Journal of Virus Eradication最新文献

{"title":"Engagement of AKT and ERK signaling pathways facilitates infection of human neuronal cells with West Nile virus","authors":"Wan-Da Tang ,&nbsp;Wei-Yang Zhu ,&nbsp;Hai-Lin Tang ,&nbsp;Ping Zhao ,&nbsp;Lan-Juan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jve.2024.100368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>West Nile virus (WNV) is an important neurotropic virus that accounts for the emergence of human arboviral encephalitis and meningitis. The interaction of WNV with signaling pathways plays a key role in controlling WNV infection. We have investigated the roles of the AKT and ERK pathways in supporting WNV propagation and modulating the inflammatory response following WNV infection. WNV established a productive infection in neuronal cell lines originated from human and mouse. Expression of IL-11 and TNF-α was markedly up-regulated in the infected human neuronal cells, indicating elicitation of inflammation response upon WNV infection. WNV incubation rapidly activated signaling cascades of AKT (AKT-S6-4E-BP1) and ERK (MEK-ERK-p90RSK) pathways. Treatment with AKT inhibitor MK-2206 or MEK inhibitor U0126 abrogated WNV-induced AKT or ERK activation. Strong activation of AKT and ERK signaling pathways could be detectable at 24 h after WNV infection, while such activation was abolished at 48 h post infection. U0126 treatment or knockdown of ERK expression significantly increased WNV RNA levels and viral titers and efficiently decreased IL-11 production induced by WNV, suggesting the involvement of ERK pathway in WNV propagation and IL-11 induction. MK-2206 treatment enhanced WNV RNA replication accompanied with a moderate decrease in IL-11 production. These results demonstrate that engagement of AKT and ERK signaling pathways facilitates viral infection and may be implicated in WNV pathogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100368"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664024000050/pdfft?md5=14db4a89b582a6ded93c4f30f9d8be42&pid=1-s2.0-S2055664024000050-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140346850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polio eradication in Pakistan: Hope against hope or are we near eradication?","authors":"Tauseef Ahmad ,&nbsp;Mukhtiar Baig ,&nbsp;Muhammad Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jve.2024.100371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100371"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664024000086/pdfft?md5=81801c51da019d5509cf80cc6bd62a9a&pid=1-s2.0-S2055664024000086-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140536503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights of the 31st Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), March 3–6, 2024 Denver, Colorado, USA","authors":"Christina K. Psomas,&nbsp;Sabine Kinloch","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jve.2024.100372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100372"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664024000098/pdfft?md5=bac99b4f2b38c2569afca148e26c02c1&pid=1-s2.0-S2055664024000098-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140351334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child-centred framing through design research: a framework for analysing children's 'dream wheelchair' designs to elicit meaning and elevate their voice.","authors":"Cara Shaw, Francesca Bernardi, Farnaz Nickpour","doi":"10.1080/17483107.2022.2071487","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17483107.2022.2071487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper considers the possibilities of analysing children's own designs to contribute to the design of inclusive paediatric mobility interventions. The aim of this paper is threefold: (1) to develop a framework for child-centred design analysis, (2) to analyse children's designs to explore both quantitative and qualitative insights and (3) to explore how children's voice could be elevated through design research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Child-centred Design Analysis Framework is developed in an interdisciplinary manner, comprising four dimensions including Child, Content, Context and Format. It is used as a vehicle to analyse and code 130 \"Dream Wheelchair\" designs by children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The children's \"Dream Wheelchair\" designs reference a range of features and priorities, which are gathered into themes through the framework, providing insights into children's individual and collective mobility narratives, values and requirements. Themes are explored through a qualitative interdisciplinary lens to understand the nature of children's lived experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The framework promotes child-centred framing through extracting meaning from children's own designs. It is suggested that child-centred framing and a rights-respecting approach to assistive technology design research can lead to more appropriate design outcomes and improved user experiences for children with disabilities. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILIATIONThe design analysis framework developed and presented in this paper facilitates child-centred framing to elevate children's voice in a design process.Analysis of 130 children's visual and textual designs elicited narratives, values, and requirements around their \"Dream Wheelchairs\"; these findings contribute insights which can be used for designing inclusive paediatric mobility interventions.This paper invites industry practitioners and design researchers to use a child-centred and rights-respecting approach when designing with or for children.</p>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"4 1","pages":"154-166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74978959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient acceptability of, and attitudes towards, hepatitis B cure research – A scoping review and identification of knowledge gaps","authors":"Neaka Mohtashemi ,&nbsp;Karine Dubé ,&nbsp;Chloe Thio ,&nbsp;Sihyeong Song ,&nbsp;Shail Patel ,&nbsp;Jeremy Sugarman ,&nbsp;Debika Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Functional cure, defined as durable loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA suppression off therapy, is an increasingly important goal in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Although novel treatments aimed at achieving functional cure are being developed and tested in clinical trials, it is important to assess the perspectives of people living with HBV towards these potential treatments and their participation in HBV functional cure research. We have performed a scoping review that revealed that there is limited knowledge regarding patient perspectives of HBV functional cure research and then identified gaps in knowledge for further investigation. Our work highlights the need for further studies in patient perspectives in HBV functional cure research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664023000407/pdfft?md5=20ac6f8a2ac8353918e17db4479308d8&pid=1-s2.0-S2055664023000407-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138532063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial JVE 9.4","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100361","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100361"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S205566402300047X/pdfft?md5=53ec236547c4a0f6ea79cdf98f5cfe13&pid=1-s2.0-S205566402300047X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138689871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights of the HIV cure session, 19th European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) Conference, 18-21 October 2023, Warsaw, Poland","authors":"Christina K. Psomas,&nbsp;Sabine Kinloch-de Loës","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664023000456/pdfft?md5=a55e83d964977085f2d52c09aaa28e48&pid=1-s2.0-S2055664023000456-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138689868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of triple panel testing for hepatitis B and the burden of isolated anti-hepatitis B core antibodies within a community sample","authors":"Catherine Freeland ,&nbsp;Vivek Sreepathi ,&nbsp;Richard W. Hass ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Fenkel ,&nbsp;Jessie Torgersen ,&nbsp;Kenneth Rothstein ,&nbsp;Chari Cohen ,&nbsp;Robert G. Gish","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jve.2023.100358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Within the United States (US), 2.4 million individuals are living with chronic hepatitis B, but less than 20% are diagnosed. Isolated anti-hepatitis B core (iAHBc) antibodies indicate serology in an individual that is positive for anti-HBc antibodies, while negative for surface antigen (HBsAg) and surface antibodies (anti-HBs). A result of iAHBc could indicate a chronic occult bloodstream infection, necessitating further testing. This study assesses the prevalence and risk factors associated with anti-HBc and iAHBc within community high-risk screening in Greater Philadelphia. Participants (n = 177) were screened for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc during community screening events in 2022. Chi-square tables and Firth logistic regression were used to describe the data and to assess the odds of iAHBc. The findings indicate that there was an iAHBc prevalence of 7.3% (n = 13) within our study. The odds of anti-HBc were increased for immigrants from the Western Pacific (4.5%) and Africa (11.9%). Individuals born in Africa had 7.93 greater odds for iAHBc than those born in the Americas, and these odds are multiplied by 1.01 for every 1-year increase in age. Our data show a high burden of iAHBc within high-risk and often hard-to-reach communities. Triple panel screening should be incorporated into all HBV screening programs, in accordance with current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) universal screening recommendations, to ensure a comprehensive picture of the disease burden and reduce the risk of missing people with occult hepatitis B and those at risk for viral reactivation or liver complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100358"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664023000444/pdfft?md5=82d0f3e96005950026c1ac4056206c9f&pid=1-s2.0-S2055664023000444-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138582169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B prevalence and associated factors in adults presenting for infection screening in northern Thailand","authors":"Nicolas Salvadori ,&nbsp;Ludovic Gauthier ,&nbsp;Marine Guy ,&nbsp;Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong ,&nbsp;Woottichai Khamduang ,&nbsp;Luc Decker ,&nbsp;Jullapong Achalapong ,&nbsp;Jean Yves Mary ,&nbsp;Wasna Sirirungsi ,&nbsp;Sakorn Pornprasert ,&nbsp;Surachet Arunothong ,&nbsp;Sumet Ongwandee ,&nbsp;Gonzague Jourdain","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jve.2023.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Hepatitis B is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In view of the World Health Organization 2030 targets, effective screening of chronic infection is crucial. We have assessed the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B surface antigen in adults presenting for screening.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Free-of-charge and anonymous services for simultaneous hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis screening and counseling were provided in four facilities in northern Thailand. Analyses were performed separately in clients born before integration into the 1992 hepatitis B vaccine Thailand's Expanded Program on Immunization and in clients born afterwards.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Between October 2015 and August 2020, hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence was 7.2 % (185/2578) in clients born before 1992 (95 % confidence interval [CI] = 6.2%–8.2 %). In the multivariable analysis, characteristics independently associated with a higher risk of infection were being born male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.49, 95 % CI = 1.10–2.01) and being part of a hill tribe (aOR = 1.65, 95 % CI = 1.01–2.70). Forty-two percent were unaware of their infection. In clients born in 1992 or afterwards, prevalence was 1.5 % (43/2933) (95 % CI = 1.1%–2.0 %) and characteristics independently associated with a higher risk were being born between 1992 and 1995 (aOR = 1.90, 95 % CI = 1.00–3.61), being born male (aOR = 2.60, 95 % CI = 1.34–5.07), being part of a hill tribe (aOR = 5.09, 95 % CI = 2.52–10.26) and having ever injected drugs (aOR = 4.33, 95 % CI = 1.23–15.24).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Risk factor-based screening would miss many chronic hepatitis cases. Screening all adults once in their lifetime may be beneficial until the second generation of immunized infants have reached adult age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664023000420/pdfft?md5=8ef0b8d60deecd6aa025f5d135daec92&pid=1-s2.0-S2055664023000420-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138557779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding participant perspectives around HIV-1 cure-related studies involving antiretroviral analytical treatment interruptions in the United Kingdom","authors":"Ming J. Lee ,&nbsp;Piyumika Godakandaarachchi ,&nbsp;Simon Collins ,&nbsp;Mariusz Racz ,&nbsp;Alice Sharp ,&nbsp;Sarah Fidler ,&nbsp;Julie Fox","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2023.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>To test efficacy, HIV cure-related trials often require a period of intensively monitored interruption of antiretroviral therapy (ART) (analytical treatment interruption or ATI). As individuals who started ART during primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) are often recruited, we have asked people already enrolled into an observational PHI study about their willingness and concerns around participating in cure-related studies involving ATIs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>People who were diagnosed with PHI and started ART, attending two London HIV clinics, provided informed consent to complete a digital survey in clinic between 21/07/21 to October 31, 2023. Questions comprised sociodemographics, motivations, concerns and practical considerations influencing willingness to participate in studies involving ATIs. Hierarchical clustering of responses was performed using the ‘pheatmap’ R statistical package and ranked from most to least concerned. Responses were cross-referenced with enrolment into an ATI study which recruited from this cohort.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 352 eligible participants, 75 completed the survey. The majority were white, cisgender men who have sex with men, 34/75 (45 %) were born outside the UK. 29 (39 %) expressed interest in joining ATI studies. Participants who were interested or unsure in joining ATI studies were primarily motivated (53/65, 82 % very or moderately interested) by an altruistic desire to help scientific research. Across all participants, onward HIV transmission was the predominant concern (67/75, 89 % very or moderately concerned), and similar levels of concerns reported if the HIV-1 viral load threshold to restarting ART was increased from 500 to 50 000 copies/mL. Most participants preferred weekly (23/65, 35 %) or fortnightly (11/65, 17 %) viral load monitoring during an ATI. Before taking part in a study involving an ATI, participants stated they would prefer to discuss this with their HIV doctor (55/65, 85 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this small survey, 39 % of respondents expressed interest in joining studies involving ATIs, primarily for altruistic reasons. Participants were more interested in joining a potential ATI study if a novel intervention was included than simply an ATI alone. The main concern expressed was risk of viral transmission. To inform practical and study design considerations for future ATI studies, unrestricted access for mitigation of transmission risk should be included, and regular, frequent viral load monitoring is preferred.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664023000468/pdfft?md5=724af40c18704304fd6f04939fb68940&pid=1-s2.0-S2055664023000468-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138689876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}