Eggshell Waste Generation and Management Practices in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigates eggshell waste generation and management practices in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria. Data were collected from various wards to determine the eggshell generation rate and examine waste management practices. Results show a high eggshell waste generation rate, particularly in urban wards with dense food vendor populations. The annual eggshell waste generation rate in Kaduna Metropolis was found to be 32,667.08 kg. Majority of eggshell waste generated end up in open dumpsite (85.4%) which reflects a poor eggshell waste management practice, the waste management practice in Kaduna metropolis is generally not satisfactory due to lack of consistency and poor awareness of its negative impact, as well inadequate waste collection and transportation. Most waste is disposed of in open dumpsites, indicating poor waste management practices. Lack of awareness and poor literacy levels contribute to ineffective waste management. Increased awareness and exploitation of the energy potentials of eggshell waste is needed to encourage better eggshell waste management.