Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation最新文献

{"title":"<i>Eurytrema</i> sp. as a cause of chronic interstitial pancreatitis in cattle in southeastern Brazil.","authors":"Guilherme S Lemos, Rodrigo L A Palhano, Hudson A Santos, João P Matiello, Bárbara A Alves, Gabriela Anteveli, Tiago F Moreira, Rodrigo M Meneses, Antônio U Carvalho, Elias J Facury Filho","doi":"10.1177/10406387251345888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10406387251345888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report here 6 cases of bovine eurytrematosis on 2 farms (dairy and beef cattle) in southeastern Brazil. The cattle had different primary lesions that explained their clinical conditions; however, upon autopsy, common to all animals were abnormalities in the pancreas and the presence of <i>Eurytrema</i> spp. All parasitized pancreases were swollen, firm, and tan to yellow-pink. Upon dissection, numerous parasites were observed, the pancreatic ducts were thickened and dilated, and the parenchyma was fibrotic. Histopathologic findings were multifocal-to-diffuse chronic interstitial pancreatitis. Despite clinical signs, such as low body condition score, compatible with eurytrematosis, it was challenging to determine whether these signs were caused primarily by the pancreatic lesion or by the primary disease affecting the cows. Bovine eurytrematosis may be associated with other underlying conditions, making its diagnosis difficult and potentially impacting the prognosis of the affected animals. Our findings underscore the harmful nature of <i>Eurytrema coelomaticum</i> as a parasite and emphasize that it may be more than an incidental finding at autopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251345888"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A divergent anatomic distribution of bovine lymphoma: time for an update.","authors":"Ricardo E Mendes, Fernanda F Perosa, Marcia R S Ilha, Érica Boldori, Raphael V A Tonin, Erin A Graham, Manoela M Piva, Anderson H Gris, Daniel R Rissi","doi":"10.1177/10406387251366329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10406387251366329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine leukemia virus-associated lymphoma (BLV-AL) is a significant neoplastic disease in cattle globally, resulting in substantial economic losses. Here we describe the anatomic distribution of lymphoma in adult cattle in 3 veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs). Between 2001 and 2024, we retrieved 5,290 reports of bovine autopsies performed by these VDLs and 2,200 autopsies submitted by field veterinarians for diagnosis. We selected 165 bovine lymphoma cases, of which 122 (73.9%) originated from VDL autopsies and 43 (26.1%) from autopsies performed by field veterinarians. The most affected organs were lymph nodes (70.3%), followed by the heart (62.4%), abomasum (51.5%), kidney (32.7%), intestinal wall (26.1%), and forestomach wall (19.4%). Among adult cattle lymphoma cases diagnosed at these VDLs, lymphoma was observed more frequently in kidney and intestinal wall than in uterus or spinal cord epidural space.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251366329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of minimum centrifugation time of microhematocrit tubes to obtain accurate results of packed cell volume and total solids in donkeys, dogs, sheep, and cows.","authors":"Dreyton Oliva, Hélène Lardé, Juliette Bouillon, Ronan Whiston, Andrea Peda, Patricia Dowling, Ronan J J Chapuis","doi":"10.1177/10406387251362461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10406387251362461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To date, the minimum centrifugation times of microhematocrit tubes of blood to generate accurate PCV and total solids (TS) results have not been validated in veterinary medicine. We collected blood samples from 44 donkeys, 43 dogs, 61 sheep, and 40 cattle. We centrifuged microhematocrit tubes for 1, 2, 3, 5, and 15 min in donkeys and dogs, and 1.5, 3, 5, 10, and 15 min in ruminants. We evaluated the agreements between PCV and TS values at each time of centrifugation with the reference values at 15 min using intra-class coefficients of correlation and linear regressions. Finally, we considered the symmetrical distribution of differences between results obtained at each time of centrifugation and the reference values. We found that microhematocrit tubes centrifuged for a minimum of 3 min in donkeys and dogs, 10 min in sheep, and 5 min in cattle gave PCV and TS results in agreement with the values obtained after 15 min of centrifugation. The centrifugation time for cattle was shorter than currently advised. However, because PCV values of all cattle and most donkeys enrolled were within RIs and because no polycythemic animals were included, validation of these times may be warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251362461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postmortem diagnosis of venous air embolism in a Wielkopolski horse.","authors":"Anna M Majcher, Antonia Troillet, Kerstin Gerlach, Paul R Tönnies, Walter Brehm, Reiner Ulrich","doi":"10.1177/10406387251362462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10406387251362462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nine days after a surgical intervention due to an injury of the left hind hoof capsule, a 9-y-old, 538-kg female Wielkopolski horse was found recumbent in its stall with an unplugged permanent intravenous catheter positioned in the left jugular vein. Despite immediate resuscitation attempts, the animal died within minutes. Suspecting venous air embolism, radiographic imaging and detailed postmortem examinations were performed. However, visualization of the heart by radiography was hindered by the animal's body mass and postmortem changes. The autopsy followed a modified Richter method, originally developed for diagnosing air embolism in humans. The horse was positioned in left lateral recumbency to allow in situ access to the atria and venous sinuses. Gas bubbles observed in the right atrium and ventricle confirmed venous air embolism as the cause of death. Venous air embolism is a rarely documented cause of death in veterinary pathology. We present here an autopsy protocol for diagnosis of venous air embolism in large animals, which is primarily a macroscopic diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251362462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12373652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships of heart scores and postmortem cardiac measurements in congestive heart disease in feedlot cattle.","authors":"Katie Long, Brad J White, Eduarda Mazzardo Bortoluzzi, Luis Felipe Feitoza, Laura Carpenter, Paige Schmidt, Maddie Mancke, Rachel Champagne, Makenna Jensen, Randall Raymond, Justin Buchanan, Robert Larson, Brian Lubbers","doi":"10.1177/10406387251357233","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251357233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congestive heart failure (CHF) in feedyard cattle is of increasing concern among producers and can be difficult to diagnose definitively postmortem. In a cross-sectional observational study, we evaluated gross pathology findings, various heart measurements, and subjective heart scores (1-5 scale: 1 = normal, 5 = severely remodeled) to identify heart disease postmortem. In postmortem examinations of 346 feedyard deaths, we classified 106 (30.6%) cases as cardiac enlargement or misshapen ventricle (CEMV) when there was an abnormal heart shape or dilated ventricle(s), and no signs of infectious heart disease. CHF was defined as a CEMV case with chronic passive congestion of the liver (i.e., nutmeg liver) and ≥2 of the following lesions: serous or serosanguineous pleural, pericardial, or peritoneal effusion. Eleven of the 346 autopsied cattle were classified as having CHF. Descriptive statistics and multivariate models were used to identify statistical associations between objective heart measurements or subjective heart scores and the prevalence of CEMV or CHF. CEMV cases had significantly increased heart widths, thinner left ventricular free walls, and expanded right ventricular lumen areas (<i>p</i> <0.05). The CHF model did not converge because we had too few cases to be able to evaluate associations between CHF and variables of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251357233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a real-time PCR assay for <i>Cochlosoma anatis</i> in turkeys.","authors":"Rebecca P Wilkes, Angie Chan, Nelly Elshafie, Kabel Robbins","doi":"10.1177/10406387251364260","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251364260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cochlosoma anatis</i> is a flagellated protozoan parasite in the <i>Trichomonadidae</i> family that causes an enteric disease of turkeys and ducks known as cochlosomosis. Following the withdrawal of effective antiprotozoal medications from commercial poultry production, this organism has become of increased concern for the turkey industry. Historically, this organism has been detected by light microscopic evaluation of enteric mucosal scrapings. However, live trophozoites must be present in the sample for this method of detection because the parasite is differentiated from other protozoa by its characteristic movement. There is currently no real-time PCR (rtPCR) assay published for this organism; thus, we designed and validated a rtPCR assay. Ten-fold serial dilutions of gBlocks DNA representing the targeted region of the organism were evaluated to determine the limit of detection of the organism, which was ~50 copies per reaction. The assay was specific for <i>C. anatis</i>, with no cross-detection of 3 other poultry flagellates: <i>Histomonas meleagridis</i>, <i>Tetratrichomonas gallinarum</i>, and <i>Trichomonas gallinae</i>. Sensitivity and specificity compared to microscopic detection of live organisms were 100%. Coinfections of <i>C. anatis</i> with other pathogens have been reported. Thus, this assay can be added to syndromic panels for detection of enteric pathogens of turkeys.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251364260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spurious increase in automated optical platelet counts associated with lipemia in dogs.","authors":"Sabrina Fasoli, Kateryna Vasylyeva, Maria Giulia Ferrari, Francesco Lunetta, Elisa Brini, Marta Gruarin, Chiara Agnoli, Francesco Dondi","doi":"10.1177/10406387251355250","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251355250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spurious platelet counts (PLTCs) associated with lipemia are documented in humans and rarely in dogs. We retrospectively evaluated CBCs of dogs admitted to a veterinary hospital to assess the interference of lipemia with the automated PLTC (A-PLTC) measured by an optical method (Advia 2120i; Siemens). The severity of lipemia was used to group CBC results into 2 groups: severe lipemia (SL) and non-severe lipemia (NSL). Samples with abnormalities other than lipemia, potentially associated with a spurious increase in PLTC, were excluded. In the SL group, a manual PLTC (M-PLTC) was performed, and its difference with A-PLTC (ΔAPLT-MPLT) was calculated. Platelet scatter plots, concentration of triglycerides and cholesterol, diseases, and therapies were evaluated. We selected 9,535 samples, 173 (1.9%) in the SL group and 9,362 in the NSL group. The A-PLTC was significantly increased in the SL group (median: 399 × 10⁹/L; range: 11-1,900 × 10⁹/L) compared to the NSL group (median: 300 × 10⁹/L, range: 1-2,250 × 10⁹/L; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). In the SL group, A-PLTC was significantly increased compared to M-PLTC (median: 356 × 10⁹/L, range: 24-1,170 × 10⁹/L, <i>p</i> = 0.01; median: ΔAPLT-MPLT +25 × 10⁹/L, range: -190 to 1,700 × 10⁹/L), and the triglyceride concentration (median: 8.71 mmol/L; range: 0.55-152 mmol/L) was significantly associated with ΔAPLT-MPLT (<i>r</i>² = 0.05; <i>p</i> = 0.004). Dogs with pancreatitis had significantly increased ΔAPLT-MPLT (median: +624 × 10⁹/L; range: 62-1,700 × 10⁹/L) compared to other disease categories (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Severe lipemia may be associated with a spurious A-PLTC increase in dogs; careful evaluation of platelet scatter plots and visual inspection of serum are recommended. Manual estimation is required to correct the A-PLTC when this artifact is detected.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251355250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective study of radial fractures in racehorses in California, 2006-2022.","authors":"Carlos O Schild, Akinyi Nyaoke, Javier Asin, Eileen E Henderson, Jeff A Blea, Susan M Stover, Francisco A Uzal","doi":"10.1177/10406387251336267","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251336267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radial fractures are relatively uncommon (0-1%) injuries in postmortem studies of racehorses, and few cases have been published. We describe here a series of 42 cases of radial fractures observed in California racehorses. Autopsy findings from all racehorses submitted for postmortem examination between 2006 July 1 and 2022 June 30 that had a recorded radial fracture were evaluated. We included 42 horses (30 Thoroughbreds, 12 Quarter Horses), most of which were 3-5-y-old. Catastrophic radial fracture was observed in 30 (71%) horses; in the remaining 12 (29%) horses, the fracture of the radius was considered an incidental finding. All of the catastrophic radial fractures were complete, displaced, and comminuted; 70% were articular and 30% were non-articular; 61% were open and 39% were closed; 83% were diaphyseal to distal epiphyseal and 17% were proximal epiphyseal. Nine of the 30 horses with catastrophic fracture had a preexisting periosteal callus associated with the main line of fracture. Among Quarter Horse racehorses, the frequency of callus in radial fractures tended to be higher (<i>p</i> = 0.083) in 3-y-olds compared with other ages. In 6 of these 9 cases, the callus was located along the cranial aspect of the distal third of the diaphysis. All incidental cases consisted of osteochondral fragmentations, which occurred most frequently on the cranial border of the intermediate facet of the distal articular surface of the radius. Knowledge of the common sites of stress fractures or osteochondral stress remodeling in the radius can help to focus autopsies and to improve the characterization and interpretation of those lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251336267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fast molecular tool for sexing Gibber Italicus, song thrush, and redwing birds.","authors":"Emanuele D'Anza, Sara Albarella, Ilaria Cascone, Mariagiulia Pugliano, Francesca Ciotola, Vincenzo Peretti","doi":"10.1177/10406387251323555","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251323555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gibber Italicus, song thrush (<i>Turdus philomelus</i>), and redwing (<i>Turdus iliacus</i>) are 3 bird species in which sexual dimorphism is not readily apparent. Therefore, molecular sexing is a valuable tool for breeding, selection, and conservation purposes. We compared DNA extraction by commercial kit and an alkaline method from feathers, then developed a molecular method for sexing these species using the P2/P8 and CHD1F/CHD1R primer pairs. Both protocols were successful in extracting DNA; the alkaline method is more cost-effective, whereas the commercial kit protocol is easier to standardize. All DNA samples were successfully amplified using both the P2/P8 and CHD1F/1R primer pairs. The use of the CHD1F/1R primer pair is notably advantageous as it produces fragments of different lengths of the sex chromosomes, making them easily distinguishable via electrophoresis. The sequence analysis of the amplicons obtained with the CHD1F/1R primer pair revealed specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms for song thrush and redwing, which could be used as markers to differentiate between the 2 species if required.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"620-624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11904919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of porcine circoviruses 2 and 3 in wild boar in Serbia.","authors":"Sofija Šolaja, Dimitrije Glišić, Vesna Milićević","doi":"10.1177/10406387251325534","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251325534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) are prevalent pathogens that are economically important to the global swine industry. We investigated the prevalence of PCV2 and PCV3 in eastern Serbia by analyzing 166 wild boar samples with a real-time PCR assay. The cumulative prevalence of PCV2 and PCV3 was 72.7%, with true prevalence estimates of 59.2% for PCV2, 49.0% for PCV3, and 31.0% for coinfection. We found higher prevalence of PCV2 and PCV3 in the Južnobanatski district compared to previous reports, likely due to differences in detection methods and the inclusion of liver samples. Backyard farms, with free-ranging animals and natural breeding, dominate eastern Serbia, facilitating frequent interactions between wild and domestic pigs. The overlap between backyard and commercial farming practices, along with high wild boar densities and cross-border movements, likely facilitate viral transmission. These conditions, coupled with inadequate biosecurity measures, such as swill feeding and improper disposal of offal, amplify the risk for viral dissemination, with significant implications for spillover into domestic pig populations. Enhanced biosecurity and monitoring strategies are crucial to mitigate the risk of pathogen transmission between wild and domestic pig populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"674-678"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11904918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}