Economy in the industry最新文献

{"title":"Practical method of risk assessment in the energy sector under uncertainty","authors":"T. B. Malkova, A. V. Malkov","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-63-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-63-69","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents a methodology for assessing financial risks using projects AMI implementation and ASCOTE in the face of uncertainty. An example of an evaluation of a real project for the implementation of ASUE and ASCUTE systems is presented. The main problems of implementation of this project are considered. In modern conditions of business operation, the decisionmaking process is based only on the experience and intuition of experts is currently not effective. We must use modern information technologies, which have already received the generic name «decision support systems for management decisions». Taking into account the weak formalization of such tasks, it is necessary to apply methods of system analysis with the involvement of expert assessment technology, both at the initial and final stages of obtaining and choosing the most rational alternatives to management decisions. The tasks of improving the accuracy and efficiency of measurement of electrical and thermal energy, power in electrical networks, the amount of thermal energy in thermal networks are due to the following main reasons: firstly, a significant increase in the cost of electrical and thermal energy, secondly, the reforms carried out in the energy sector of the Russian Federation, thirdly, the fair billing. The research is devoted to the analysis and assessment of the priority of ASUE and ASCUTE functions. The Association of risk subsystems and functions in a single multi-level system. Based on the analysis of binary relations, an integrated model of the risk-function system in the form of a hierarchical tree structure is obtained. Applied the method of paired comparisons in the assessment of risk hierarchies that affect the effectiveness of the projects. The paper presents approaches to solving problems related to organizational and technical reengineering of production, which is due to the weak structuring of these problems, from the formation of goals to the adoption of technical and managerial decisions.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116776569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the level of the tax burden in the Russian economy and the possibilities to reduce it without reducing tax revenues","authors":"M. M. Sokolov","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-52-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-52-62","url":null,"abstract":"In article on the basis of specific calculations the author shows the level of tax burden of the economy and some manufacturing industries in Russia in comparison with foreign countries. On average, this level is about 1.4–1.8 times higher in Russia compared to most developed countries. In order to reduce the tax burden on the business proposes to modernize tax policy in Russia on two fronts. The first direction involves redistribution of gravity of taxation from legal enties to physical with the introduction of their progressive income tax. The second direction to reduce the tax burden, the author relates an urgent need to modernize the depreciation policy in Russia, which should allow to accelerate the pace of economic growth. This direction in the process of reproduction, the author considers as a manifestation of the «new economy», the characteristic feature of which is the active use of «soft power» aimed at forcing the business to better use its profits on investment.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123377934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of educational levels and qualifications of graduates of higher education institutions","authors":"V. P. Solov'ev, T. A. Pereskokova","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-70-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-70-80","url":null,"abstract":"The article devoted to the changes in the levels of vocational education and the qualifications of graduates of higher education organizations. Simple parameters of graduates of a single-level Soviet higher school in the form of qualifications – the engineer was understandable to consumers and corresponded to the labor qualifications of workers, primarily enterprises. The transition of Russia’s higher education system to a multilevel system led to the establishment of incomprehensible qualifications for employers such as bachelor’s and master’s degrees for university graduates. It is offered to graduates of higher educational institutions, who have mastered the bachelor and master’s programs, to assign not the qualifications, but the academic degrees of bachelor and master. And for the «recognition» of graduates of various universities to give them an annex to the diploma with a list of formed competencies. Presented the stages of changing educational standards, beginning in 1994. Revealed the inconsistency of professional and educational standards regarding the formulation of requirements for the education of workers. The generalized content of the professional standard of a typical production specialist is disclosed. The levels of qualifications of the Labor Code are given. It is shown that graduates of higher education organizations that do not have professional experience will begin to acquire it for 4 or 5 skill levels. The basic level of qualification of bachelors and specialists is 6, which is confirmed in professional standards. Attention is drawn to the formation in the students of the aggregate of two groups of competences: professional and social, which meets the requirements of professional standards of specialists. To guarantee the quality of training, it is proposed to provide a competence model of graduates for approval and review to employers who will compare it with the official duties of employees of relevant qualification levels or with a professional standard.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130169465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of the value added made by the entity using imitating modelling","authors":"I. Rozhkov, N. Isaeva, I. Zaytsev, I. Larionova, Y. Kostyukhin","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-44-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-44-51","url":null,"abstract":"The research is directed to implementation of an automatic control system system by economy of the entity. Three stages of the solution of this task are allocated. The first stage – forming and the forecast of the integrated indicator characterizing an economic condition of the entity. As such indicator, the value added of products made by the entity is accepted. Private indicators, which influence the size of an integrated economic indicator, are considered. The second stage – creation of an estimative vector. The general technique of quantitative assessment of an economic situation in the entity using the new operational characteristic – lengths of the «estimative» vector determining financial and statistical ratios is offered. The vector allows to divide in dynamics an array of initial information into two parts relating to the satisfactory and pre-crisis periods of work of the entity that gives the chance to construct separately forecast models of a key indicator for points of crisis and for points of a steady condition. For each group of points distributions of the corresponding indicators are constructed. The final stage – the planned imitating experiment for the purpose of achievement of optimum value of value added of products made by the entity – stay using imitating modeling of the ranges of change of rational values of the financial ratios recommended for use as corrective actions for ensuring satisfactory sizes of a key indicator. Flowcharts of the following stages of the solution of an objective are provided in article: procedures of forming of the considered indicators and also procedures of calculation of an estimative vector and determination of rational values of corrective actions. Results of two series of imitating experiments on separation of logarithmic normal distribution of the considered indicators for one of the metallurgical entities are shown.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128019084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key aspects activation of program-project production management at enterprises of the Russian Federation’s defense-industry complex","authors":"D. Malikova","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-20-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-20-28","url":null,"abstract":"The defense-industry complex (DIC) of the Russian Federation plays significantly the significant role not only regarding ensuring defense capability of the country, but also in economy as the leader of high technologies and progressive methods of production management. Key aspects (the directions and conditions) activation of program-project production management at enterprises DIC are considered from positions certainly of necessary ensuring defense capability of the country. Achievement of this purpose requires the managerial tools allowing to try to obtain and support on corresponding world the competitiveness level of DIC products and the managerial mechanism. As perspective the method of program-project management is considered by a pilot-serial production of DIC. The theoretical bases of activation of programproject management on defense industry enterprises which are defined by the competition of interests in the internal and external markets of the enterprises and DIC organizations, the states in general are considered by production. The driving forces of the competition promoting activation of program-project management by production on defense industry enterprises are marked out. Methodological aspects of activation of program-project management by production of defense industry enterprises from positions of types of the competition: social, economic, ecological, institutional and technological, causing competitiveness from the point of view of sustainable development are defined. It is shown that achievement of competitiveness by defense industry enterprises by these types of the competition is provided with the competitive managerial mechanism as a part of the mechanisms of organization, motivations and informatizations, each of which has elements of planning and control. A research purpose is preparation of the theoretical and methodological basis for elaboration of the mechanism model of programproject management by a pilot-serial production on defense-industry enterprises.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128054238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of a favorable innovation environment for the development of entrepreneurial-type universities","authors":"E. Alpeeva, E. V. Zheltovskih","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-87-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-87-94","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, problems of forming an innovation environment for the development of universities and forecasting the needs of the labor market with the use of the logistics system of an educational institution are considered. It is shown that the question of studying the innovative approach of the logistics system in the field of education during the digitalization period is very relevant. The reason for numerous studies in the field of logistics systems has become the fact that the development of an innovative educational sphere is impossible without the availability of effective logistical interaction. Therefore, on the one hand, the education area has all the characteristics and elements characteristic of the traditional logistical system. On the other hand, in the context of the properties of the logistic system of education, one can distinguish its distinctive innovative features, which are manifested in the presence of flows whose effectiveness should be directed at meeting the needs of the labor market and consumers. The article reveals that one of the tasks of the logistics system in the field of education can be the innovative implementation of forecasts of future labor market needs, within the framework of close interaction with the state and employers. Thus, the main task of the logistics system of an educational institution is to determine the forecast of the labor market needs for subsequent technological structures. Another important task is the ability to give a «post-guarantee service» to graduates, i.e. Forming services to improve the qualifications of graduates in the maturity phase of the next technological order. It is shown that the dynamics of demand for specialists in the relevant sectors varies in proportion to the growth phase of each technological order. Therefore, there is a need for an innovative and timely approach to forecasting in the educational sphere as part of the implementation of the competence aspect in education. Therefore, it is necessary to train future specialists with an orientation to innovation and demand in the current technological order, as well as with demand orientation in specialists in the future technological order.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132881946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russian education in the perspective of sustainable development strategy","authors":"A. Ursul, T. Ursul","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-95-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-95-105","url":null,"abstract":"The article notes that education for sustainable development (ESD) is not only a prerequisite for the achievement of sustainable development (SD), but it means a priority. Move to SD actually begins with the formation of ESD, which has become like one of the key instruments for achieving the Millennium Development Goals, and the new 17-ti global sustainable development goals, which were adopted at the summit on sustainable development to establish itself in the area of sustainable development until 2030 Agenda. Thus, the ESD as a global process should precede the formation of a sustainable future in its «full format». This temporal feature ESD Russian scientists was recognized not only as a further greening of education, but also its futurization, ie a shift in focus on the study and modeling of the future. Leading mechanism futurization education consists of education inclusion in future issues, as well as much more rapid (in comparison with other types of human material activity) development. While primarily an ecological vision of the forms and directions of education, which has not been given a sufficiently clear vector of development at the official level. Therefore, the challenge is to create an enhanced total system and the concept of ESD and to identify optimum ways and forms of development.The process of transition of the Russian education highway «global sustainability» has already begun, but not yet acquired a wide scale. In the country it is important to take unconventional decisions at the state level, which will have to target the Russian system of education in the new global goals of transition on the path of SD.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"24 Suppl 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114334555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tools for planning research and development projects","authors":"O. I. Mityakova, A. Chernenko","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-29-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-29-36","url":null,"abstract":". Realization of R&D projects is one of the factors of the enterprise’s competitiveness. Under the policy of import substitution in the domestic market, enterprises should pay great attention to planning R&D projects, assessing possible risks and minimizing development costs. A detailed development plan for R&D allows you to achieve the main criteria for the effectiveness of the R&D project: cost, timing, quality. To increase the efficiency of planning R&D projects, it was proposed to introduce new aspects of planning. The first aspect is the formation of the project portfolio, and not the consideration of each project separately, regardless of other projects. The second aspect is the development and implementation of its own automated project management system for research and development projects for the implementation of projects within the established budget and timeframe, prompt receipt of reporting information on projects, transparency of each work performed and the workload of each department at the current time and in the future. The article considers the process of making a decision on the implementation of the project, proposed a project prioritization factor to avoid outages and overload of personnel, and consider the concept of «control points». Process of decision-making has a several stages. Stages include the assessing of project efficiency, determining the priority according to target of project realization, analysis of the current load on projects, determining the level of necessary resource, also assessing the usage of resources including new projects. For project planning to considered several scenarios also, to analyses and define the shortcomings of the planning systems. Should to make some additional aspects for each project in apart, also as a whole for project portfolio.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123203522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key factors of development of the industrial enterprises in the conditions of the industry 4.0","authors":"T. Tolstykh, L. A. Gamidullayeva, E. Shkarupeta","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-11-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-11-19","url":null,"abstract":"he digital economy actively develops in Russia: according to the report of World Economic Forum, on indicators of availability, use and influence of appropriate technologies on economy and the public relations our country treats 30% of the most advanced countries. The programs of digital economy adopted in the different countries put one of key indicators digitalization of traditional branches. If to speak about manufacturing sectors, then their digitalization is defined substantially by the industrial Internet and depth of his use. Many players – both the industrial companies, and telecommunication are interested in development and introduction of these technologies, and suppliers of the equipment, are created special associations and associations. The purpose of this article is the description of models and algorithms of processes of digitalization of key information (intra-corporate and external) activity of the industrial enterprise; development of methods, technologies and analysis algorithms of «big data» on the basis of technology of the industry 4.0 for management of the industrial enterprises for development of their business. As the frontier of organizational development of processes of digital transformation the organization of the laboratory allowing to carry out the analysis, assessment and engineering of the existing processes at the industrial enterprises from positions of digitalization, productivity, design orientation and efficiency is considered. The analysis of international and Russian experience of creation of similar laboratories within a national innovative digital ecosystem is carried out. The digital laboratory helps to accelerate process of creation of new innovative products and services for growth of business and the successful competition on Russian and the world markets: possibly not only to present, but also to simulate the future of business in 10–20 years: to create prototypes of digital products, to test them, to check as they will work in the future and if necessary to finish.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127966543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the current state and tendency on diversification of development of the basket of oil products at the oil processing entities of Russia","authors":"V. Bogdanova","doi":"10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-1-4-10","url":null,"abstract":"The current state of oil-processing industry is reflected in this article, the main problems of the entities of the Orenburg region are considered. Foreign experience of functioning of the largest world companies is given as comparison and carrying out the detailed analysis (ExxonMobile, Shell, BP, etc.). It is revealed that the production relation at the leading energy industries world companies to conversion is less «1» that speaks about their orientation on high loading and deep conversion while on domestic enterprises this indicator is more than «1». That is the Russian entities are generally export-oriented. Besides, the oil-processing industry of the Orenburg region is characterized by high wearing of fixed assets, low depth of conversion, a high share of «dark» oil products in the total amount of products and as a result – low «light», that is the share products with a high value added is extremely small. In work are developed for liquidation of this imbalance and certain measures, including, measures of tax incentives of release of high-quality (high-octane) products are proposed for implementation. At the same time, at the oil processing entities of the region positive shifts are already distinctly traced: by the leading scientific institutes of the country (CJSC Neftekhimproekt, PJSC Samaraneftekhimproyekt, PJSC NPP Neftekhim, etc.) based on the accumulated domestic and international experience, it is developed and the development program of industries of this industry is implemented, positive dynamics of growth of amounts of oil refining, gradual improvement of quality of the issued motor fuels due to a construction new and upgrades of the existing objects, refusal of production of ethylated motor gasolines, increase in a share of release of the high octane gasolines and environmentally friendly diesel fuels corresponding to quality of euro-5 is traced. Authors consider that the package of measures given in this article will provide a way to innovative and technology development not only oil-processing industry of the region, but also national economies in general.","PeriodicalId":176366,"journal":{"name":"Economy in the industry","volume":"213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115785062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}