renewal of groundwater resulting in water shortage and availability for consumption. The degradable and nonbiodegradable wastes which are discharged openly in water bodies pose severe threat to aquatic life. The article presents a study on on quarterly changes in water parameters including temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, free carbon dioxide, alkalinity, conductance, total dissolved solids, hardness, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, dissolved organic matter, BOD in the water of river Ganges and Yamuna. The results showed rising trend in the levels of these parameters over the years. The results show increase in levels of CO2 , hardness, total dissolved solid, pH and BOD during the months of April to September. The levels of nitrate and phosphate were detected in trace amounts. The chloride level of Yamuna was high as compared to that of Ganges. The drop in alkalinity during monsoon months may be due to increased dilution and disappearance of CO2 . The studies made in water of river Ganges and Yamuna has shown that the river is under severe threat of pollution due to the discharge of untreated or semi treated sewage and industrial effluents.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compost Production for Soil Nutrition","authors":"Fawzy Zf","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000173","url":null,"abstract":"One of the biggest problems fans face is maintaining soil fertility. The constant use of chemical fertilizers is also harmful. Therefore, a supplemental dose of compost is necessary to improve soil fertility. Organic fertilizers like compost make better use of all farm and animal waste and convert nutrients into an easily available form, increasing soil fertility. Compost is the product of an aerobic process during which microorganisms break down organic matter into a stable amendment to improve soil quality and fertility. During the composting process, microorganisms use organic matter as a food source, and produce heat, carbon dioxide, water vapor and humus as a result of their vigorous growth and activity. When applied to and mixed in soil, humus can promote good soil structure, improve water and nutrient holding capacity, and help control erosion. Humus makes up approximately 60 per cent of the final compost.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123375982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Destiny of “Refuse” in a Impure Society","authors":"D. S.","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000172","url":null,"abstract":"We want to be even too angelis: our city wants to get rid of odors, bad or good ones in every way possible…dirty is politics: politics is shame, but the degree of shame varies from culture to culture, from one historical moment to another. An objective condition however, is the existence of the need to dispose waste and this is why I believe it is a reality we need to accept and take advantage of, not to battle against and see as a shame and, therefore, need to “hide”. According to Godard, history today is contained in the history of cinema and the rest exists in the images we have. Our eyes are compelled to see through lenses of those that have already taken the picture, filmed, documented. In effect, I have no choice: form and direction are already embedded in the territory, and my task is only to reveal them, by building little by little the inner structure: the rhythm, the melody and harmony, the out of key places, subjected to my study. I find myself in the conditions of the founders when they had to domesticate an uninhabited place or a place inhabited before. A territory, for those who have just arrived is actually caos, a land that has to be acknowledged for its power, and to work with it by looking for it or avoiding it, strenghtening it or weakening it. Cities are scattered by buidings that do not belong to us, shored up by questionable, ambiguous, insignificant, indifferent architectures.Consider in this case the different incinerators, the fenced in places for waste disposal waiting to be treated to later reach other contexts, other dumps and consider all those spaces that interest the theme, object of this study. The environment is just not a figure. In it there are objective physical conditions and proportions of hygeine, climate, and of pollution. What do we feel in observing the magma of waste invading the earth sometimes in a respectful way, controlled, and sometimes completely free imposing without respect? The landscape continuously modifies to accomodate disposal and collection of waste but how aware are we that it’s a reality that will always accompany our life and how much are we willing to accept it and see it as an opportunity to plan and not as a problem to battle? In particular, this article is part of a more integrated study on the subject of waste, which has now descripted through the eyes of artists who have looked for the material, the feeling… of their works in the waste.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"33 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133783245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ex-situ Conservation: A Source of Revenue Generation and Visitors’ Attraction (A Study from Central Zoo, Lalitpur, Nepal)","authors":"Mandal Ra","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000175","url":null,"abstract":"The Zoo is famous example of ex-situ conservation. Central Zoo is only one Zoo of Nepal having high potentiality of ecotourism but the study regarding this is very limited. Thus, this research was objectively done to assess the trend of visitor in Central Zoo from 2009 to 2019 and revenue generation, visitor’s perception about the features in the Zoo. Total 108 visitors were interviewed to collect primary data to know their perception about features and facility in the Zoo. Among this, it was about 56.48% male and 43.52% female visitor. The secondary data were collected from published and unpublished report and documents of Central Zoo. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Rating analysis was also done to know perception of visitors about different features and their satisfaction about the available facility. The highest record of visitors was 1,154,436 in 2018/2019 which was more in comparison to 1,063,217 in fiscal year 2009/2008. The highest number of visitors were Nepali Adult that was 6, 73,323 followed by Nepali Children with 2,156,352 and Nepali students and other with 1,414,961 from 2009 to 2019. The maximum revenue generated from visitors was US$124, 09, 32 in 2018/2019 while this was the lowest about US$ 5, 66,502 in 2009/2010. Similarly, most satisfied facility was sanitation of the toilet with mean score 6.5. The visitors choose the information was easily accessible in the Zoo as most important item with 6.4 score. The estimated highest coefficient of variance of revenue generation from Zoo was same 2.17 (inconsistency) in 2017/2018 but it was lowest 1.45 (consistency) in 2009/2010 which showed the variation of monthly flow of visitors. This study helps to improve the important feature of the Zoo’s such as signpost around the entrance, animals view point, and animal shelter and provision of the guide for visitors and ease of car parking and possible implication for Zoo management are discussed.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134243157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution, Waste, and the New CE-CBE Integrative Recycling Paradigm in the Knowledge Based Society/Economy","authors":"Popvasilev Ig","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000174","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is focused on the anthropic and natural (mattergic and bioeconomic) recycling process of the pollutant products with the possibility to reintroduce in the technological flow a major quantity of the matter with a very low level of energy used with a top level of the informaction (actional information). Is introduced the contextual (2+2)Rs paradigm (reduce, recycle & reuse, recombine-recover) connected to the ENSEC, envinronmental-sociopolitic-economic paradigm of the knowledge based society/economy (KBS/E). The perspective of such a pattern is an optimistic one; so, preserving mattergic resources, even energetic, with a larger contribution of the smart components and technics of the recycling process, we could overcome the contextual thresholds of a future bioeconomy. This represents a new perspective of the recycling process and is considered an important oportunity for the global economy facing the current crisis. In order to have a comprehensive vision of the pollution and waste issue, we are puting together in this paper, in a synergistic-generative significant way (synergy 1+1>2, and significance 1-1≠0), three conceptual and analytical knowledge-spaces: transdisciplinarity as a methodology, globalization vs glocalization as a reality, and sustainable development as a necessity. The linear thermo economic recycling model is compared with the nonlinear, simply circular economic one, in the bio economic context, giving a comprehensive description of what does circular bio economic recycling pattern really means.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125893151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Tree Height, Crown Diameter, Volume and Carbon in Response to Diameter at Breast Height of Schima wallichii and Catanopsis indica: A Study from Midhills, Nepal","authors":"Mandal Ra","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000176","url":null,"abstract":"The study regarding correlation between diameter at breast height (DBH) and other variables like height, crown diameter, volume and carbon of the tree species of Schima wallichii and Castonopsis indica was not done yet. Thus, this research was objectively carried out to assess the correlation between DBH and different parameters particularly height, crown diameter, volume and carbon stock. The study was centered on the mid hill region where natural Schima-Castonopsis forest is abundantly found. Total 360 nested sample plots were established having 12.62 m radius for tree, 5.58 m radius for pole, 2.78 m radius for Sapling, 1.76 m radius for seedling measurement. The DBH and height were measured of these tree species in the plots. Collected data was analyzed using Pearson correlation to show the relation of different characteristics of tree and equations were examined using ANOVA and t-test. The descriptive statistics mean ± standard error (SE) of DBH was 28.65±1.25 cm, standard deviation was 19.682, minimum value was 5.2 and maximum value was 161.5 of Castonopsis indica. Similarly, mean±standard error of DBH was 22±0.96 cm, standard deviation 10.254, minimum value was 5.5 and maximum value was 54.3 of Schima wallichii. Moreover, there was positive and strong correlation between DBH and height of Castonospsis Indica with R square value 0.71 and the equation was Y=7.1075ln(X)-9.4467 whereas, Y is the height of the tree and X is DBH. This correlation between DBH and height of Schima wallichii also showed positive and strong with R square value 0.81 and the equation was Y=7.9982ln(X)-11.277. Same correlation was found between DBH and crown diameter of Castanopsis Indica having equation Y=3.4335ln(X)-6.8637 whereas Y is the crown diameter of the tree and X is DBH. Moreover, similar correlation between DBH and volume was also found. Statistically, ANOVA and t-test showed that there was significant correlation between DBH and tree characteristics like height, crown diameter and volume at 95% confidence level. This research will be useful for the decision maker and scientific community to assess the volume and carbon measuring single variable i.e. only DBH.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132083381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the Level of Heavy Metals and Physico-Chemical Parameters of Bamo River in Goba Administrative Town, Southeastern, Ethiopia","authors":"Haile Mz","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000171","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of heavy metals in water bodies can pose serious environmental problems to the surrounding areas as well as serious health problems in people that use it for drinking purposes and domestic activities. The main aim of this study is to determine the levels of selected heavy metals and physiochemical parameters in Bamo river water of Goba district of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Three samples collected from Bamo River were analyzed using FAAS and Palin test photometer. Generally, the physicochemical parameters such as temperature, TDS, EC, and TH were measured on site. While pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), total hardness, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, K, and Cu were analyzed in the laboratory. All the samples were analyzed for seven heavy metals (Zn, Fe Cu, Pb Ni, Cr and Mn). The mean concentrations (in mg/L) of studied heavy metals were found to be in the range: Zn (0.330- 0.274), Cu (0.56-0.44), Pb (0.009-0.057), Ni (2,93- 3.58), Cr (0.179-0.294) and Mn (0.012-1.011). Comparison of the results for the studied heavy metals with international standard revealed that the concentrations of (Pb, Cr, and Ni) in water samples were slightly higher than the maximum permissible limits recommended by WHO, USEPA and EU. Therefore, the river water consumed by the rural and urban population of the district and their neighbors could potentially be exposed to the health risks of levels of these heavy metals. Therefore, the researcher recommends that the river of target area should be treated before using for drinking and domestic purpose.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127623484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depredation of Crop Caused By Monkeys nearby ShivapuriNagarjun National Park, Kathmandu, Nepal","authors":"Mandal Ra","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000170","url":null,"abstract":"Macaca mulatta, and Macaca assamensis are common monkeys in Nepal. The Macaca assamensis was categorized as ‘Vulnerable’ under IUCN Red List. The habitat of the monkey was disturbed because of human interference and hence the consequence is frequent damage of human’s properties. However, there was limited study regarding the crop damage caused by monkeys in Nepal. Therefore, this study was objectively conducted to assess the damages and their spatial distribution caused by Monkeys nearby Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park and also find the causes of interface between humans and Monkey. Four sites were visited and 120 house hold survey was done to collect the primary data. The GPS coordinates of the spatial distribution of damages were recorded. Secondary information about the damages was collected from 2019 to 2022. Descriptive and statistical analysis like trend analysis, principle component analysis and mapping of distribution of damages was done. The result showed that, the highest damage of the maize at Nayagaun, Thulogaun with 650 Kg while this was the lowest around 280 Kg. Similarly, the highest maize damage at Naagarjun, Gufagairi, Sarung danda was 400 Kg while the highest record of crop damage at Raniban, Ichangu Narayan was 190 Kg. The distribution map showed that there were 12 locations of maize damage over 450 kg at Nayagaun, Thulogaun. Similarly, the map of Goldhunga showed 17 places having medium damage (120-350 kg), 28 places of low damage (50-120 kg) while the 5 places of very low damage (<50 kg). The principle component analysis showed the causes of interface between humans and monkeys. The use of catapult in Nayagaun, Thulogaun, shout and charge threat in Naagarjun, Gufagairi, Sarung danda and in Raniban, Ichangu Narayan were the most influencing factors of this interface. This research will be useful for scientific community and policy maker.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management &amp; Xenobiotics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124055958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}