Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of lipiduria in urine from 140 dogs and 74 cats.","authors":"Mario Cervone, Damien Legroux, Gaelle Barral, Eve Ramery","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jvimsj/aalag232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipiduria has recognized physiopathological and diagnostic relevance in human medicine, while data regarding its relevance in animals remain limited.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To determine the frequency of lipiduria in dogs and cats and to assess whether lipiduria represents an epiphenomenon or is associated with animal-related factors.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Urinalysis results from 140 dogs and 74 cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study. Cases were included if complete urinalysis data were available. Animals were classified as lipiduric or non-lipiduric. Animal characteristics, as well as selected hematologic and urinary abnormalities, were compared between groups. In dogs, factors potentially associated with the presence of lipiduria were further evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 58% (125/214) animals were lipiduric, including 46% (64/140) dogs and 82% (61/74) cats. Lipiduria was significantly more frequent in cats (82%) than in dogs (46%) (P < .00001). Among cats, lipiduric individuals were older (mean age 9.5 years; SD ± 4.5; P = .02). In dogs, females (63%; 40/64) were overrepresented in the lipiduric group (P = .0008). Lipiduric dogs had a higher mean urine pH (6.4; SD ± 1.2; P = .00054) and more frequently exhibited struvite crystalluria (17%; 11/64; P = .003). In multivariable analysis, female dogs had 3.5-fold higher odds of lipiduria (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.7-7.3), and the odds of lipiduria increased by 5% for each 0.1-unit increase in urine pH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Lipiduria was a common finding in this study, particularly in cats. In dogs, our findings suggest a potential link between lipiduria, female status, and high urine pH.</p><p><strong>Abstract translated to french: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Sequential measurement of serum amyloid A concentrations in ill hospitalized neonatal foals.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag260","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-marketing safety monitoring of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for diabetes in cats: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FDA ADAE database.","authors":"Xiaoheng Lai, Maohua Chen, Yaping Huang, Yu Cheng","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag193","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bexagliflozin and velagliflozin are currently the only sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating diabetes in cats. There are limited real-world safety reports on their associated adverse events (AEs).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To analyze AEs associated with bexagliflozin and velagliflozin using real-world data from the FDA Animal Drug Adverse Events (ADAE) database.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>None.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AE reports submitted for cats receiving bexagliflozin and velagliflozin. Data were obtained from the ADAE database up to the second quarter of 2025. Disproportionality analysis was conducted employing four algorithms: the reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 34 187 AE reports for cats, 2876 were related to bexagliflozin and 2776 to velagliflozin. AEs associated with bexagliflozin spanned 22 system organ classes (SOCs), with stronger signals observed for weight fluctuation, glucosuria, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Velagliflozin-related AEs occurred in 19 SOCs, with higher RORs for ketonuria, hypochloremia, and acid-base disorders. Bexagliflozin was associated with stronger signals for DKA and ketosis, whereas velagliflozin showed stronger signals for ketonuria and hypochloremia. Velagliflozin-related AEs occurred earlier (median onset: 5 vs. 9 days), resolved more quickly (median duration: 8 vs. 14 days).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>This study provides a comprehensive safety profile of bexagliflozin and velagliflozin for diabetes in cats. These findings support veterinarians in implementing differentiated risk monitoring and individualized therapeutic decisions in the management of diabetes in cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13541280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of canagliflozin treatment on β-cell responsiveness in insulin-dysregulated horses: a 4-week, multi-arm, double-blind, randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Elin Svonni, Sanna Lindåse, Siv Hanche-Olsen, Ingunn Risnes Hellings, Constanze Fintl, Katarina Nostell, Johan Bröjer","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag249","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor canagliflozin (CAN) decreases hyperinsulinemia in insulin-dysregulated (ID) horses, but its effects on pancreatic β-cell responsiveness to glucose are unknown.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Compare the effects of 2 CAN dosages (0.6 and 1.2 mg/kg) with placebo (PBO) on β-cell responsiveness to IV glucose in ID horses using a graded glucose infusion (GGI) test.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Forty-two privately-owned ID horses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Randomized, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, multi-arm, PBO-controlled study. Horses underwent GGI testing before and after 4 weeks of treatment with PO CAN (0.6 or 1.2 mg/kg) or PBO. Indices of β-cell responsiveness included the slope of insulin vs glucose relationship (ΔI vs ΔG) and the ratio of the incremental areas under the curve for insulin and glucose (iAUCINS/iAUCGLU).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Least squares (LS) means ± SEM ΔI vs ΔG values were lower with CAN (0.6 and 1.2 mg/kg) than with PBO (P ≤ .001; 22.0 ± 3.5 and 21.1 ± 3.2 mIU/mmol vs 38.4 ± 3.3 mIU/mmol) with no difference between CAN dosages (P = .96). Geometric LS mean (95% CI) iAUCINS/iAUCGLU values were lower with CAN (0.6 and 1.2 mg/kg) compared with PBO (P ≤ .001; 19.3 [16.5-22.5] and 16.4 [13.9-19.3] mIU/mmol vs 33.1 [28.4-38.7] mIU/mmol).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Canagliflozin decreased β-cell responsiveness to IV glucose in ID horses, representing a key mechanism underlying the hyperinsulinemia-decreasing effect of SGLT2 treatment in horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13644825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of including or excluding endocardial borders on left ventricular wall thickness measurements in cats.","authors":"Maximiliane G Sehn, Yuen Yee Cheuk, Jose Novo Matos, David Brodbelt, Virginia Luis Fuentes","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jvimsj/aalag224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consensus is lacking on which endocardial borders to include when measuring left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) in cats.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>The number of endocardial borders included can influence whether an individual cat is classified as having hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) or not.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Fifty-two cats that previously were diagnosed as either healthy, equivocal for HCM, or having an HCM phenotype.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-center retrospective cross-sectional study. Three observers measured LVWT using 4 different LVWT measurement protocols: leading edge-to-leading edge (L-L); leading edge-to-trailing edge, trailing edge-to-leading edge, and trailing edge-to-trailing edge for the interventricular septum and L-L and trailing edge-to-leading edge methods for the left ventricular free wall (LVFW). Measurements were made using stored echocardiographic images on 2 occasions by 2 observers. A Friedman test and post-hoc Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni correction were performed to detect differences between measurement techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interventricular septum (IVS) wall thickness was significantly larger for leading-edge-to-trailing-edge measurement (median and [interquartile range (IQR)]: 5.5 [3.8-7.2] millimeters) compared with other methods (P < .001). The trailing-edge-to-leading-edge method produced significantly smaller results (4.3 [IQR, 3.4-6.2] millimeters for the interventricular septum and 4.8 [IQR, 3.4-6.2] millimeters for the LVFW) compared with other methods (P < .001). Median IVS thickness measured as leading-edge-to-trailing-edge was 1.2 millimeters larger than when measured as trailing-edge-to-leading-edge.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>LVWT varies depending on the number of endocardial borders included. The number of endocardial borders included in LVWT measurements should be standardized.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echocardiographic characteristics and evidence of ventricular remodeling in subclinical insulin-dysregulated Warmblood horses.","authors":"Megan G Palmisano, Claire Underwood, Jeaneen Sage, Darko Stefanovski, Andrew van Eps, JoAnn Slack","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jvimsj/aalag229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In humans, systemic hypertension and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy are common sequelae of metabolic syndrome and pre-diabetes warranting investigation in horses with insulin dysregulation (ID).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To compare echocardiographic variables, non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP), and adipokines between Warmblood (WB) horses with and without ID.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Nineteen client-owned WB horses, 5-15 years of age, presenting for elective procedures were included. Horses had no history of metabolic disease, ID, laminitis, renal or cardiac disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blinded cross-sectional study. Horses were divided into 2 groups ID and non-ID based on an oral sugar test (T0 insulin ≥20 μIU/mL or T60 or T90 ≥ 30 μIU/mL). Each horse underwent the following: Physical examination, body condition score, body weight, cresty neck score, and measurement of serum leptin, total, and high molecular weight adiponectin concentrations, NIBP, lateromedial radiographs, retroperitoneal fat measurement, short axis M mode echocardiographic evaluation, and 2D speckle tracking (2DST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight horses were categorized as ID, 11 as non-ID. Evidence of LV remodeling was identified in ID horses (P < .05) with greater measurements of LV internal diameter at end diastole (ID 11.77 cm [11.2-12.3]; non-ID 11.10 [10.54-11.85]), interventricular septum at end diastole (ID 3.10 cm [2.81-3.39]; non-ID 2.46 [2.22-2.71]) and end systole (ID 5.18 cm [4.81-5.56]; non-ID 4.29 [4.06-4.51]). 2DST measures were significantly lower in the ID group (P < 0.05). Hypertension was identified in 2 horses, 1 from each group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Horses with mild ID have evidence of LV remodeling supportive of hypertrophy. Cardiovascular changes might be included in the overarching definition of ID.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central nervous system lymphoma and neurolymphomatosis in equids.","authors":"Monica Aleman, Maria I Calero, Kevin D Woolard, Kelly O'Connell, Emily Berryhill, William Vernau","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag143","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lymphoma affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems in equids is rarely reported.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To describe the clinical presentation, neuroanatomical localization, laboratory and pathologic features, type of lymphoma, and outcome to further current knowledge.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Fourteen equids (13 horses, 1 mule).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study. Medical records from a veterinary teaching hospital were reviewed (1993-2025). The inclusion criteria consisted of a definitive diagnosis of lymphoma of the nervous system. Data collected included signalment, neurologic findings, laboratory results, imaging, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, immunophenotyping, and necropsy examination. Descriptive statistics were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nervous system lymphoma, either primary or concurrent with multicentric lymphoma, accounted for 11.6% of lymphoma cases. Multifocal neurologic disease was the most common presentation. Common hematologic findings included leukocytosis with neutrophilia, normal plasma fibrinogen concentration, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and red cell distribution width-to-platelet ratios, and hypocalcemia. Cytology of the CSF provided a definitive diagnosis in 56% of sampled cases. Prognosis was poor with a median survival time of 4.5 days from diagnosis. All lymphomas were of B-cell origin, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma, and T-cell-rich large B-cell lymphoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Nervous system lymphoma in equids might be more common than previously reported. Primary nervous system small lymphocytic B-cell lymphoma in a horse and multifocal nervous system lymphoma in a mule have not been reported previously. Analysis of CSF is useful in the antemortem diagnosis of central nervous system lymphoma. Neurologic examination, CSF analysis, and necropsy should be routinely performed in cases of multicentric lymphoma to rule out neurologic involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13419072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148620676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of ultrasound-guided percutaneous perineural corticosteroid injections for refractory cervical pain secondary to vertebral venous system abnormality in a dog.","authors":"Alyssa J Carrillo, Federico R Vilaplana Grosso, Gabriel A Garcia","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag148","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 2-year-old neutered male Greyhound was presented for evaluation of chronic, progressive right forelimb lameness and cervical pain. On presentation, the dog was ambulatory with mild to moderate right thoracic limb lameness and pain on cervical palpation with a right thoracic limb nerve root signature. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified moderate right-sided C6 internal venous plexus enlargement. Medical management and physiotherapy did not result in clinical improvement. Repeat cervical MRI identified right-sided C5-T1 internal vertebral venous plexus enlargement with associated radiculopathy and possible dynamic spinal cord compression. Three ultrasound-guided perineural glucocorticoid injections (methylprednisolone acetate, 1 mg/kg per site) were performed at right C5-C6, C6-C7, and C7-T1 with improvement noted in lameness and cervical discomfort. No adverse effects were associated with the injections. This case highlights use of ultrasound-guided perineural glucocorticoid injections as a potential option for improving refractory cervical pain secondary to vertebral venous system abnormalities in a dog.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13379067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148471516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dachshund spinal health by coat and size type.","authors":"Madison Hopper, Chin-Chi Liu, Colleen Embersics, Arturo Otamendi, Stacey Sullivan","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag153","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A prior report demonstrated that intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) risk varies in dachshunds by size-coat type, suggesting that coat and size genes affect IVDD risk. The furnishings (wire) coat gene, R-spondin-2, affects disc health in dogs, making such a role plausible.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Identify differences in spinal health metrics (SHMs): by coat type, within a coat type by size, and by size-coat type.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Dachshunds (n = 4295) with known SHMs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study reporting SHMs by coat and size type in dachshund populations in the United Kingdom (UK), Norway, and Denmark. For the UK population, a binary logistic regression was fitted with owner-reported disc disease status (yes vs no) as the outcome variable. For Denmark and Norway, populations were analyzed using proportional-odds ordinal logistic regression models, with calcification number (KN) groups (K0, K1/2, K3/4, and K5+) as the ordinal outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all 3 populations, smooth coat was associated with worse SHMs compared with other coat types (eg, Norway vs long; odds ratio [OR], 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58-2.83; overall OR range, 1.81-2.59). Within a coat type, size was inconsistently associated with SHMs. In 12 of 15 comparisons, small smooth dachshunds had worse SHMs compared with other size-coat types (eg, Norway vs standard long; OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 2.19-5.79; range, 1.80-5.40).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Dachshund spinal health varies by coat and inconsistently by size type. Coat and size genes may be factors that determine IVDD risk in dachshunds.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148630225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of gastrointestinal health and the coagulation system in dogs with right-sided heart disease: an exploratory study.","authors":"Sarah Shropshire, Sara Jablonski, Brian A Scansen","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag160","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Right-sided heart disease (RHD) affects gastrointestinal function and hemostasis.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Dogs with progressively severe RHD have impaired gastrointestinal function and altered hemostasis.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Eighteen client-owned dogs with RHD; group 1: 6 dogs without hepatic venous congestion, group 2: 6 dogs with hepatic venous congestion but no ascites, and group 3: 6 dogs with ascites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective, cross-sectional, exploratory study. Dogs underwent routine blood, urine, and fecal testing, measures of gastrointestinal health, coagulation testing, C-reactive protein (CRP), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and comprehensive echocardiography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Right atrial area higher from groups 1 to 3 (1.34 ± 0.66, 2.48 ± 1.33, 3.1 ± 0.93 cm2/kg0.71; P = .02). NT-proBNP (median; range) higher across group 1 (821; 493-3016 pmol/L), group 2 (1694; 1125-8117 pmol/L), and group 3 (5165; 3492-10 000 pmol/L) (P = .006). Measures of gastrointestinal dysfunction including serum methylmalonic acid (group 1 = 857.5 ± 322.6; group 2 = 1031.1 ± 222.5; and group 3 = 1460.5 ± 516.3 nmol/L; P = .037) and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (group 1 median = 9.3, range = 5.6-11.5; group 2 = 10.1, 8.0-20.4; and group 3 = 13.8, 10.3-17.5 ng/mL) were worse in more severely affected dogs (P = .032). Hyperfibrinolysis was observed with worsening RHD (none in group 1, 2 in group 2, and 3 in group 3). Activated partial thromboplastin time was higher with disease severity. No difference was detected among groups in cobalamin, folate, or CRP (all P > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Clinicians should be aware of derangements within the gut-heart axis and coagulation system when managing dogs with RHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}