Journal of the South African Veterinary Association最新文献

Airborne bacteria in veterinary surgical theatres in South Africa. 南非兽医手术室中的空气传播细菌。

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.36303/JSAVA.535

C van der Merwe, V Naidoo

{"title":"Airborne bacteria in veterinary surgical theatres in South Africa.","authors":"C van der Merwe, V Naidoo","doi":"10.36303/JSAVA.535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36303/JSAVA.535","url":null,"abstract":"The bioaerosol composition of the theatre environment plays a determining role in the development of surgical site infections (SSIs). It has been demonstrated that the concentration of viable airborne bacteria is influenced by the level of room occupancy, utilisation of surgical attire and importantly, proper ventilation systems, which are often lacking in the average veterinary facility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the airborne bacterial load encountered in non-environmentally controlled small animal veterinary theatres during routine surgical sterilisations, and to correlate these findings with the managerial practices at the facility. Four veterinary facilities with differing throughputs and managerial practices were recruited into the study. Blood agar settle plates, open from first incision to last suture, were used to quantify organisms that could settle in an incision. The 45 plates yielded 487 bacterial isolates (53 species). The Micrococcus (28.8%) and Staphylococcus (16.8%) genera were predominant. Of the isolates 61.8% were classified as human/small animal commensals and 37.2% belonged to species previously implicated in small animal SSIs. Specific trends were additionally evident in the bioaerosol loads. High room occupancy, lack of surgical attire and exposure to the outside environment were associated with higher bacterial counts. Accumulation from consecutive procedures was identified and linked to total occupancy time of the room. Current mitigation measures were not ideal to minimise the SSI risk. Routine, frequent and thorough cleaning in combination with surgical attire utilisation is recommended to reduce the bioburden for patient benefit.","PeriodicalId":17467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Veterinary Association","volume":"94 1","pages":"130-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41136950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urethral cutaneous fistula correction using an autologous tunica vaginalis pedicle flap in a four-year-old intact male German shepherd dog. 在一只四岁的完整雄性德国牧羊犬身上使用自体鞘膜蒂瓣修复尿道皮瘘。

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.36303/JSAVA.558

K M van de Wetering, R C Elliott

{"title":"Urethral cutaneous fistula correction using an autologous tunica vaginalis pedicle flap in a four-year-old intact male German shepherd dog.","authors":"K M van de Wetering, R C Elliott","doi":"10.36303/JSAVA.558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36303/JSAVA.558","url":null,"abstract":"Urethral cutaneous fistulas are rarely reported in dogs. Several techniques have been described to treat urethrocutaneous fistulas with different degrees of success. This case report is on a four-year-old male intact German shepherd diagnosed with urethrocutaneous fistulas after two weeks of dysuria. The urethra was repaired using an autologous tunica vaginalis pedicle flap after open castration and scrotal ablation. The dog was catheterised for two weeks after which a positive contrast urethrogram revealed a healed urethra with no stricture or leakage into surrounding tissue. The dog was discharged the following day after normal urination. Follow-up examination with the referring veterinarian at five months confirmed that the dog was clinically healthy and urinating normally. Literature about urethrocutaneous fistulas is lacking in the small animal field. To our knowledge there are no reports in the literature describing the use of an autologous tunica vaginalis pedicle flap for the repair of a urethral defect in dogs. This case report describes a novel technique to treat urethrocutaneous fistulas in an intact male dog.","PeriodicalId":17467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Veterinary Association","volume":"94 1","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41124609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and safety of three different opioid-based immobilisation combinations in blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi). 三种不同的基于阿片类药物的固定化组合在大白菜中的有效性和安全性。

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.36303/JSAVA.567

A Roug, C Smith, J P Raath, L Cr Meyer, L L Laubscher

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of three different opioid-based immobilisation combinations in blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi).","authors":"A Roug, C Smith, J P Raath, L Cr Meyer, L L Laubscher","doi":"10.36303/JSAVA.567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36303/JSAVA.567","url":null,"abstract":"African wildlife species are increasingly being immobilised with combinations of a low dose of potent opioids combined with medetomidine and azaperone. The physiological effects of these combinations in comparison to conventional potent opioidazaperone combinations have scarcely been evaluated. In this cross-over study conducted on eight captive blesbok, we compared the physiological variables of blesbok immobilised with 2 mg of thiafentanil + 10 mg of azaperone (TA); 0.5 mg thiafentanil + 1.5 mg medetomidine (TM), and 0.5 mg thiafentanil + 1.5. mg medetomidine + 10 mg azaperone (TMA). Thiafentanil's effects were antagonised with naltrexone at 10 mg naltrexone per mg thiafentanil, and the medetomidine effects with atipamezole at 5 mg atipamezole per mg medetomidine. The physiological variables were compared between treatment groups using descriptive statistics and repeated measures ANOVA. The TA combination resulted in the shortest induction and recovery times, higher heart rates, respiratory rates, PaO2, SpO2, and lower MAP and A-a gradients, but with less muscle relaxation. The TM and TMA combinations caused marked bradycardia and hypoxaemia. The hypoxaemia was most severe in animals immobilised with TMA, and four of eight blesbok immobilised had a PaO2 < 35 mmHg at the 10- or 15-minute sampling point. These blesbok were provided supplementary oxygen, which corrected the hypoxaemia. The TA combinations caused the lowest degree of physiological compromise. All three combinations were effective for the immobilisation of blesbok, but as the low-dose thiafentanil and high-dose medetomidine combinations caused marked hypoxaemia, supplementary oxygen is recommended when using these combinations.","PeriodicalId":17467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Veterinary Association","volume":"94 1","pages":"123-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41148966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Life-long learning in laboratory animal science and ethics for veterinary and para-veterinary professionals in South Africa. 南非兽医和准兽医专业人员终身学习实验动物科学和伦理。

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-06-24 DOI: 10.36303/JSAVA.529

A J Mohr, J K Chipangura, T A Fourie, K Jardine, D I Lewis

{"title":"Life-long learning in laboratory animal science and ethics for veterinary and para-veterinary professionals in South Africa.","authors":"A J Mohr, J K Chipangura, T A Fourie, K Jardine, D I Lewis","doi":"10.36303/JSAVA.529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36303/JSAVA.529","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinary and para-veterinary professionals working in the animal research sector are critical to ensure scientific quality and the humane care and use of animals. However, there are few focused education and training opportunities available for these professionals in South Africa. A survey of veterinarians working in animal research, undertaken by the South African Association for Laboratory Animal Science, identified the need for more advanced education and training opportunities beyond the routine Day 1 Skills currently provided for in undergraduate education. These could be broadly categorised into knowledge and skills relating to species-specific husbandry, procedures and clinical approaches, research-related biosecurity and biosafety, and study-specific ethical and animal welfare considerations. A subsequent workshop, attended by 85 veterinary and para-veterinary professionals in the animal research sector, identified 53 life-long learning needs, each with an associated learning outcome, for this professional community. These were grouped into five overarching themes: Personal development (9); Leadership and management skills (12); Education and training skills (5); Welfare, ethics and clinical skills (20); and Regulations and quality-assurance (7). Of the 53 learning outcomes, 14 were knowledge-based, ten were competencies, and 29 both knowledge and competence. These life-long learning opportunities, if available and implemented, will address important needs of veterinary and paraveterinary professionals in the animal research sector in South Africa. This would empower these professionals, assist in improving animal and human wellbeing, support high-quality ethical science, and maintain public confidence in the sector, thus enabling a more satisfactory career environment.","PeriodicalId":17467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Veterinary Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9683860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of the Alivecor KardiaMobile smartphone modulated ECG device for use in horses. Alivecor KardiaMobile智能手机调制心电图设备在马身上的应用。

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.36303/JSAVA.540

G Piketh, A Williams, E C Schliewert

{"title":"Application of the Alivecor KardiaMobile smartphone modulated ECG device for use in horses.","authors":"G Piketh, A Williams, E C Schliewert","doi":"10.36303/JSAVA.540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36303/JSAVA.540","url":null,"abstract":"Electrocardiography is the method used to monitor the electrical impulses in the heart. These diagnostics are increasingly making use of smartphone-based technologies. The objective of this research was to determine whether the Alivecor KardiaMobile (ECGAKM) smartphone-modulated electrocardiographic device, a novel ECG device, can be used to obtain reliable electrocardiogram (ECG) readings in horses. The device was initially tested in 36 Nooitgedacht pony mares to determine the best site of application, method of skin preparation, and ECGAKM device orientation for reliable ECG tracings. Once the most reliable site for ECG acquisition was determined, the device was then applied, in this manner, to 31 Nooitgedacht pony mares and compared with a standard telemetric ECG system (ECGTV). The ECGAKM device was best applied in the fourth intercostal space on the left hemithorax in a vertical orientation and with the skin dampened with 70% ethanol. Mean values determined for RR and QT intervals between the ECGAKMS and ECGTV were not significantly different, however, mean values for the duration of the QRS complexes were significantly different for the two devices. There is acceptable agreement between the ECGTV and ECGAKM devices with regards to the measurement of the PQ; RR and QT intervals but not the QRS duration. The automatically calculated heart rate is not an accurate measure of true heart rate. The Alivecor KardiaMobile (ECGAKM) device can be considered as a simplified screening ECG device in situations where the more standardised system is either unavailable or impractical, but has some limitations.","PeriodicalId":17467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Veterinary Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9689771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hepatic myxosarcoma in a domestic shorthair cat. 家养短毛猫肝黏液肉瘤。

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.36303/JSAVA.537

M Moosavian, R Ghiassi, S S Izadi, P Almasi, R Vahabi, M Fazli

引用次数: 0

A retrospective review of the histopathology of captive hornbill chicks 圈养犀鸟雏鸟的组织病理学回顾

4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.36303/jsava.506

引用次数: 0

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection of goats and sheep in the Khomas region of Namibia 纳米比亚Khomas地区山羊和绵羊刚地弓形虫感染的血清流行率和相关危险因素

4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.36303/jsava.548

A Samkange, S Chitanga, GN Tjipura-Zaire, VG Mutjavikua, JW Smith, L Neves, T Matjila

引用次数: 0

Helminth parasites of impalas, Aepyceros melampus (Lichtenstein) (Ruminantia: Bovidae), in the Kruger National Park, South Africa: infection patterns from birth to adulthood 南非克鲁格国家公园黑斑羚的蠕虫寄生虫(反刍动物目:牛科):从出生到成年的感染模式

4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.36303/jsava.553

IG Horak, K Junker, GJ Gallivan

引用次数: 0

Use of etorphine hydrochloride for immobilisation of Nubian giraffe for wire snare removal: a retrospective study 使用盐酸艾托啡固定努比亚长颈鹿钢丝圈套去除:回顾性研究

4区农林科学

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.36303/jsava.575

S Barnes, J Lubega, K Mama, M Driciru, S Rao, S Ferguson, MJ Sadar

{"title":"Use of etorphine hydrochloride for immobilisation of Nubian giraffe for wire snare removal: a retrospective study","authors":"S Barnes, J Lubega, K Mama, M Driciru, S Rao, S Ferguson, MJ Sadar","doi":"10.36303/jsava.575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36303/jsava.575","url":null,"abstract":"high incidence of reported complications, including mortality during giraffe immobilisations, there is a need for developing and refining techniques and sharing information to facilitate widespread application. This retrospective study utilised immobilisation data acquired during wire snare removals from 80 Nubian giraffe induced with intramuscular etorphine hydrochloride. Recorded data included age (adult, subadult), sex, estimated weight, body condition score, induction and reversal drug dosage, induction time, quality of induction, duration of the procedure, time to reversal administration, and snare wound characteristics. There were no statistically significant differences between males and females for induction quality ( p > 0.99), induction time ( p = 0.72), and procedure time ( p = 0.18). No significant differences were noted between adults and subadults for induction quality ( p = 0.16) and procedure time ( p = 0.35). There was a significant difference in induction time between adults (7.58 ± 0.42 minutes) and subadults (5.65 ± 0.56 minutes) ( p < 0.01). On average, adults received 12.4 mg etorphine while subadults received 11.6 mg. Wound severity did not have a significant impact on induction quality. No mortality was observed. Based on these data, etorphine hydrochloride, followed by rapid reversal, was safe for induction of Nubian giraffe presenting for snare removal and should be considered in similar circumstances.","PeriodicalId":17467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Veterinary Association","volume":"253 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135145287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0