Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) 最新文献

{"title":"‘Ex Musaeo et Impensis Jacobi Stradae, S.C.M. Antiquarius, Civis Romani’: Strada’s Frustrated Ambitions as a Publisher","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"518 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123103421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Object Lesson: Strada’s House in Vienna","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_009","url":null,"abstract":"Though we cannot attribute any executed project in Vienna to Strada on the basis of incontrovertible evidence, there was one building of which he certainly must have made the designs. Moreover here he certainly also closely supervised its execution, because he was not only its architect, but also its patron. When Strada had come to court, he had immediately brought his family and household with him, clearly intending to settle in Vienna, where he soon acquired a plot of ground on which to build himself a house. By the autumn of 1562 he indicates, in a business letter to the French Ambassador, Bernardin Bochetel, Bishop of Rennes, that this was one of his chief occupations at the time:","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124591346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strada’s Role in Projects Initiated by Emperor Ferdinand i","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_008","url":null,"abstract":"In the foregoing I have attempted to sketch the situation in the field of architecture and decoration at the Imperial court at the time Strada arrived in Vienna, somewhere in May 1558. He found that his new Habsburg patrons had developed a taste for more up-to-date architecture and decoration in the classical, Italian manner; a taste that was, however, difficult for them to satisfy. As we have seen, some of their architects and court-artists had some inkling of what was going on in this field both south of the Alps and elsewhere in Europe, at least by means of some of the recent illustrated publications on architecture and ornamental design. The most important among these were the first five books of Serlio’s architectural treatise. The first volume of these had come out in 1537, and all five books were repeatedly reprinted in the fifth decade of the sixteenth century also in French and Flemish editions.1 But few, if any, of the architects at court had any first-hand experience of such developments, and some of them, such as the illiterate Benedikt Kölbl, would hardly have been able to profit even from the printed material. In view of this lack of masters sufficiently acquainted with, let alone wellversed in the new manner, the arrival of an artist and designer who was both thoroughly acquainted with its theoretical aspects and had first-hand knowledge of its results, must have been quite welcome. As we have seen in Chapter 4, very soon after his arrival in Vienna Strada was repeatedly asked to advise, with other court-architects, on several of the projects being executed or planned at that time. When in January 1560 Strada was formally appointed as an architect, the salary he was conceded was similar to that of the other architects active at court. As Hilda Lietzmann has first pointed out, this makes it very unlikely that his tasks remained limited to such occasional advice. In the following a number of projects at court will be discussed in which Strada was involved.","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127481683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jacopo Strada as an Imperial Architect: Background","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_007","url":null,"abstract":"As we have seen, Emperor Ferdinand i took Jacopo Strada into his service in the spring of 1558, but only early in 1560 Strada received a permanent appointment as ‘ainem paumaister, bey unnsern gebewen alhier, that is an architect for the projects Ferdinand undertook in Vienna. He received his salary as such without interruption (though often with great delays) until he asked Rudolf ii to be discharged from his court functions in 1579.1 The mere fact of this salary, which was double the amount he received as an antiquary, is sufficient reason to assume that he was expected to contribute regularly to the architectural projects of Ferdinand i and Maximilian ii. Before attempting a sketch of the extent and character of Strada’s contribution to these it is necessary, first to inquire into the needs and wishes of his patrons; secondly, to find out how the Imperial building activities were organized and what expertise was locally available; and thirdly, to define Strada’s exact qualifications in the field. Imperial patronage of architecture was wide-ranging: the more important part of it was utilitarian and chiefly of a military character, as is borne out by the fact that the various Imperial architects, including Strada, were paid by the Hofkriegszahlamt, the war office, rather than by the Hofkammer, which was responsible for the remuneration of most other court officials. Most of these architects, master-masons and other technicians were employed predominantly or even exclusively in Hungary, constructing fortifications against the Turks. This applies also to several of the architects we know to have been employed at court itself, either in Prague or in Vienna. But fortification, though of paramount importance, was not the only type of architecture commissioned by Ferdinand i. After its heroic resistance to the Turkish siege of 1529, Ferdinand had moved his court to Vienna in 1533. Apart from protecting his hereditary dominions from the permanent menace of the Turks, he had to adapt Vienna to its new status as Imperial residence. Moreover he had to provide for his sons who, when grown up, needed their own","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129080642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Munich Antiquarium","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130465040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiquario Della Sacra Cesarea Maesta: Strada’s Tasks at Court","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124947001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Books, Prints and Drawings: The Musaeum as a Centre of Visual Documentation","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_015","url":null,"abstract":"It should be noted that in Strada’s own descriptions of his Musaeum quoted at the beginning of the last chapter, contemporary works of art—paintings—are mentioned only twice and only in passing. Either they seem to have been of less importance to Strada than his medals, his antiquities, his books and his rare manuscripts, or they did not fit his perception of the preferences of the particular patrons addressed. In these descriptions he never refers to the prints and drawings in his collection, though from other sources we know that those in fact constituted a very substantial part of his holdings. Moreover they constituted the part which appears to have been of the greatest immediate practical use—many examples of this have been advanced in Part ii of this study—and which was most explicitly exploited in Strada’s own projects, such as the libri di disegni he prepared for his patrons and his projected publications. In view of the size and importance of his holdings an analysis of the available information is useful, not only for the light it throws on Strada’s preferences and procedures, but also for the history of the collecting of drawings in general. After his death his collection must have been one of the major sources tapped by the better documented collectors of the seventeenth century—apart from Rudolf ii one thinks of Paul von Praun, Lord Arundel, Cassiano dal Pozzo and so on. The list of ‘Pleasant canvases’ and other objects Strada offered to the Duke of Bavaria sometime in the 1570s includes a few works on paper which have not yet been mentioned in the preceding chapter. They are described as follows:","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114771583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Years: Family Background, Education, Giulio Romano","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_003","url":null,"abstract":"On the seventh of September of 1459, according to the contemporary chronicler Andrea Schivenoglia, the Duke of ‘Clenij’ or ‘Clunii’—in fact Johann i, Duke of Cleves—arrived in Mantua representing Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, at the Mantuan Council presided over by Pope Pius ii. During his visit he was lodged in the house belonging to the massaro of Mantua, an important financial officer of this small but powerful North-Italian state.1 The Duke’s host, Vivaldo della Strata, belonged to a family whose common ancestor, Lorenzo, had in 1228 been called from Brescia to serve as podestà of Mantua. In this he followed a tradition of his family, many members of which fulfilled similar functions in Lombardy and Piedmont.2 Until their extinction in an outbreak","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"04 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130259900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Image—Or from Whom (Not?) to Buy a Second-Hand Car","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_002","url":null,"abstract":"In the summer of 2008 the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam mounted a small exhibit showing Tintoretto’s portrait of Ottavio Strada da Rosberg, antiquary to the Emperor Rudolf ii, from its own collection [Fig. 0.2], next to Titian’s famous portrait of Jacopo Strada, Ottavio’s father and predecessor as antiquary to the Emperors Ferdinand i, Maximilian ii and Rudolf ii, which had been sent on loan by the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna for the occasion [Fig. 0.1]. An occasion of some moment because it was the first time for at least three hundred and fifty years that these two portraits, which had been painted simultaneously in Venice in 1567–1568, could be seen side by side. Titian’s portrait of Jacopo Strada has always been well known, having entered the Imperial collections already by the middle of the seventeenth","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120938005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le Cose dell’Antichità: Strada as a Student of Antiquity","authors":"D. Jansen","doi":"10.1163/9789004359499_017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004359499_017","url":null,"abstract":"The foregoing chapters have attempted to provide an overview of what is known at present about the life and the career of Jacopo Strada. Some aspects which deserve more detailed consideration have only been touched upon in passing. For instance, an inventory and study of the libri di disegni on various subjects which Strada and his workshop provided to his patrons, a practice assiduously continued by his son Ottavio, would contribute to a better understanding of these interesting objects themselves, on the practice and functions of drawing, and on the intellectual aspects of encyclopaedic collecting in the later sixteenth century. An investigation of Strada’s approach to numismatic method would throw light on the early history of classical scholarship and on the use of visual classical sources in the art of his period.1 A comparison of his career with that of similar personalities—in particular with other selfstyled ‘antiquaries’, but also with other agents, brokers, dealers and ‘expert advisors’—would add to our knowledge of the dynamics of production, dissemination and reception of ideas, fashions and trends as well as of concrete cultural products. Such a comparison, however, can only be fruitful when the results of empirical research into the activities of a sufficient number of such professionals are available. The present study attempts to provide this for at least one such individual, Jacopo Strada. The question remains whether at the time the varied group of professionals assuming or being indicated by the term ‘antiquarius’ was generally considered to belong to one single and established ‘profession’. As a hypothesis this is doubtful, given that no commonly accepted, unequivocal term exists for representatives of such a profession. In his groundbreaking essay on the role of the antiquary in the study of ancient history, Arnaldo Momigliano complained:","PeriodicalId":176058,"journal":{"name":"Jacopo Strada and Cultural Patronage at The Imperial Court (2 Vols.) ","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126296245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}