Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Semiautomatic volumetry of the temporal lobes of the brain and correlation with electroencephalography results in dogs with assumed idiopathic epilepsy.","authors":"Paulina Kinga Drobot, Aleksandra Banasik, Karolina Owsińska-Schmidt, Marcin Wrzosek, Przemysław Podgórski","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lesions causing refractory epilepsy, often associated with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), can be undetectable on standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in dogs. Automated brain volumetry, widely used in human medicine, can now be applied in veterinary medicine because of the availability of brain atlases.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop an automatic volumetry method, translate the outcomes into the assessment of temporal lobe volumes in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy, and correlate the results with the electroencephalography (EEG) data of epileptiform discharges (EDs).</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Thirty-one dogs of various breeds with dominant temporal lobe discharge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective, observational study. The MRI and EEG examination results of dogs referred for neurological diagnosis data between 2016 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. An automated volumetry method was developed, which allowed the evaluation of temporal lobe volumes of the dogs. The asymmetric ratio (AR) was then estimated, and the results were correlated with the EEG EDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>12/31 (38%; 95% CI: 21.8%-57.8%) dogs had an asymmetric ratio >6%. Among them, reduction in temporal lobe volumes correlated with the side of the EEG EDs in 7 cases. There was no statistical correlation between temporal lobe volume changes and ED location.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Preliminary volumetric analysis of the temporal lobes indicates the presence of volume differences between the lobes in some dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. Diagnosis of TLE in dogs based on MRI volumetry in correlation with EEG examination, especially for dogs with drug-resistant epilepsy, can influence the development of new therapeutic options, such as surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association among raised intraventricular pressure, clinical signs, and magnetic resonance imaging findings in dogs with congenital internal hydrocephalus.","authors":"Daniela Farke, Agnieszka Olszewska, Kathrin Büttner, Martin J Schmidt","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dogs with internal hydrocephalus do not necessarily have high intraventricular pressure (IVP).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Not all reported MRI findings indicate high IVP and some clinical signs might be associated with elevated IVP and syringomyelia.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Fifty-three dogs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study. Clinical signs and MRI findings were evaluated for an association of IVP >12 mm Hg and syringomyelia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High IVP was associated with obtundation OR 4.64 (95% CI 1.27-16.93) (P = .02), head tilt OR 6.42 (95% CI 1.08-37.97) (P = .04) and nystagmus OR 8.24 (95% CI 1.44-47.07) (P = .02). Pain was associated with syringomyelia OR 3.4 (95% CI 0.98-11.78) (P = .05). The number of affected ventricles was associated with high IVP OR 2.85 (95% CI 0.97-8.33) (P = .05) and syringomyelia OR 12.74 (95% CI 2.93-55.4) (P = .0007). Periventricular edema OR 24.46 (95% CI 4.54-131.77), OR 7.61 (95% CI 1.91-30.32) (P < .0002, P = .004) and signal void sign OR 17.34 (95% CI 4.01-74.95), OR 4.18 (95% CI 1.16-15.02) (P < .0001, P = .03) were associated with high IVP and syringomyelia. The probability for syringomyelia is lower with disruption of the internal capsule OR 0.19 (95% CI 0.05-0.72) (P = .01) and higher VBR OR 0.25 (95% CI 0.1-0.63) (P = .004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Previously reported MRI findings are not predictive of high IVP. Clinical signs and MRI findings should be used to make a diagnosis of internal hydrocephalus in dogs with or without high IVP.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacodynamics of 2 dosages of orally administered esomeprazole in client-owned, healthy dogs: A prospective, crossover study.","authors":"Abby Ostronic, Christine Gremillion, Song Zhang, Joerg M Steiner, M Katherine Tolbert, Emily N Gould","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esomeprazole use is increasing in dogs, but the gastrointestinal adverse events associated with q12h dosing necessitate pharmacodynamic evaluation of a reduced dose and frequency of administration.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the efficacy of 2 doses of (q24h) esomeprazole in raising intragastric pH in dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Nine healthy, client-owned dogs, >20 kg.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective, randomized, double blinded, crossover study. Esomeprazole (0.5 or 1 mg/kg q24h) was orally administered for up to 5 days per treatment arm, and the mean percentage time intragastric pH was ≥3 (MPT3) and ≥4 (MPT4) for 24 hours periods were compared to pretreatment pH using a continuous pH monitoring system. Dogs failing to reach pH goals (MPT3 ≥75%, MPT4 ≥66%) with once daily dosing received esomeprazole 1 mg/kg PO q12h to determine if a higher dose would improve acid suppression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference in the MPT3 or MPT4 was identified between treatments for any time point (P > .05). Both doses increased the MPT pH ≥3 and 4 median [range] (0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg) on days 1 (MPT3: 76.8% [44-100], 69.2% [28.2-100]; MPT4: 65.6% [16.7-99.3], 54.9% [14.9-93.3]; P = .0009) and 2 (MPT3:77.2% [27.4-100], 75.4% [49.4-89.5]; MPT4: 66.3% [15.5-100], 59.7% [33.8-81.2]; P = .0005) of PPI treatment compared to pretreatment (MPT3: 58.3% [0.02-93.9], 52.6% [6.1-94.7]; MPT4: 25.2% [0-86.8], 32.4% [1.8-89.3]). Six dogs (66%, [0.36, 0.97]) reached pH goals established in humans with q24h dosing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Both q24h PO esomeprazole doses were effective in raising intragastric pH, despite high intersubject variability, but 33% of dogs required q12h dosing to reach pH goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical findings, prognostic factors, and outcome of protein-losing nephropathy in cats: A retrospective study.","authors":"Noam Sugar, Hilla Chen, Gilad Segev","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary glomerular disease resulting in protein-losing nephropathy (PLN) is an uncommon cause of chronic kidney disease in cats, yet is important to recognize because it warrants specific treatment that impacts outcome.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objective: </strong>Characterize clinicopathologic findings, prognostic indicators, and short- (≤30 days) and long-term survival of cats with PLN.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Thirty-seven cats with naturally occurring PLN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of cats with PLN admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital were retrospectively reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median age was 3 years (range, 1.5-11.5 years) and 17/37 (46%) were males. Short-term survival was 57%. The estimated median survival time of all cats was 424 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 0-1098 days). Common clinical signs included lethargy (57%), edema (46%) and weight loss (35%). Edema was more common in short-term survivors compared with nonsurvivors (odds ratio [OR], 0.21; 95% CI, 0.05-0.86-20.4; P = .04). Serum creatinine concentration at presentation was negatively associated with long-term survival (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.03-1.52; P = .01). Administration of immunosuppressive and antiproteinuric medications was more common among short-term survivors compared with nonsurvivors (18/20 [90%] vs 9/16 [56%]; OR, 7.0; 95% CI, 1.2-40.8; P = .05 and 17/20 [85%] vs 7/16 [44%]; OR, 7.3; 95% CI, 1.5-35.2; P = .01, respectively). Partial or complete remission was documented in 11/31 (36%) cats and was associated with both short (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.7-6.5; P < .001) and long-term survival (P = .003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical importance: </strong>Cats with PLN have a guarded prognosis, but achieving remission improves outcome. Cats presented with edema rather than azotemia are more likely to respond to treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of serum chloride concentrations with components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in a dog with congestive heart failure.","authors":"Cailey Banken, Autumn N Harris, Rachel Conway, Eduardo J Benjamin, Robin Shoemaker, Darcy Adin","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 7-year-old male castrated Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was hospitalized for 12 days for treatment of severe congestive heart failure secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease. During that time, 6 serum samples from different days were analyzed for serum biochemical and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system components. Serum chloride concentrations (ranging from 71.6 to 103.1 mmol/L) were inversely related to angiotensin I concentrations, aldosterone concentrations, a surrogate marker of renin activity, and a surrogate marker of adrenal responsiveness to angiotensin II. In light of recent studies showing that hypochloremia is associated with advanced heart failure in dogs and is associated with poor outcomes in people, the information from the dog in this report supports exploration of RAAS dysregulation as an underlying mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen consumption, locomotory-respiratory coupling and exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses during the Paso Fino gait.","authors":"Shannon Massie, Renaud Léguillette, Warwick Bayly, Ray Sides, Angélica María Zuluaga-Cabrera","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Workload associated with the high frequency Colombian Paso Fino gait has not been evaluated.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the oxygen consumption (V̇O₂), heart rate (HR), stride frequency: breathing ratio, and hematology associated with the Paso Fino gait, including whether exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) occurs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Eleven Paso Fino horses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective cohort study. Horses performed a standardized Paso Fino gait test across a wooden sounding board, simulating competition. V̇O₂ and ventilatory parameters (tidal volume [V_T]; peak inspiratory and expiratory airflows [PkV̇_I, PkV̇_E]; respiratory rate [RR], minute ventilation [V̇E]) were measured using a portable ergospirometry facemask. Heart rate was measured using electrocardiograms. Post-exercise lactate, hematocrit, bicarbonate, pH, electrolytes, and biochemistry concentrations were measured. EIPH was assessed via tracheobronchoscopy. Four horses completed a secondary high-intensity gallop to elicit peak V̇O₂ for comparative purposes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median [IQR] mean individual HR during the Paso Fino gait was 190 [178, 201] bpm. Relative V̇O₂ measured 49.8 [48.4, 59.5] mL/(kg min; V_T = 8.6 [8.0, 10.7] L; RR = 87.1 [75.4, 99.5] bpm; V̇E = 869 [740, 902] L/min; PkV̇_I = 33.4 [32.7, 37.2] L/s; PkV̇_E = 44.2 [40.3, 46.0] L/s). Horses took 2.8 [2.7, 2.9] strides/second and had a stride frequency: breathing ratio of 2.0 [1.8, 2.3]. Post-exercise blood lactate concentration and hematocrit measured 2.7 mmol/L and 50% respectively. Three horses showed endoscopic evidence of Grade-1 EIPH. The Paso Fino gait V̇O₂ and HR equaled 79% V̇O₂pk and 91% maximal HR, respectively, based on the high-intensity gallop.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>The Paso Fino gait represents submaximal exercise based on V̇O₂ < V̇O₂pk and blood lactate.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicenter study of factors associated with nonsurvival in hospitalized periparturient goats.","authors":"Daniela Luethy, Catalina Cabrera, Lisette M Coll-Roman, Ashley R VanderBroek, Anje G Bauck, Jenna W Stockler, Clare Scully, Audrey A Kelleman, Evelyn E Mackay, Sarah M Depenbrock, Marie-Eve Fecteau, Michelle Abraham, Laurence Leduc, Charlene V Noll, Jorge A Hernandez","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periparturient reproductive complications appear to be common in hospitalized goats. More information is needed about periparturient reproductive complications and survival in goats with these conditions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Identify exposure factors associated with nonsurvival in periparturient does hospitalized ≤1 day or ≥2 days.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 198 periparturient does presented to 9 university veterinary hospitals from October 2021 to June 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicenter, matched case-control study. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify exposure factors associated with nonsurvival in periparturient does hospitalized ≤1 day or ≥2 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall doe survival was 79% (156/198). Survival in the 1st day of hospitalization was 71% (52/73) and survival in does hospitalized ≥2 days was 83% (104/125). Among goats hospitalized ≤1 day, labor duration before admission (odds ratio [OR] = 4.8; P = .04), uterine tears (OR = 48.2; P < .001), and vaginal/perineal trauma diagnosed during hospitalization (OR = 6.2; P = .03) were associated with nonsurvival. Among goats hospitalized ≥2 days, factors associated with nonsurvival included labor duration before admission (OR = 6.2; P = .004), pregnancy toxemia (OR = 6.07; P = .04), and Cesarean section (OR = 11.35; P = .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Longer labor duration before admission is an important predictor of nonsurvival in hospitalized does. Clients should be educated that early detection and veterinary care are critical for improving outcome in periparturient does.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of oxidative stress in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Hilla Chen, Gilad Segev","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidative stress is a potential contributor to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression but has not been evaluated in dogs and cats with CKD.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Oxidative stress is higher in animals with CKD compared with healthy controls and decreases with the advancing CKD stage. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and intensity of oxidative stress in dogs and cats at different CKD stages.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Sixty dogs and 30 cats with naturally acquired CKD; 10 dogs and 14 cats, healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analytical cross-sectional study. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the urinary concentration of F2-isoprostane (uF2-IsoPs) normalized to urinary creatinine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Urinary F2-isoprostanes normalized to urinary creatinine of healthy dogs and of dogs with CKD Stages 1 to 4 was 3.3 ng/mg, 4.7 ng/mg (range, 1.0-73.4), 2.4 ng/mg (range, 0.4-7.8), 0.52 ng/mg (range, 0.01-2.9), and 0.37 ng/mg (range, 0.01-0.6), respectively. Urinary F2-isoprostanes differed among CKD stages (P < .001), but not compared with controls. uF2-IsoPs of healthy cats and cats with CKD Stages 1 to 4 was 0.68 ng/mg (range, 0.2-1.4), 0.97 ng/mg (range, 0.4-1.8), 0.6 ng/mg (range, 0.002-2.0), 0.94 ng/mg (range, 0.3-2.3), and 0.2 ng/mg (range, 0.01-0.4). Urinary F2-isoprostanes differed among stages (P = .05) but not compared with healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical importance: </strong>Oxidative stress might be present in dogs and cats with CKD. Its magnitude declines as the disease progresses, therefore, it should be considered a potential therapeutic target mostly at the early stages of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings 34th Symposium ESVN-ECVN 23rd-24th September 2022.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17218","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of a customized glycemic pellets challenge with the oral sugar test to measure glycemic and insulinemic responses in horses.","authors":"Kristen Thane, Johanna Sonntag, Tobias Warnken, Dania Reiche, Cassandra Uricchio, Nicholas Frank","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Testing for insulin dysregulation (ID) in horses is commonly performed to guide management and therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate a newly developed glycemic pellets challenge (GPC) and compare results to those obtained using the low-dose oral sugar test (OST).</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Twenty-four adult horses with unknown insulin status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized crossover trial was performed. Horses underwent GPC (0.5 g glycemic carbohydrates/kg body weight) and OST (0.15 mL corn syrup/kg body weight) 7 days apart. Feed was withheld before testing and blood samples were collected at T0, T60, T120, and T180 minutes for GPC and at T0, T60, and T90 minutes for OST. Blood glucose concentration was measured using a point-of-care glucometer and insulin by radioimmunoassay. Comparisons were made using nonparametric tests, linear regression, and Bland-Altman agreement analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen horses consumed >85% of the GPC pellets within 10 minutes and had acceptable OST results. Maximum glucose (P = .02) and insulin (P = .007) concentrations were significantly higher for GPC compared with OST. Time to maximum insulin concentration (Tmax[ins]) varied within and between tests and neither Tmax[ins] (P = .28) nor maximum insulin concentration (P = .46) was correlated with the time horses took to consume pellets.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The GPC is well tolerated and may offer another diagnostic testing modality for ID. Blood glucose and insulin concentrations increase during GPC and reach higher concentrations than observed with low-dose OST. The Tmax[ins] varied for GPC and OST, emphasizing the importance of identifying the optimal time range for the collection of samples to capture diagnostically relevant changes in insulin concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}