Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A multi-institutional study evaluating the diagnostic utility of the spec cPL™ and SNAP® cPL™ in clinical acute pancreatitis in 84 dogs.","authors":"K McCord,&nbsp;P S Morley,&nbsp;J Armstrong,&nbsp;K Simpson,&nbsp;M Rishniw,&nbsp;M A Forman,&nbsp;D Biller,&nbsp;N Parnell,&nbsp;K Arnell,&nbsp;S Hill,&nbsp;S Avgeris,&nbsp;H Gittelman,&nbsp;M Moore,&nbsp;M Hitt,&nbsp;G Oswald,&nbsp;S Marks,&nbsp;D Burney,&nbsp;D Twedt","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00951.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00951.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreas-specific lipase is reported to aid in diagnosing acute pancreatitis (AP) in dogs but has not been rigorously evaluated clinically.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To describe variability of disease in dogs with suspected clinical AP, and to evaluate accuracy of 2 pancreatic-specific lipase immunoassays, Spec cPL (SPEC) and SNAP cPL (SNAP), in diagnosing clinical AP. We hypothesized that SPEC and SNAP provide better diagnostic accuracy than serum amylase or total lipase.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 84 dogs; 27 without AP and 57 with clinical signs associated with AP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicenter study. Dogs were prospectively enrolled based upon initial history and physical examination, then retrospectively classified into groups according to the likelihood of having clinical AP by a consensus of experts blinded to SPEC and SNAP results. Bayesian latent class analyses were used to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of SPEC and SNAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The estimates for test sensitivities and specificities, respectively, ranged between 91.5-94.1% and 71.1-77.5% for SNAP, 86.5-93.6% and 66.3-77.0% for SPEC (cutoff value of 200 μg/L), 71.7-77.8% and 80.5-88.0% for SPEC (cutoff value of 400 μg/L), and were 52.4-56.0% and 76.7-80.6% for amylase, and 43.4-53.6% and 89.3-92.5% for lipase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>SNAP and SPEC have higher sensitivity for diagnosing clinical AP than does measurement of serum amylase or lipase activity. A positive SPEC or SNAP has a good positive predictive value (PPV) in populations likely to have AP and a good negative predictive value (NPV) when there is low prevalence of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00951.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30673658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous hypertonic saline solution (7.5%) and oral electrolytes to treat of calves with noninfectious diarrhea and metabolic acidosis.","authors":"M L R Leal,&nbsp;S S Fialho,&nbsp;F C Cyrillo,&nbsp;H G Bertagnon,&nbsp;E L Ortolani,&nbsp;F J Benesi","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00960.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00960.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of treating osmotic diarrhea and dehydration in calves with hypertonic saline solution (HSS) IV, isotonic electrolyte solution (IES) PO, and a combination of these 2 solutions (HSS + IES).</p><p><strong>Experimental design: </strong>Eighteen male calves 8-30 days of age were used to evaluate the efficacy of 3 methods of fluid therapy after induction of osmotic diarrhea and dehydration. The diarrhea and dehydration were induced by administration of saccharose, spironolactone, and hydrochlorothiazide for 48 hours. The animals were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: Group 1: 7.2% hypertonic saline solution-HSS (5 mL/kg IV); Group 2: oral isotonic electrolyte solution IES (60 mL/kg PO); or Group 3: HSS+IES. Clinical signs and laboratory finding observed 48 hours post-induction (Time 0) included diarrhea, dehydration, lethargy, and metabolic acidosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Calves treated with HSS + IES experienced decreases in hematocrit, total protein concentration, albumin concentration, urea nitrogen concentration, and plasma volume as well as increases in blood pH, blood bicarbonate concentration, and central venous pressure between 1 and 3 hours post-treatment. These findings also were observed in animals treated with IES, however, at a slower rate than in the HSS + IES-treated animals. Animals treated with HSS continued to display signs of dehydration, lethargy, and metabolic acidosis 24 hours post-treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment with a combination of HSS and IES produced rapid and sustainable correction of hypovolemia and metabolic acidosis in calves with noninfections diarrhea and dehydration.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00960.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30699554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant human thyrotropin in veterinary medicine: current use and future perspectives.","authors":"M Campos,&nbsp;I van Hoek,&nbsp;K Peremans,&nbsp;S Daminet","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00950.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00950.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) was developed after bovine thyrotropin (bTSH) was no longer commercially available. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) as an aid to diagnostic follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in humans and for thyroid remnant ablation with radioiodine. In addition, rhTSH is used in human medicine to evaluate thyroid reserve capacity and to enhance radioiodine uptake in patients with metastatic thyroid cancer and multinodular goiter. Likewise, rhTSH has been used in veterinary medicine over the last decade. The most important veterinary use of rhTSH is thyroidal functional reserve testing for the diagnosis of canine hypothyroidism. Recent pilot studies performed at Ghent University in Belgium have investigated the use of rhTSH to optimize radioiodine treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma and feline hyperthyroidism. Radioiodine treatment optimization may allow a decreased therapeutic dosage of radioiodine and thus may improve radioprotection. This review outlines the current uses of rhTSH in human and veterinary medicine, emphasizing research performed in dogs and cats, as well as potential future applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00950.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30672980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of asinine herpesvirus-5 with pyogranulomatous pneumonia in a mare.","authors":"F Gomez De Witte,&nbsp;N Frank,&nbsp;R P Wilkes,&nbsp;J M Novak","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00943.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00943.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00943.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30626043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum D-lactate concentrations in cats with gastrointestinal disease.","authors":"R A Packer,&nbsp;G E Moore,&nbsp;C-Y Chang,&nbsp;G A Zello,&nbsp;S Abeysekara,&nbsp;J M Naylor,&nbsp;J M Steiner,&nbsp;J S Suchodolski,&nbsp;D P O'Brien","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00936.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00936.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increased D-lactate concentrations cause neurological signs in humans with gastrointestinal disease.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To determine if serum D-lactate concentrations are increased in cats with gastrointestinal disease compared to healthy controls, and if concentrations correlate with specific neurological or gastrointestinal abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Systematically selected serum samples submitted to the Gastrointestinal Laboratory at Texas A&M University from 100 cats with clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease and abnormal gastrointestinal function tests, and 30 healthy cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Case-control study in which serum D- and L-lactate concentrations and retrospective data on clinical signs were compared between 30 healthy cats and 100 cats with gastrointestinal disease. Association of D-lactate concentration with tests of GI dysfunction and neurological signs was evaluated by multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 100 cats had a history of abnormal gastrointestinal signs and abnormal gastrointestinal function test results. Thirty-one cats had definitive or subjective neurological abnormalities. D-lactate concentrations of cats with gastrointestinal disease (median 0.36, range 0.04-8.33 mmol/L) were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (median 0.22, range 0.04-0.87 mmol/L; P = .022). L-lactate concentrations were not significantly different between the 2 groups of cats with gastrointestinal disease and healthy controls. D-lactate concentrations were not significantly associated with fPLI, fTLI, cobalamin, folate, or neurological abnormalities (P > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>D-lactate concentrations can be increased in cats with gastrointestinal disease. These findings warrant additional investigations into the role of intestinal microbiota derangements in cats with gastrointestinal disease, and the association of D-lactate and neurological abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00936.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40168639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadly reactive polymerase chain reaction for pathogen detection in canine granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis and necrotizing meningoencephalitis.","authors":"R M Barber,&nbsp;B F Porter,&nbsp;Q Li,&nbsp;M May,&nbsp;M K Claiborne,&nbsp;A B Allison,&nbsp;E W Howerth,&nbsp;A Butler,&nbsp;S Wei,&nbsp;J M Levine,&nbsp;G J Levine,&nbsp;D R Brown,&nbsp;S J Schatzberg","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00954.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00954.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME) and necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) are common inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system of dogs. Infectious pathogens, particularly viruses, are suspected to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of GME and NME.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Broadly reactive PCR might aid in the identification of infectious agents in GME and NME.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Sixty-eight client-owned dogs evaluated by necropsy at 1 university referral hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed prospective/retrospective case-control study was performed. Brain tissue prospectively collected at necropsy from GME, NME, and control cases was evaluated by broadly reactive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for adenoviruses, bunyaviruses, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, flaviviruses, herpesviruses, paramyxoviruses, and parechoviruses. In addition, these tissues were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of mycoplasmas by PCR, culture, and immunohistochemistry (IHC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brain tissue was collected from 11 GME and 27 NME cases and 30 controls. Viral nucleic acids were not identified in the 6 GME cases, 25 NME cases, and 2 controls evaluated by viral PCR. Mycoplasma canis was identified by Mycoplasma genus PCR in 1/5 GME and 4/25 NME cases and subsequently was cultured from 4/5 GME and 4/8 NME cases as well as 2/9 controls. The IHC did not detect M. canis in any of the 11 GME and 27 NME cases or 14 controls evaluated with strain PG14 polyclonal antiserum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>The negative results suggest that viral pathogens are not common in the brain tissue of dogs with GME and NME. Further investigation is warranted to determine the importance of M . canis in cases of GME and NME.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00954.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30681432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equine multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) associated with seasonal pasture myopathy in the midwestern United States.","authors":"B T Sponseller,&nbsp;S J Valberg,&nbsp;N E Schultz,&nbsp;H Bedford,&nbsp;D M Wong,&nbsp;K Kersh,&nbsp;G D Shelton","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00957.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00957.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Seasonal pasture myopathy (SPM) is a highly fatal form of nonexertional rhabdomyolysis that occurs in pastured horses in the United States during autumn or spring. In Europe, a similar condition, atypical myopathy (AM), is common. Recently, a defect of lipid metabolism, multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD), has been identified in horses with AM.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if SPM in the United States is caused by MADD.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Six horses diagnosed with SPM based on history, clinical signs, and serum creatine kinase activity, or postmortem findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective descriptive study. Submissions to the Neuromuscular Diagnostic Laboratory at the University of Minnesota were reviewed between April 2009 and January 2010 to identify cases of SPM. Inclusion criteria were pastured, presenting with acute nonexertional rhabdomyolysis, and serum, urine, or muscle samples available for analysis. Horses were evaluated for MADD by urine organic acids, serum acylcarnitines, muscle carnitine, or histopathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six horses had clinical signs and, where performed (4/6 horses), postmortem findings consistent with SPM. Affected muscle (4/4) showed degeneration with intramyofiber lipid accumulation, decreased free carnitine concentration, and increased carnitine esters. Serum acylcarnitine profiles (3/3) showed increases in short- and medium-chain acylcarnitines and urinary organic acid profiles (3/3) revealed increased ethylmalonic and methylsuccinic acid levels, and glycine conjugates, consistent with equine MADD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Similar to AM, the biochemical defect causing SPM is MADD, which causes defective muscular lipid metabolism and excessive myofiber lipid content. Diagnosis can be made by assessing serum acylcarnitine and urine organic acid profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00957.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30698966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laminar regulation of STAT1 and STAT3 in black walnut extract and carbohydrate overload induced models of laminitis.","authors":"B S Leise,&nbsp;M Watts,&nbsp;E Tanhoff,&nbsp;P J Johnson,&nbsp;S J Black,&nbsp;J K Belknap","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00944.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00944.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>STAT1 and STAT3 are important signaling molecules in disorders of systemic inflammation and are likely to be involved in laminitis, as laminar and systemic inflammation have been well documented in experimental models of laminitis.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>The STAT1 and STAT3 activation (via phosphorylation of tyrosine and serine moieties) is occurring in the laminar tissue during the developmental and onset of lameness time points in both the black walnut extract (BWE) and carbohydrate overload (CHO) models of laminitis.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Archived laminar tissue from horses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experimental studies of induced laminitis (BWE and CHO administration) in horses were conducted and laminar tissue samples archived. Western hybridization was performed to determine concentrations of Tyr- and Ser-phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT3 from these archived samples. The RT-qPCR was also performed to assess mRNA concentrations of target genes of STAT1 and STAT3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increases (P < .05) in phosphorylation of tyrosine705 and serine727 of STAT3, demonstrated by band intensity ratios, are present in laminar tissue from both the BWE and CHO models at the DEV and OG1 time points. No change in phosphorylation of tyrosine701 or serine727 of STAT1 was present in the laminar tissue from either the BWE or the CHO models. The SOCS3 mRNA concentrations were increased at the onset of lameness in both the CHO and BWE models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>The STAT3 activation likely plays a role in equine laminitis, similar to its reported involvement in organ injury/failure in human sepsis. Regulation of JAK-STAT, through STAT3 inhibitors, might serve as potential therapeutic target for controlling the inflammatory response in the septic horse.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00944.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30769052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic frequency, response to therapy, and long-term prognosis among horses and ponies with pituitary par intermedia dysfunction, 1993-2004.","authors":"B W Rohrbach,&nbsp;J R Stafford,&nbsp;R S W Clermont,&nbsp;S M Reed,&nbsp;H C Schott,&nbsp;F M Andrews","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00932.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00932.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is common in older horses.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine diagnosis frequency, prognostic factors, long-term survival, and owner satisfaction with treatment.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Medical records from horses diagnosed with PPID, 1993-2004.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort design with data collected from the Veterinary Medical Data Base (VMDB) and a cohort of 3 VTHs. Proportional accessions, annual incidence, and demographics were compared for all accessions. During the same period, a subset of medical records (n = 44) was extracted and owners (n = 34) contacted to obtain long-term follow-up information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diagnoses of PPID were reported for 217 horses that presented to VTHs and were reported to the VMDB. Proportional diagnosis increased from 0.25/1,000 in 1993 to 3.72/1,000 in 2002. For 44 horses included in the follow-up study, the most commons signs were hirsutism (84%) and laminitis (50%). Of 34 horse owners contacted, the average time from onset of signs to diagnosis was 180 days. Improvement in ≥ 1 signs, 2 months after diagnosis, was reported by 9/22 (41%) of horse owners. Clinical signs and clinicopathologic data were not associated with survival, and 50% of horses were alive 4.6 years after diagnosis. Cause of death among horses (15/20; 85%) was euthanasia, and 11/15 (73%) were euthanized because of conditions associated with PPID. Most horse owners (28/29; 97%) said they would treat a second horse for PPID.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical importance: </strong>PPID was diagnosed with increasing frequency, and 50% of horses survived 4.5 years after diagnosis. Owners were satisfied with their horses' quality of life and would treat a second horse if diagnosed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00932.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40175341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in premature calves.","authors":"H Guzelbektes,&nbsp;A Coskun,&nbsp;M Ok,&nbsp;U Aydogdu,&nbsp;I Sen","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00934.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00934.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is the presence of gastric contents proximal to the stomach. Pathologic consequences secondary to GER are termed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of GER and GERD in premature calves by endoscopic examination.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Ten healthy and 51 premature calves were included in the study. All premature calves also had respiratory distress syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Esophagoscopy of premature calves was conducted by fiber optic endoscopy. Abnormalities such as increased saliva, hyperemia, hemorrhage, petechiae, presence of abomasal content in the esophagus, and relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) were evaluated by endoscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of GERD and GER in the premature calves was 55 and 67%, respectively. Hyperemia and hyperemia with hemorrhage or petechiation of the esophageal mucosa were determined by endoscopic examination. Hyperemia was commonly observed in the distal esophageal mucosa, although a few hyperemic areas also were observed in other portions of the esophagus. In addition to these abnormalities, LES relaxation, abomasal fluid in the distal esophagus, abomasal content in the esophagus, and increased saliva also were observed in premature calves with GER.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of both GER (67%) and GERD (55%) in premature calves was high in the study. Endoscopy provides a practical, rapid, noninvasive, and reasonably accurate method for determining the presence of GER and GERD in premature calves.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00934.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40170461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}