Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Nasal phaeohyphomycosis in a cat caused by Cladophialophora boppii.","authors":"Julia McCarthy, Monica Augusto, Emma O'Neill, Ignacio Otero Balda, Eleanor Wyatt","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jvimsj/aalag235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phaeohyphomycosis is an opportunistic mycosis caused by dematiaceous fungi, typically affecting the cutaneous or subcutaneous tissues of the facial region and distal extremities in cats. This report documents a case of Cladophialophora boppii infection in a cat. A 7-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat was presented with a chronic, pigmented nasal lesion, non-productive sneezing, and stertor. Computed tomography, rhinoscopy, and tissue sampling were performed. Fungal culture and molecular sequencing confirmed the diagnosis. Oral itraconazole treatment failed to arrest progression, necessitating delayed nasal planectomy. Despite transient remission, disease recurred, requiring repeat surgical debridement, and prolonged antifungal treatment. Clinical resolution was ultimately achieved, with marked improvement in the cat's quality of life. Identification of a novel species of phaeohyphomycosis in a cat emphasizes the need for increased awareness of emerging fungal pathogens that can precipitate considerable morbidity, particularly in the absence of prompt aggressive intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discriminatory performance of total calcium for ionized hypocalcemia and factors affecting ionized calcium in Assaf ewes during the pre- and post-lambing periods.","authors":"Kenan Ç Tümer, Sébastien Buczinski, Serkan Bozaci, Ömer Deniz, Tarik Şafak, Berrak I Deniz, Abdullah Şimşek, Thomas Wittek","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag202","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Total calcium concentration (tCa) poorly reflects ionized hypocalcemia across species, and multiple factors influence ionized calcium concentration (iCa2+). These relationships have not been evaluated in Assaf ewes.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Assess the diagnostic accuracy of tCa for detecting hypocalcemia and identify factors associated with iCa2+ during pre- and post-lambing periods.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 105 clinically healthy multiparous Assaf ewes from a commercial flock.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective observational study. Venous blood samples were collected during pre- and post-lambing periods. Blood gas-electrolytes (pH, pCO₂, pO₂, HCO₃-, TCO₂, Na+, K+, iCa2+) and biochemical analyses (total protein, albumin, tCa, magnesium, phosphorus, β-hydroxybutyrate [BHB], glucose, alkaline phosphatase) were performed. Discriminatory performance of tCa was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis. Variables associated with iCa2+ were assessed using multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the pre-lambing period, tCa showed moderate diagnostic performance (AUC, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57-0.87; sensitivity, 67%; specificity, 80%) at a cutoff of ≤ 2.42 mmol/L, whereas performance was poor for the post-lambing period (AUC, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.47-0.70; sensitivity, 97%; specificity, 31%) at ≤ 2.77 mmol/L. In multiple regression, tCa, BHB, pCO₂, and pO₂ were associated with iCa2+ during pre-lambing (adjusted R2 = 0.27, P < .001), whereas tCa, BHB, phosphorus, albumin, and Na+ were associated with the post-lambing period (adjusted R2 = 0.25, P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>iCa2+ varied by production stage and was influenced by several physiologic variables. Direct measurement of iCa2+ should be prioritized to improve the accuracy of hypocalcemia assessment in Assaf ewes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter regarding \"ACVIM-endorsed statement: consensus statement and systematic review on guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory enteropathy in dogs\".","authors":"Sara A Jablonski, M Katherine Tolbert","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jvimsj/aalag241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging using a familial temporal lobe epilepsy model in cats: an exploratory methodological pilot study.","authors":"Takayuki Miura, Rikako Asada, Daisuke Hasegawa","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag209","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reliable methods for identifying the epileptogenic zone (EZ) in veterinary medicine remain limited. Although intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) is considered the most dependable approach for EZ localization, noninvasive simultaneous EEG and functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) has been applied in human medicine as an alternative.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Develop and evaluate EEG-fMRI methodology for clinical application in veterinary medicine and evaluate the methodological feasibility of EEG-fMRI using cats with familial spontaneous epilepsy (FSECs).</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Ten cats with clear interictal epileptiform discharges on scalp EEG were selected from an FSEC colony with previously suggested amygdalo-hippocampal involvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Each cat underwent 3 scalp EEG and EEG-fMRI sessions. After preprocessing, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activation maps were generated. Primary analyses evaluated amygdalo-hippocampal activation using small-volume correction (SVC) and group-level analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BOLD activation was detected in all sessions at an exploratory threshold, but no activation survived correction for multiple comparisons. The SVC analysis identified amygdalo-hippocampal activation in 16/30 sessions. Group-level analysis identified the largest cluster extending from the left parahippocampal gyrus to the hippocampal body.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>This exploratory pilot study showed that EEG-fMRI could be technically implemented in FSECs, but individual-level EZ localization remains insufficient for clinical use. Further optimization, data from surgical candidates, and multimodal comparisons are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between urinalysis abnormalities, soiling behavior, and cognitive decline in aging dogs.","authors":"Shaghayegh Rafatpanah Baigi, Chin-Chieh Yang, Alejandra Mondino, Gilad Fefer, Wojciech K Panek, Beth C Case, Emily H Griffith, Margaret E Gruen, Natasha J Olby","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag208","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In elderly people, dementia and urinary tract dysfunction often exacerbate one another. Aging dogs also suffer cognitive decline but the relationship between cognitive decline, soiling behaviors, and urinalysis abnormalities has not been explored.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Soiling behavior is associated with urinalysis abnormalities and cognitive performance in aging dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Eighty-four client-owned dogs enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study of aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective observational study, dogs were evaluated biannually with free-catch urinalysis, owner-completed Canine Dementia Scale (CADES), and a cognitive test battery. Mean age at enrollment was 12.77 years ± 1.91, 53 were female spayed, 29 male neutered, and 1 female and 1 male intact. Mixed-effects and generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the associations between urinalysis variables and cognitive test performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 231 urinalyses, 19 showed pyuria, 14 hematuria, 11 bacteriuria, and 194 proteinuria. Urine specific gravity (USG) ranged from 1.005 to 1.056 and decreased significantly with age (P < .001). Soiling scores ranged from 0 to 25, and were associated with increasing age (P < .001) and decreasing USG (P < .001). In multivariable models, age and USG remained significant predictors of soiling. Higher soiling scores were associated with poorer performance on inhibitory control (P < .001) and detour tasks (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Increased soiling behavior was linked to USG and executive function. Abnormal urinalysis findings were less frequent than expected. Soiling behavior in aging dogs might not exclusively reflect urinary tract or systemic disease and could be an indicator of cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a canine hemoglobin A1c point-of-care assay: analytical validation, clinical utility, and establishing a population-based reference interval.","authors":"Denzel Adam, Nicholas Noto, Michael F Rosser, Sarah Connolly, Arnon Gal","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag226","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) assay validation is essential for establishing analytical reliability, evaluating discrimination between diabetic and non-diabetic (NDM) dogs, and establishing reference intervals.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Validate a canine HbA1c point-of-care analyzer (Vet Chroma™), evaluate its diagnostic performance, and establish a reference interval in healthy dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Fifty-one diabetic, 44 NDM controls, and 42 healthy client-owned dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective validation of precision, linearity, interference, and storage stability. Method comparison used an immunoturbidimetric comparator assay (Olympus DxC 700 AU). Diagnostic performance was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, likelihood ratios, and odds ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 3.92% and 8.47%. Linearity over the clinical range (0.86%-6.27% HbA1c%) was strong (R2 = 0.973) with minor constant bias. HbA1c remained stable for 5 days at 4 °C and up to 3 months at both -20 and -80 °C, but not reliably at 6 months. Lipemia and icterus exhibited variable interfering effects. Method comparison indicated non-interchangeability with the comparator assay. Diabetic dogs had significantly higher HbA1c than NDM (mean 5.10% vs 1.58%). ROC analysis yielded an AUC of 0.969, with a cutoff > 3.22% achieving 90.20% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The positive likelihood ratio was not estimable, and the odds ratio was 22.90 (95% CI, 3.60-146.90). Healthy young dogs' reference interval was 1.25% (90% CI, 1.19-1.59) to 2.75% (90% CI, 2.56-2.90).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>The Vet Chroma™ provides reliable HbA1c measurements in canine whole blood and effectively discriminates diabetic from non-diabetic dogs. Results should be interpreted alongside clinical and clinicopathologic findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13594662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A SINE-like insertion in intron 13 of the ATP7A gene is associated with a mild form of Menkes-like disease in a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.","authors":"Emily A Fulton, Cleo Schwarz, Vidhya Jagannathan, Tosso Leeb, Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag200","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 7-month-old intact male Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was presented for persistent glucosuria despite normoglycemia, failure to thrive, chronic diarrhea, and cerebellar ataxia. Fanconi syndrome was diagnosed, but the neurologic abnormalities were not fully explained. As a consequence of the early onset Fanconi syndrome, a hereditary process was suspected. Whole genome sequencing identified a private hemizygous SINE-like insertion into the ATP7A gene, at the end of intron 13, near the start of exon 14. In humans, variants in ATP7A are associated with Menkes disease, a disorder of copper metabolism associated with a spectrum of clinical signs including progressive neurodegeneration and connective tissue abnormalities. Clinically affected dogs with variants in ATP7A have not been reported previously. Although this case appears to represent a mild phenotypic presentation of Menkes-like disease, it raises the possibility that copper disorders aside from copper-associated hepatitis might exist in dogs. Further genetic screening and phenotypic characterization of rare genetic variants associated with copper metabolism would be beneficial to expand our knowledge of copper disorders in dogs and allow potential early intervention and modeling for metabolic diseases in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thymidine kinase 1 activity in serum and body cavity fluids of horses with lymphoma.","authors":"Karolina Drozdzewska, Sophie Burde, Elisabeth Müller, Roswitha Merle, Heidrun Gehlen","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag207","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The accuracy of serum thymidine kinase 1 (TK1S) as a biomarker of lymphoma in horses is variable. The value of measurement in body cavity fluid (TK1F) has not been established.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>(1) TK1F and TK1S will be higher in horses with lymphoma compared to diseased controls (DCs); (2) TK1F will be higher than TK1S; and (3) there will be a strong correlation between both measurements.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Twenty animals in the lymphoma and 31 animals with nonneoplastic, gastrointestinal/respiratory disorders in DC group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study using prospectively collected data and samples obtained during routine diagnostic evaluation at referral hospitals. Thymidine kinase 1 was measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay and presented as median (and interquartile range). Nonparametric tests compared TK1F and TK1S between and within groups and Kendall's Tau assessed correlation between TK1F and TK1S.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median TK1F was 7.48 (2.20-48.23) U/L in horses with lymphoma vs 2.50 (0.59-4.83) U/L in the DC group (P = .007); median TK1S was 4.26 (0.46-9.37) U/L vs 0.40 (0.40-0.75) U/L (P < .001), respectively. Both biomarkers showed good discrimination (area under the curve > 0.70) between lymphoma and the DC group, with optimal cutoff values of 5.7 and 2.5 U/L, respectively. Thymidine kinase 1 activity in body cavity fluid (3.62 [0.85-9.86] U/L) was significantly higher than TK1S (0.50 [0.40-2.09] U/L; P < .001) and there was no significant correlation between them within groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical importance: </strong>Thymidine kinase 1 activity in body cavity fluid and TK1S provide different information and should be interpreted independently. They proved useful in lymphoma diagnosis, but not as a standalone test.</p><p><strong>Abstract translated to german: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13615731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149062207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic cholesterol pericarditis in a dog presenting with cardiac tamponade.","authors":"Berry Wong, Shamanthi Shankar, Elpida Sarvani, Alexander Civello, Jessie R Payne","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag219","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 7-year, 6-month-old, female neutered, Pug dog presented with lethargy, hyporexia, polydipsia, abdominal distension, and dyspnea. Point-of-care ultrasonography identified tricavitary effusions and cardiac tamponade. Pericardiocentesis yielded 83 mL of sanguineous scintillating fluid. Clinical examination, bloodwork, echocardiography, electrocardiography, thoracic and abdominal computed tomography scans, and pericardial fluid analysis including culture and sensitivity did not identify any cardiovascular, endocrine, neoplastic, or infectious causes of the pericardial effusion. Pericardial fluid analysis identified high cholesterol concentrations and numerous cholesterol crystals on cytology, supporting a diagnosis of cholesterol pericarditis. Subtotal pericardiectomy was performed 7 weeks later to address pericardial and pleural effusions. Histopathological pericardial biopsies identified pericarditis with no neoplastic tissue detected. A pleural port was placed 4 months later to manage recurrent pleural effusion. Elective euthanasia was performed 10 weeks later citing a compromised quality of life from increasingly frequent bouts of dyspnea. This is a case report of a dog with idiopathic cholesterol pericarditis presenting with cardiac tamponade.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149062167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinonasal aspergillosis-associated pneumocephalus in a dog: recovery after endoscopic interventional debridement and antifungal treatment.","authors":"Manon T A Costes, Jimmy H Saunders, Volker Rickerts, Sylvie Daminet, Sarah Rösch","doi":"10.1093/jvimsj/aalag264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jvimsj/aalag264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 16-year-old Border Collie was referred for acute severe apathy and chronic nasal discharge. Computed tomography (CT) performed 2 weeks earlier was suggestive of sinonasal aspergillosis (SNA) with severe turbinate destruction and mucosal thickening in the left nasal cavity and frontal sinus. No treatment was initiated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at presentation identified intrameningeal pneumocephalus, meningitis, frontal sinusitis with ventral focal frontal bone lysis of the cranial cavity. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was unremarkable, suggesting pneumocephalus as the cause of apathy. Rhinoscopy confirmed fungal plaque (qPCR: Aspergillus spp.). Systemic antifungal treatment and endoscopic debridement were initiated. Despite frontal bone lysis, topical antifungal treatment also was administered. A 3-week follow-up MRI showed complete resolution of pneumocephalus. Final imaging identified scarring around the defect and no active infection. These findings indicate that intrameningeal pneumocephalus secondary to SNA can be reversible and should not preclude antifungal treatment. Endoscopic therapeutic intervention may enable full recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":17462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"40 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149269556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}