Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association between ABCB1 genotype and seizure outcome in Collies with epilepsy.","authors":"K R Muñana, J A Nettifee-Osborne, R L Bergman, K L Mealey","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.01006.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.01006.x","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Medically refractory seizures are an important problem in both humans and dogs with epilepsy. Altered expression of ABCB1, the gene encoding for p-glycoprotein (PGP), has been proposed to play a role in drug-resistant epilepsy.\u0000\u0000\u0000HYPOTHESIS\u0000Heterogeneity of the ABCB1 gene is associated with seizure outcome in dogs with epilepsy.\u0000\u0000\u0000ANIMALS\u0000Twenty-nine Collies with epilepsy being treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Prospective and retrospective cohort study. Dogs were classified as having a good outcome (≤ 1 seizure/month, no cluster seizures) or a poor outcome (>1 seizure/month, with or without cluster seizures) based on owner-completed questionnaire. Serum AED concentrations were measured, and ABCB1 genotyping was performed on buccal tissue samples. Association analyses were performed for genotype and seizure outcome, number of AEDs administered, serum AED concentrations, and incidence of adverse effects.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Fourteen dogs of 29 (48%) were homozygous for the ABCB1-1∆ mutation (M/M), 11 dogs (38%) were heterozygous (M/N), and 4 dogs (14%) had the wild-type genotype (N/N). Dogs with the M/M genotype were significantly more likely to have fewer seizures and have less AED-related sedation than M/N or N/N dogs (P = .003 and P = .001, respectively). Serum phenobarbital and bromide concentrations did not differ between groups, but the M/N and N/N groups received a larger number of AEDs than the M/M group (P = .014).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE\u0000ABCB1 genotype is associated with seizure outcome in Collies with epilepsy. This cannot be attributed to differences in PGP function, but might be because of intrinsic variations in seizure severity among phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 6","pages":"1358-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.01006.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30921727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a quality-of-life tool for dogs with diabetes mellitus.","authors":"S J M Niessen,&nbsp;S Powney,&nbsp;J Guitian,&nbsp;A P M Niessen,&nbsp;P D Pion,&nbsp;J A M Shaw,&nbsp;D B Church","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00947.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00947.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) management primarily focuses on improvement in blood glucose concentrations and clinical signs. A tool to assess the psychological and social impact of DM and its treatment on quality of life (QoL) previously has only been validated for feline DM.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To validate a diabetic pet and owner-centered individualized measure of impact of DM (DIAQoL-pet) for diabetic dogs and their owners. ANIMALS/SUBJECTS: A total of 101 owners of insulin-treated diabetic dogs were recruited to complete the DIAQoL-pet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Discussions and pilot surveys with clinicians and owners of diabetic pets led to the design of 29 specific DM-associated QoL questions. Each item was scored according to impact frequency and perceived importance. An Item-Weighted-Impact-Score (IWIS) for each item was calculated, as was an Average-Weighted-Impact-Score (AWIS) by averaging all IWISs. Principal component analysis and Cronbach's α calculation assessed the measure's reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DIAQoL-pet showed high reliability (Communalities ≥0.5; Cronbach's α 0.85). The AWIS was -2.74 ± 1.7 (mean ± SD). Areas reported as most negatively impacting QoL included: \"worry\" (IWIS ± SD: -5.92 ± 4.3), \"difficulties leaving dog with friends or family\" (-5.68 ± 5.1), \"worry vision\" (-5.58 ± 4.6), \"boarding difficulties\" (-5.18 ± 5.2), \"worry hypoglycemia\" (-4.95 ± 4.3), \"social life\" (-4.82 ± 4.4), \"costs\" (-4.11 ± 4.7), and \"future care\"(-4.07 ± 4.6). Eighty-four percent of owners reported negative impact of DM on QoL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>The DIAQoL-pet proved robust when used by owners of insulin-treated diabetic dogs and identified specific areas most negatively impacting dogs' and their owners' QoL. This tool could be used as an additional assessment parameter in clinical and research settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"953-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00947.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30653455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurologic disease attributed to a pituitary adenoma in an alpaca.","authors":"W F Gilsenan,&nbsp;P L Habecker,&nbsp;T M Coyne,&nbsp;A L Johnson","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00948.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00948.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"1073-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00948.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30653659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic hemorrhagic pericardial effusion as a precursor to epicardial lymphosarcoma in three cows.","authors":"S F Peek,&nbsp;S M McGuirk,&nbsp;J Gaska,&nbsp;M Ravi,&nbsp;C Bell,&nbsp;M A Pinkerton","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00952.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00952.x","url":null,"abstract":"A 2-year-old female Holstein heifer was referred for evaluation of acute onset brisket edema and jugular venous distension. The heifer was 223 days in milk and 139 days pregnant and had been producing milk at expected levels until the day before presentation. Physical examination at admission to the University of Wisconsin Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital revealed a bright and alert individual with a rectal temperature of 100.6 F, and pulse and respiratory rates of 76 beats and 34 breaths per minute, respectively. Muffled heart sounds were present and both jugular veins were turgid, visibly distended, and displayed retrograde fill. An echocardiogram at admission using a 2.5–3.5 MHz phased array transducer from a right parasternal approach identified an approximately 8-cm distension of the pericardial sac by anechoic fluid that was evident during all phases of the cardiac cycle. Some thickening of the epicardial surface was noted with strands of more hyperechoic tissue floating on the epicardial surface with the ultrasonographic appearance of fibrin. Cardiac contractility appeared subjectively poor although functional cardiac measurements were not obtained because of the depth of pericardial fluid. A serum sample obtained at admission tested positive by both ELISA and AGID techniques for antibodies to the bovine leukosis virus (BLV). Pericardiocentesis yielded bloody fluid with a PCV of 14%, total protein concentration of 5.2 g/dL, and total nucleated cell count (TNCC) of 5.75 9 10/lL. The nucleated cells were comprised of 14% neutrophils, 64% small lymphocytes, and 22% macrophages. The lymphocytes were cytologically normal. Approximately 5.5 L of hemorrhagic pericardial fluid was removed through a 24 French chest tube placed in the left 5th intercostal space, decreasing the visible depth of pericardial fluid to approximately 2 cm. The heifer was given 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone IV q24h for 3 days and underwent daily ultrasonographic assessment of pericardial fluid volume and subjective evaluation of cardiac function. By day 3 of hospitalization, minimal pericardial fluid remained (<10 mm) but focal areas of epicardial fibrin still could be seen. Jugular venous distension had resolved and the heifer’s heart rate was normal. It had normal appetite and milk production had improved. The heifer was returned to its farm of origin and continued to do well, producing 68 lb of milk at a subsequent test date approximately 50 days post discharge. Unfortunately, it was found dead approximately 100 days after discharge. Necropsy showed thickening of the epicardial surface of the heart with multiple fibrous attachments connecting the epicardial surface to the pericardium. The epicardial surface was matted with extensive areas of fibrosis admixed with fibrin and hemorrhage. Multiple thoracic lymph nodes were enlarged with similar multifocal white to tan infiltrates. Histologically, the epicardium was expanded with fibrosis and highly vascular papillary project","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"1069-72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00952.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30675167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concentrations of noncortisol adrenal steroids in response to ACTH in dogs with adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, and nonadrenal illness.","authors":"W E Monroe,&nbsp;D L Panciera,&nbsp;K L Zimmerman","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00959.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00959.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increases of adrenal hormone concentrations other than cortisol have been reported in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Measuring noncortisol adrenal hormone concentrations will help identify HAC in dogs. The objective was to determine plasma cortisol, androstenedione, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations during ACTH stimulation testing of dogs with clinical signs of HAC to ascertain their utility in diagnosis of the disease.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Ninety dogs with clinical findings consistent with HAC had ACTH stimulation tests performed. Results from 29 dogs were excluded from analysis because diagnoses were inconclusive for a variety of reasons. Results from 32 dogs with HAC and 29 dogs with disease other than HAC were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective observational study. Concentrations of adrenocortical hormones were determined before and 1 hour after injecting 5 μg/kg ACTH IM. Diagnoses were determined by response to therapy, histopathology or both.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-ACTH cortisol (P < .001), progesterone (P = .001), and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (P < .001) concentrations were associated with a diagnosis of HAC. Sensitivity and specificity, respectively, for diagnosing HAC for post-ACTH cortisol were 84 and 59%, progesterone 88 and 55%, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone 91 and 59%, and for post-ACTH cortisol, progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone combined were 88 and 55%. Of 5 dogs with HAC and normal post-ACTH cortisol concentrations, 5 had increased progesterone and 4 had increased 17-hydroxyprogesterone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Serum progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations were useful to diagnose HAC in this study, but were not more sensitive or specific than cortisol concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"945-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00959.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30699071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic yield and adverse effects of MRI-guided free-hand brain biopsies through a mini-burr hole in dogs with encephalitis.","authors":"T Flegel,&nbsp;A Oevermann,&nbsp;G Oechtering,&nbsp;K Matiasek","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00961.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00961.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diagnosis of encephalitis is usually presumptive based on MRI, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, or both. A definitive diagnosis based on histopathology, however, is required for optimizing treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the diagnostic yield and adverse effects of minimally invasive brain biopsies in dogs with encephalitis.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Seventeen dogs with suspected encephalitis, based on MR imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study. Minimally invasive, free-hand brain biopsy specimens were taken from forebrain lesions through a 4-mm burr hole using a Sedan side-cutting needle. Routine histopathological examination was performed. The adverse effects were assessed by MRI evaluations after biopsy procedure (12/17) and by sequential neurological examinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall diagnostic yield with regard to a specific type of encephalitis was 82%. Encephalitis was evident in an additional 12%, but a specific disease could not be determined. There were no deaths caused by the biopsy procedure itself, but the indirect case fatality rate was 6%. Morbidity was 29%, including stupor, seizures, tetraparesis, hemiparesis, ataxia, and loss of conscious proprioception. All these signs resolved within 3-14 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Minimally invasive brain biopsy in dogs with suspected encephalitis leads to a definite diagnosis in the majority of dogs, allowing for a specific treatment. The advantages of a definite diagnosis outweigh potential case fatality rate and temporary neurological deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"969-76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00961.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30698836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dirofilarial hemoptytic expectoration in 5 dogs - an uncommon manifestation of canine heartworm disease.","authors":"M Rishniw,&nbsp;A Hess,&nbsp;R Rojas,&nbsp;C Ritchie,&nbsp;A G Laws,&nbsp;T Staudt,&nbsp;D Bowman","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00955.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00955.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"1061-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00955.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30699058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trilostane dose versus body weight in the treatment of naturally occurring pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in dogs.","authors":"E C Feldman,&nbsp;P H Kass","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00956.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00956.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trilostane is commonly used in the treatment of dogs with naturally occurring pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH). Dose recommendations have varied from the manufacturer and the literature.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>As body weight increases, dose/kg or dosage/day of trilostane required to control the clinical signs of PDH decreases.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>70 dogs with naturally occurring hyperadrenocorticism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study. Each dog must have been treated for at least 6 months and should have shown a \"good response\" to trilostane, as determined by owners. Statistical comparisons of dose and dosage were made after the dogs were separated into groups weighing <15 or >15 kg; groups weighing ≤10, 10.1-20, 20.1-30, and ≥30 kg; and then groups based on body surface area versus dose/kg and total amount of trilostane required to control the condition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in trilostane dose in mg/kg of body weight or in the total amount of trilostane required daily to control clinical signs, except when the dose for dogs weighing >30 kg was compared with that for the other groups. However, despite lack of statistical significance when comparing groups, there was a significant trend using polynomial regression analysis, suggesting that as body weight increases, the amount of trilostane (mg/kg/dose as well as mg/kg/daily dosage) required to control clinical signs decreases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Dogs weighing >30 kg, and possibly those weighing >15 kg, might require smaller amounts of trilostane per dose or per day than those weighing less, to control PDH-associated clinical signs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"1078-80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00956.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30700300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of arterial blood gases and arterial blood pressures in brachycephalic dogs.","authors":"G L Hoareau,&nbsp;G Jourdan,&nbsp;M Mellema,&nbsp;P Verwaerde","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00941.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00941.x","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Brachycephalic dogs (BD) are prone to congenital upper airway obstruction (brachycephalic syndrome, BS). In humans suffering from sleep apnea, upper airway obstruction is known to cause hypertension. There is no information regarding the influence of BS in dogs on cardiorespiratory physiology.\u0000\u0000\u0000HYPOTHESIS\u0000BD are prone to lower P(a) O(2), higher P(a) CO (2), and hypertension compared with meso- or dolicocephalic dogs (MDD).\u0000\u0000\u0000ANIMALS\u0000Eleven BD and 11 MDD.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000After a questionnaire was completed by the owner, a physical examination was performed. Height and thoracic circumferences were measured. Arterial blood gases, electrolyte concentrations, and packed cell volume (PCV) were measured. Systolic (SAP), mean (MAP), and diastolic (DAP) arterial blood pressure recordings were performed.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000A total of 7 French and 4 English bulldogs met the inclusion criteria. The control group consisted in 6 Beagles, 2 mixed breed dogs, 1 Staffordshire Bull Terrier, 1 Parson Russell Terrier, and 1 Australian Cattle Dog. Statistically, BD had lower P(a) O(2), higher P(a) CO2, and higher PCV when compared with controls (86.2 ± 15.9 versus 100.2 ± 12.6 mmHg, P = .017; 36.3 ± 4.6 versus 32.7 ± 2.6 mmHg, P = .019; 48.2 ± 3.5 versus 44.2 ± 5.4%, P = .026, respectively). Also, they had significantly higher SAP (177.6 ± 25.0 versus 153.5 ± 21.7 mmHg, P = .013), MAP (123.3 ± 17.1 versus 108.3 ± 12.2 mmHg, P = .014), and DAP (95.3 ± 19.2 versus 83.0 ± 11.5 mmHg, P = .042). BD with a P(a) CO (2) >35 mmHg were significantly older than those with a P(a) CO (2) ≤35 mmHg (58 ± 16 and 30 ± 11 months, P = .004).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Results of this study suggest that some BD are prone to lower P(a) O(2), higher P(a) CO (2), and hypertension when compared with MDD. Age may be a contributing factor.","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"897-904"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00941.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30607831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis: potential application from experimental models and human medicine to dogs.","authors":"Caroline Mansfield","doi":"10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00949.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00949.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cellular events leading to pancreatitis have been studied extensively in experimental models. Understanding the cellular events and inciting causes of the multisystem inflammatory cascades that are activated with this disease is of vital importance to advance diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Unfortunately, the pathophysiology of pancreatitis in dogs is not well understood, and extrapolation from experimental and human medicine is necessary. The interplay of the inflammatory cascades (kinin, complement, cytokine) is extremely complex in both initiating leukocyte migration and perpetuating disease. Recently, nitric oxide (NO) and altered microcirculation of the pancreas have been proposed as major initiators of inflammation. In addition, the role of the gut is becoming increasingly explored as a cause of oxidative stress and potentiation of systemic inflammation in pancreatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":"875-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00949.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30673652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}