Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics最新文献

{"title":"Waste as a Metaphor: Contextualism of a Human and Social Risks. Toward a Sociology of Wastes","authors":"Federici R","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000134","url":null,"abstract":"The complex frame of interpretation that arises from waste production as a cultural problem is here observed as a social fact and as a metaphor. Waste constitutes a real world, complex and symmetrical to that of consumptions: a world which, behind the mirror in which the consumer civilization loves to reflects and become aware of it, gives us back the truest nature of the risks that populate our daily lives.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128820416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Model to Predict the Yield of the Pyrolysis Products of Kraft Lignin Based on Lumped Approach","authors":"S. Elshokary","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000127","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a comprehensive model based on the lumping approach to quantit ively predict the products of the pyrolysis of kraft lignin. The yield of the primary pyrolysis products - biochar, bio - oil, and biogas - that are produced from the thermal decomposition of the lignin network are estimated. Different pyrolysis conditions and r aw material characteristics are considered . The impacts of the particle size of the raw material, pyrolysis heating rate, and reaction residence time are taken into the investigation. The comparison of the predicted results using the developed model agains t the experimental data showed the high capability of the presented models to predict the biochar, bio - oil, and biogas yield under the examined conditions.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122951237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Provisioning Services in Betana Wetland Area, Belbari, Morang, Nepal","authors":"Mandal Ra","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000148","url":null,"abstract":"The ecosystem services from the wetlands offer economic opportunities for beneficiaries as well as generate revenue that in turn be used for conservation of the wetlands but the research regarding this is very limited in Nepal. Thus, this research was objectively conducted to assess the value of provisioning ecosystem services in and around Betana wetland, Nepal. The primary data were collected organizing questionnaire survey with 65 beneficiary households, key informant interviews with 11 key experts, and direct observations in January 2020; whereas the secondary data were collected from the published and unpublished documents related to the wetland. Statistically, descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze the collected data so, Friedmen test, Likert scale, multi-regression analysis, correlation analysis were performed. The result showed that, there are 6 major provisioning services of the Betana wetland, namely; (a) water for irrigation, (b) fish farming, (c) water for others purpose (domestic & livestock’s), (d) fodder, (e) wild food and (f ) medicinal plants. Amongst these services, the estimated highest rank was 4.8 of the water use for irrigation. It was found that a total 1121 households were using the Betana wetland to irrigate about 219 ha of land and farming the crops like maize, rice, wheat etc. The monetary value of these crops was approximately US$ 223,958.33 based on hedonic pricing. The second highest rank was 4.52 of fish farming and its monetary value was about US$ 100,000. Especially, the farmers keep Silver Carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ), Bighead Carp ( Aristichthys nobilis ) and Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) in and around the wetland. The other services used by local people were (a) wild vegetable and mushroom (about 723 households); (b) livestock farming (it’s worth approximately US $ 137,766; (c) grass and fodder (which monetary value worth about US $ 3,571.16). Statically, the correlation was evaluated between willingness to pay for the services and social variables. It revealed that the age group of the respondents showed the highest correlation between these services with R 2 (0.725) and followed by the household income having R 2 value 0.678 at 95% confidence level (P=0.022). This research, therefore, concluded that the provisional ecological services of the Betana wetland are useful source to uplift the economic condition of beneficiaries and hence this will be an important insight for the policy makers and authorities working in wetland conservation.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121094033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Technology: An Ultimate Solution for Solid Waste Management","authors":"K. M","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000159","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of the population is related to urbanization, development, and industrialization. There found a strong correlation between population, industrialization, and waste production. The famous thermodynamics laws offer insights into the technological/marketing impact on waste production and energy conversion processes. The conventional methods such as land filling, combustion, gasification, incineration, etc. not enough to manage such a huge volume of waste. The non-segregation tendency, consumerism nature makes this waste management work problematic. The paper studies the natural efficiency in the waste management system and also the inability of traditional technology's to handle rapidly increasing waste volume. The plasma-based waste technology is similar to the natural waste management cycle, but with high volume capacity in a short duration. This also has a scope of waste to energy (WtE) conversion. Though plasma has high installation and maintenance costs, revenue generation from byproducts like syngas and slag will create it financially viable.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116039156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xenobiotics: The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the Evolutionary Development of Human","authors":"V. A","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000153","url":null,"abstract":"The importance and role of xenobiotics involved in the development of the microbiota is a determining factor in the evolutionary development of mammals, the entire animal and plant world. This is confirmed by the emergence of new and emerging infectious agents. The gut microbiome (normal microflora) plays a decisive role in maintaining normal physiological \"immune and hormonal\" processes in the human body and is an \"ambulance\" or a kind of \"adaptogen\" that restores the natural course of positive evolution of living organisms when exposed to adverse environmental factors. Biological, chemical, physical and other factors adversely affecting the microbiome can lead to numerous medical problems, including the appearance of multiple endo- and exogenous infectious pathogens (bacterial, viral, parasitic, fungal diseases), as well as somatic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, autoimmune and oncological diseases, as well as disorders of the central nervous system. This report attempts to open up the natural mechanisms involved in the formation of new types of pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, in order to use biological laws for medical purposes. Currently, the opposite happens, eliminating medical problems, a person negatively affects the process of his improvement, turning Homo Sapiens into Homo Degradatum, while including the whole plant and animal world in this negative process.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132369099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research, Mapping and Subsequent Control of Waste in Water Bodies","authors":"Nikolay Td","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000162","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, there has been a sharp increase in waste that pollutes the environment. The largest share in them is nondegradable plastic waste. Most of them are located in the water bodies of the continents or in the ocean. Mankind faces the challenge of saving the world or destroying it. Only this year in Bulgaria along the rivers Iskar, Mesta, Danube, Yantra and others was observed accumulation of huge amounts of household and plastic waste. It was even necessary to organize the raking and transportation of these floating masses to the legal landfills. These events prompted the representatives of the Curious Club to propose the creation of a prototype, which on its own floating on water bodies to capture the state of the environment, the presence of unregulated landfills and waste, as well as the discharge of wastewater from illegal sewers. This device will collect and transmit information that club members will map and systematize. We are also proposing the introduction of a method imposed last year in Australia for the use of wastewater netting. We will also use our knowledge after the equipment of the astronomical club both for monitoring space debris and for the growing areas of floating islands of plastic waste in the world's oceans. Technologies that are innovative and have a future to solve these global problems are used. These things can be solved with our enthusiasm and financial support of economic entities interested in the cleanliness of the environment.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133136954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Vermicomposted Fly Ash as an Important Component for Integrated Nutrient Management of Potato","authors":"Chattopadhyay Gn","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000144","url":null,"abstract":"Large scale generation of fly ash (FA) from varying kinds of coal fired plants has now emerged as a global environmental threat. To combat the situation, various possibilities of recycling this waste material are being explored. In view of appreciable occurrence of most of the plant nutrients in FA, the possibility of recycling this waste material in agriculture as a source of these nutrients is being envisaged in many countries. However, the major problem associated with supply of plant nutrients through FA is the low bio-availability of most of the nutrients in this material. Under this context, adoption of vermicomposting biotechnology for simultaneous degradation of different organic wastes and FA with the help of some special purpose earthworms is being recommended by a group of workers. Vermicomposting helps in accelerated degradation of various kinds of wastes with the help of gut microorganisms of these earthworms. In view of the encouraging results from various studies on beneficial effects of vermicomposted fly ash (VFA) on soil properties a field study was carried out to assess the potential of VFA as a component of integrated nutrient management for potato cultivation. The on-farm trial revealed the efficiency of VFA in increasing the yield of potato under such nutrient management and the results were comparable to those with farm yard manure and vermicompost.","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114597421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction for Enhancing Reducing Sugar of Water Hyacinth pretreatment before Organic Fertilizer Production at Klong Yong Community in Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand","authors":"Hendri R","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000163","url":null,"abstract":"Water hyacinth is an aquatic plant that has emerged as a major invasive weed and high reproduction rate at Soi Bon canal in Klong Yong, Phutthamonthon, Thailand as a lignocellulosic plant material, it can be made into an organic fertilizer at 60-90 days. Microwave-assisted extraction was to investigate the effect of different solvents concentration, various sizes of material and the optimization model for hydrolyzed cellulose and hemicellulose from lignin structure disruption of water hyacinth. The result showed that calcium hydroxide solvent was the best solvent for total reducing sugar extraction from water hyacinth with size as 3-5 cm. Box-Behnken design was conducted for microwave-assisted pretreatment at 450 watts with using three parameters; the solid to liquid ratios as 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20 with volume of liquid at 30 ml, extraction times of 20, 30, and 40 minutes, and calcium hydroxide solvent at various concentrations as 0.1, 0.55, and 1 %wt. The optimum conditions of total reducing sugar from water hyacinth solution were 54 mg/g at the solid to liquid ratio as 1:10, concentration of calcium hydroxide at 0.55 %wt, and 30 minutes of extraction time. Microwave-assisted pretreatment was an alternative of organic fertilizer production at shorter times for fermentation","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125908852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling of Electric and Electronic Wastes Nowadays","authors":"M. N","doi":"10.23880/oajwx-16000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":176565,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121897929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}