Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care最新文献

{"title":"Traumatic pericardial rupture with secondary cardiac herniation in a dog","authors":"Marisa I. C. Lourenço DVM,&nbsp;Agustina Anson DVM, PhD, DECVDI,&nbsp;Ian M. DeStefano DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Katherine S. Logwood VMD, DACVR,&nbsp;Tiffany Stockman DVM,&nbsp;John Berg DVM, MS, DACVS","doi":"10.1111/vec.13392","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13392","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the unique finding and treatment of a dog with cardiac herniation due to traumatic pericardial rupture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 6.5-year-old entire male Yorkshire Terrier was presented for further management after being hit by a car. Despite suspected significant intrathoracic trauma at that time, the patient regained hemodynamic stability and had orthopedic surgery to correct a right iliac fracture. The patient was readmitted to the hospital 12 days following the initial visit due to considerable respiratory difficulty after accidentally being dropped several feet. Thoracic radiographs revealed an unusual severe mediastinal shift to the left with an atypical position of the cardiac silhouette against the left lateral thoracic wall. Due to the severe respiratory compromise of the patient and newly developed pneumothorax, an exploratory thoracotomy was recommended, where a complete rupture of the pericardium was identified, with secondary left-sided prolapse of the heart. Other more common intrathoracic injuries (ie, lung perforation, rib fractures) were also identified and partially repaired. The patient recovered successfully and was discharged 4 days postoperatively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> New or Unique Information Provided</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first case report in the veterinary literature of traumatic pericardial rupture and cardiac herniation. According to human case descriptions, this is a rare and often fatal occurrence, which can be significantly challenging to diagnose preoperatively or antemortem. Emergency veterinary clinicians should be aware of this rare but important complication of blunt thoracic trauma. Surgical intervention may be necessary in cases with suspected or confirmed entrapment of great vessels or cardiac chambers, although these abnormalities were not present in this case.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 4","pages":"399-405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of injectable subcutaneous terbutaline and topical nitroglycerin ointment in the treatment of peripheral vasopressor extravasation in 3 dogs","authors":"Chele N. Lathroum MS, DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Hernan Lizardo Angulo Bracho MVZ, Esp, DVM,&nbsp;Kayla M. Alessandrino BVMS,&nbsp;Julie M. Walker DVM, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13393","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13393","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the clinical course and treatment of 3 dogs with peripheral vasopressor extravasation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Series Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although vasopressor extravasation (VE) is a well-documented complication in human medicine, literature describing VE and its management in veterinary patients is sparse. VE increases patient morbidity by causing local tissue injury and necrosis. The gold standard treatment for VE, phentolamine, has been periodically limited in supply in human medicine and is not consistently available for use in veterinary medicine. An alternative protocol proposed for use in people with VE combines topical nitroglycerin application with subcutaneous terbutaline infiltration. In this report, a treatment protocol utilizing these therapies was used to treat 3 dogs with VE and secondary tissue injury.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> New or Unique Information Provided</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This report describes 3 cases of VE-induced tissue injury in dogs. In addition, this report describes the use of perivascular terbutaline infiltration and topical nitroglycerin application as therapeutic management for VE in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 4","pages":"393-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vec.13393","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times, thromboelastography, hematocrit, and platelet count in a feline hemorrhage/over-resuscitation model using lactated Ringer's solution or 6% tetrastarch 130/0.4","authors":"Gareth E. Zeiler BVSc(Hons), MMedVet(Anaesth), PhD, DECVECC, DECVAA, DACVAA,&nbsp;Brighton T. Dzikiti BVSc, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Eva Rioja BVSc, DVM, PhD, DACVAA,&nbsp;Peter Kamerman BSc, PhD,&nbsp;Roxanne K. Buck BVSc, MMedVet(Anaesth), DECVAA,&nbsp;Friederike Pohlin BVSc, PhD,&nbsp;Andrea Fuller BSc, PhD","doi":"10.1111/vec.13376","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13376","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To describe and compare prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thromboelastography (TEG), HCT, and platelet count measurements in a hemorrhage/over-resuscitation model.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Randomized crossover study.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Setting&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;University teaching hospital.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Animals&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Six cats.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Interventions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Anesthetized cats underwent 3 treatments at 2-month intervals. The treatments were as follows: NHR—no controlled hemorrhage and sham resuscitation; LRS—controlled hemorrhage and lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) for resuscitation; and Voluven—controlled hemorrhage and 6% tetrastarch 130/0.4 for resuscitation. The LRS and Voluven were administered at 60 and 20 mL/kg/h, respectively, for 120 minutes. Blood samples were drawn for PT, aPTT, TEG, HCT, and platelet count measurements at a healthy check (T − 7d), after controlled hemorrhage (T0), at 60 and 120 minutes of resuscitation (T60 and T120), and at 24 hours after completion of resuscitation (T24h). Data were analyzed using a general linear mixed model approach (significance was &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Measurements and Main Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Total median blood loss (controlled hemorrhage and blood sampling from T0 to T120) at T120 was 11.4, 31.0, and 30.8 mL/kg for NHR, LRS, and Voluven, respectively. PT and aPTT during LRS and Voluven were prolonged at T60 and T120 compared to NHR (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). On TEG, the reaction time, kinetic time, and alpha-angle were within reference intervals for cats at all time points in all treatments, while maximum amplitude was less than the reference interval (40 mm) at T0, T60, and T120 during Voluven and at T60 and T120 during LRS compared to NHR (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The HCT and platelet count were significantly lower at T60 and T120 during LRS and Voluven compared to NHR (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Hypocoagulopathy was observed during hemorrhage and liberal fluid resuscitation. Prolongation of PT and aPPT and decreased clot strength may have been caused by hemodilution and platelet loss.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 4","pages":"356-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vec.13376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141319174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information - Prelim","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/vec.13305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.13305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"205-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vec.13305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suspected cerebral salt wasting syndrome secondary to traumatic brain injury in a dog","authors":"Amanda E. Chromiak DVM, MS,&nbsp;Joanna Finstad DVM, MS,&nbsp;Edward Cooper VMD, MS, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13375","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13375","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe a dog with suspected cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS) secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 2-month-old intact male Chihuahua-American Pitbull Terrier mix weighing 1.94 kg presented to a veterinary teaching emergency room after suffering bite wound-penetrating trauma to the head. Treatment was initiated with hyperosmotic agents, fluid resuscitation, and analgesia. The dog's neurologic dysfunction warranted hospitalization and continuous monitoring. Within 24 hours, the dog developed hyponatremia (133 mmol/L compared to 143 mmol/L on presentation [reference interval 142–149 mmol/L]). As the dog had concurrent tachycardia, increase in urine sodium concentration, polyuria, and weight loss, a diagnosis of cerebral salt wasting was suspected. A 2% hypertonic saline constant rate infusion was administered for volume replacement, and the patient showed improvement in clinical signs and blood sodium concentration. The dog was discharged on Day 5. Recheck examination showed significant neurologic improvement with sodium just below the low end of the reference range (141 mmol/L [reference interval 142–149 mmol/L]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> New or Unique Information Provided</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first description of suspected CSWS in veterinary medicine. Hyponatremia is a common finding in critically ill neurologic people, including those with TBI, and is typically associated with either syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone or CSWS. As treatment recommendations for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone and CSWS are diametrically opposed, identifying the presence of hyponatremia and distinguishing between these 2 clinical entities is critical for improving patient care for those with TBI. This case highlights the characteristics and clinical progression regarding the diagnosis and management of suspected CSWS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"285-290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141163033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey of medication and raw food use among canine blood donors","authors":"Marie K. Holowaychuk DVM, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13381","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13381","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood donors are screened for medication use to determine their health status and to ensure that the collection will be safe and efficacious for transfusion. Although stringent medication deferral guidelines exist for human blood donors, no consensus exists as to which medications should be permitted among canine donors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A brief survey regarding canine donor screening methods was distributed to an online hematology and transfusion medicine group and included questions pertaining to commonly prescribed medications and consumption of a raw food diet.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Key Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The survey results demonstrate that more than half of the respondents accept canine donors given thyroid supplements, whereas respondents were split as to whether they accept canine donors given antihistamines chronically. Most survey respondents exclude canine donors taking anti-inflammatory or anti-itch medications unless in acute circumstances and only after a washout period. More than half of the survey respondents exclude dogs fed a raw food diet.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The survey results demonstrate that there is no obvious agreement regarding which medications to permit in canine donors. Evidence-based guidelines are needed to inform best practices and the subsequent decisions made by donor programs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"302-306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141163028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of a right heart parameter score in the assessment of precapillary pulmonary hypertension in dogs (2017–2021): 135 cases","authors":"Rebecca R. Gelé DVM,&nbsp;Priscilla Burnotte DVM,&nbsp;Annelies Valcke DVM,&nbsp;Thomas G. Walker DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Christopher R. Kennedy BVetMed, DACVECC,&nbsp;Anne-Christine Merveille DMV, PhD, DECVIM,&nbsp;Kris Gommeren DVM, PhD, DECVIM, DECVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13394","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13394","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To determine if emergency and critical care residents can identify moderate to severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension on cardiologist-obtained cineloops using a pulmonary hypertension score (PHS) and report the interobserver variability of the PHS.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Multicenter, retrospective, case–control study from 2017 to 2021.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Setting&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Private referral center and veterinary teaching hospital.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Animals&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;One hundred and thirty-five client-owned dogs that underwent diagnostic echocardiography.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Interventions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;None.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Measurements and Main Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Medical records of dogs with stage B1 myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and dogs diagnosed with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PCPH) via echocardiograms were reviewed. Dogs were categorized by a cardiologist into 5 groups (normal, B1 MMVD, mild, moderate, and severe PCPH) based on Doppler pulmonary pressure gradients and right heart morphology. Cineloops from each case were subjectively evaluated by emergency and critical care residents for the presence of right atrial and ventricular enlargement, right ventricular hypertrophy, interventricular septal flattening, and pulmonary artery and trunk enlargement to form a composite pulmonary hypertension score out of 8 (PHS8). When available, signs of peritoneal effusion and distention of the caudal vena cava were subjectively assessed to generate a pulmonary hypertension score out of 10 (PHS10). There was excellent discrimination of moderate to severe PCPH versus grouped absent to mild PCPH using PHS8 (area under the receiver operator curve [AUC] [95% confidence interval, CI] = 0.90 [0.84–0.95], &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&lt; 0.0001) and PHS10 (AUC [95% CI] = 0.89 [0.81–0.97], &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&lt; 0.0001). PHS8 ≥3 was 64% sensitive and 98% specific for moderate to severe PCPH (positive likelihood ratio [LR+] 32, negative likelihood ration [LR−] 0.37). PHS10 ≥ 3.3 was 64% sensitive and 92% specific for moderate to severe PCPH (LR+ 8, LR− 0.39). Interobserver agreement was good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.74 [95% CI: 0.66–0.80], &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 135).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Residents identified moderate to severe PCPH in dogs using PHS on cineloops previousl","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"277-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141163029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of the effects of a single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone in horses undergoing exploratory laparotomy for small intestinal lesions (2008–2019): 240 cases","authors":"Rose E. Tallon MA, VetMB, MVetMed, DACVIM,&nbsp;Sarah E. Allen BVetMed, MSc PhD,&nbsp;Bruce M. Bladon BVM&S, DESTS, DECVS,&nbsp;Kate F. McGovern BVetMed, MS DACVIM, DECEIM","doi":"10.1111/vec.13374","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13374","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To determine the effect of a single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone on the risk of postoperative reflux (POR) in horses undergoing small intestinal surgery and to investigate its association with incisional complications and short-term survival.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Retrospective cohort study over an 11-year period (2008–2019).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Setting&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;UK-based private referral center.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Animals&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Two hundred and forty client-owned horses &gt;6 months of age undergoing exploratory laparotomy for treatment of a small intestinal lesion.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Interventions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Ninety-seven horses received a single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg, IV).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Measurements and Main Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Of 97 horses that received dexamethasone, 52 (53.6%) required small intestinal resection. Of 143 horses that did not receive dexamethasone, small intestinal resection was performed in 78 (54.5%). A total of 70 horses (29%) developed POR. There was no difference in the risk of POR between horses that received dexamethasone (25/97; 26%) and those that did not (45/143; 31%, &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;= 0.34). Risk factors associated with the development of POR included small intestinal resection (odds ratio [OR]: 4.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.27–9.11, &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&lt; 0.001), a PCV &gt;40% 24 hours postoperatively (OR: 4.11, 95% CI: 2–8.45, &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&lt; 0.001), and a WBC count &gt;10 × 10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;/L on admission (OR: 3.29, 95% CI: 1.47–7.41, &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;= 0.004). Dexamethasone was not associated with the odds of POR. Horses undergoing repeat laparotomy had a higher risk of incisional infection (OR: 8.07, 95% CI: 1.98–32.81, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004). Dexamethasone administration was not associated with incisional infection. The development of POR was negatively associated with short-term survival (OR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.03–0.17, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.001). Dexamethasone administration was not retained in the final multivariable model for survival.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Intraoperative dexamethasone was not associated with the development of POR in this study population, nor did it have an effect on postoperative survival or incisional infection in horses undergoing surgical management of small intestinal disease.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"245-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141163031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of the utility of shock index to determine the presence of congestive heart failure in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (2019–2021): 98 cases","authors":"Hannah Matson BVetMed,&nbsp;Efa A. Llewellyn BVetMed, DACVECC, DECVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13379","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13379","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To calculate the shock index (SI) in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and to evaluate its use to predict the presence of congestive heart failure (CHF).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Small animal university veterinary teaching hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-eight dogs with MMVD and 20 healthy dogs as part of a control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interventions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were recorded, and SI was calculated by dividing HR by SBP for each dog.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean (SD) HR, SBP, and SI were 123/min (32.6), 147 mm Hg (21.5), and 0.86 (0.3), respectively, for dogs with MMVD and 98/min (20.9), 145 mm Hg (18.7), and 0.68 (0.13), respectively, for control dogs. Dogs with MMVD had a significantly higher HR compared with control dogs (<i>P </i>&lt; 0.01), and an elevation in HR was seen as the severity of MMVD increased. Dogs in stage B2 and C/D MMVD had a significantly higher SI value compared with control dogs (<i>P </i>= 0.04 and <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01, respectively). SI was significantly higher in dogs in stage C/D MMVD compared with dogs in stage B2 MMVD (<i>P </i>&lt; 0.01). Ten of 98 (10%) dogs had an arrhythmia. HR, SBP, and SI were not significantly different between dogs with and without arrhythmias (<i>P </i>= 0.13, <i>P </i>= 0.57, and <i>P </i>= 0.07, respectively), but significantly more dogs with CHF had an arrhythmia (<i>P </i>= 0.01). SI (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.98) and HR (AUC: 0.95) were excellent indicators for the presence of CHF. An optimal SI cutoff value ≥1.1 had 92% sensitivity and 95% specificity for predicting the presence of CHF, and an optimal HR cutoff value of ≥157/min had 92% sensitivity and 93% specificity for the prediction of CHF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When there are compatible clinical signs, SI values ≥1.1 may suggest the presence of CHF in dogs with MMVD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"231-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141163032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of coagulation and fibrinolysis in Irish Wolfhounds and age-matched control dogs using tissue plasminogen activator-augmented viscoelastic testing","authors":"Samantha Davis DVM,&nbsp;Daniel J. Fletcher PhD, DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Ashley Newman DVM,&nbsp;Marjory B. Brooks DVM, DACVIM","doi":"10.1111/vec.13385","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13385","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To determine if Irish Wolfhounds (IWs), like other sighthounds, are hyperfibrinolytic compared with nonsighthound dogs using 2 native and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-enhanced viscoelastic assays, one that is whole blood-based (viscoelastic coagulation monitor [VCM]) and the other that is plasma-based thromboelastography (TEG).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cohort study.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Setting&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;University teaching hospital.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Animals&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A convenience sample of 27 IWs recruited from the Irish Wolfhound Association of New England Specialty and the local community, and 27 healthy, age-matched, large-breed control dogs.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Interventions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;None.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Measurements and Main Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Blood samples including CBC, biochemistry, traditional coagulation, and viscoelastic testing were collected from IWs and control dogs. Twelve IWs had viscoelastic testing. IWs had lower fibrinogen concentrations (215.5 ± 57.8 vs 251.4 ± 64.5 mg/dL, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.034) and formed weaker clots on both whole-blood VCM and plasma TEG assays (maximum clot firmness [VCM-MCF] = 39.4 [25.1–48.8] vs 48.5 [34.6–57.3], &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;= 0.0042; maximum amplitude [TEG-MA] = 22.7 [14.7–33.6] vs 32.2 [26.9–42.0], &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001). IWs were hyperfibrinolytic compared with control dogs on VCM whole-blood assays, with 25 U/mL tPA (lysis at 30 min [VCM-LI30] = 68.1 [0–100] vs 99.9 [63.3–100], &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0009; lysis at 45 min [VCM-LI45] = 31.0 [0–100] vs 98.1 [38.4–100], &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0002) but hypofibrinolytic compared with controls on TEG plasma assays with 50 U/mL tPA (lysis at 30 min [TEG-LY30] = 45.7 [4.6–94.6] vs 93.7 [12.3–96.5], &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0004; lysis at 60 min [TEG-LY60] = 68.7 [29.7–96.8] vs 95.7 [34.4–97.6], &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0003). Minimal fibrinolysis was measured on whole-blood VCM or plasma TEG assays without the addition of tPA, and there were no differences between the 2 groups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Weaker clots were found in IWs than control dogs. With the addition of tPA, IWs had evidence of hyperfibrinolysis on whole-blood VCM assays and hypofibrinolysis on plasma TEG assays compared with control dogs. Without the addition of tPA, however, both groups of dogs showed minimal fibrinolysis on viscoelastic testing.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"222-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141077352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}