Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction for Enhancing Reducing Sugar of Water Hyacinth pretreatment before Organic Fertilizer Production at Klong Yong Community in Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand

Water hyacinth is an aquatic plant that has emerged as a major invasive weed and high reproduction rate at Soi Bon canal in Klong Yong, Phutthamonthon, Thailand as a lignocellulosic plant material, it can be made into an organic fertilizer at 60-90 days. Microwave-assisted extraction was to investigate the effect of different solvents concentration, various sizes of material and the optimization model for hydrolyzed cellulose and hemicellulose from lignin structure disruption of water hyacinth. The result showed that calcium hydroxide solvent was the best solvent for total reducing sugar extraction from water hyacinth with size as 3-5 cm. Box-Behnken design was conducted for microwave-assisted pretreatment at 450 watts with using three parameters; the solid to liquid ratios as 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20 with volume of liquid at 30 ml, extraction times of 20, 30, and 40 minutes, and calcium hydroxide solvent at various concentrations as 0.1, 0.55, and 1 %wt. The optimum conditions of total reducing sugar from water hyacinth solution were 54 mg/g at the solid to liquid ratio as 1:10, concentration of calcium hydroxide at 0.55 %wt, and 30 minutes of extraction time. Microwave-assisted pretreatment was an alternative of organic fertilizer production at shorter times for fermentation