Journal of the Neurological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): Optimal diagnosis, antiviral therapy, pharmacological treatment, management, and future scopes.","authors":"Krishnendu Adhikary, Arundhati Banerjee, Riya Sarkar, Ritam Banerjee, Sumana Roy Chowdhury, Krishnendu Ganguly, Prithviraj Karak","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2025.123410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of HIV infection, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have become a serious concern. An extensive summary of the diagnosis, care, and mental health consequences related to HAND is given in this article. The diagnosis of HAND entails a multimodal approach that includes neuroimaging, cognition tests, and clinical examinations. Numerous screening instruments and standardized evaluations have been created to support the early identification and tracking of HAND. Appropriate actions and individualized treatment plans are made possible by prompt diagnosis. A multidisciplinary approach is used in the treatment of HAND, aiming to address various elements of cognitive impairment. The main stream of treatment is still antiretroviral medication (ART), which successfully lowers viral loads and stops further neurocognitive deterioration. Adjunctive treatments are essential for treating cognitive symptoms and improving overall quality of life. These therapies include cognitive rehabilitation, pharmaceutical interventions, and psychological support. Our knowledge of the pathophysiology of HAND has improved with the identification of the inflammatory milieu and persistent viral persistence in the central nervous system (CNS), which has also aided in the creation of biomarkers for CNS illness. Although biomarkers show inflammation, neuronal damage, and monocyte activity, their clinical use is still restricted. Although new techniques to treating HAND have been developed as a result of a better knowledge of pathogenic processes, the best course of action is still unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"470 ","pages":"123410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative outcomes of endovascular vs. surgical treatment in craniocervical junction dural arteriovenous fistulas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Basel Musmar, Joanna M Roy, Atakan Orscelik, Sravanthi Koduri, Spyridon Karadimas, Saman Sizdahkhani, Elias Atallah, Stavropoula I Tjoumakaris, Michael Reid Gooch, Hekmat Zarzour, Ritam Ghosh, Richard F Schmidt, Robert H Rosenwasser, Pascal Jabbour","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2025.123402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Craniocervical junction dural arteriovenous fistulas (CCJ-DAVFs) are rare and complex vascular malformations that are challenging to diagnose and treat. This study aims to compare surgical and endovascular treatments for CCJ-DAVFs through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to July 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies involving 266 patients were included. Of these, 143 (53.8 %) patients underwent surgical treatment alone and 123 (46.2 %) underwent endovascular treatment alone. In the surgical group, the complete obliteration rate at last follow-up was 89.8 %. Retreatment rate was 6.2 %. Periprocedural complications occurred in 21.6 % of cases. In the endovascular group, the complete occlusion rate at last follow-up was 73.6 %. Retreatment rate was 46.7 %. Periprocedural complications occurred in 18.8 % of cases. Comparative meta-analysis revealed that the rate of complete obliteration at last follow-up was significantly higher in the surgical group (OR: 0.24; CI: 0.07 to 0.89, p = 0.03). Surgical treatment had a significantly higher successful treatment rate (OR: 0.24; CI: 0.07 to 0.89, p = 0.03) and lower retreatment rate (OR: 37.13; CI: 6.31 to 218.59, p < 0.01). No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of periprocedural complications or complete resolution of symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical treatment for CCJ-DAVFs achieves higher rates of complete obliteration with lower retreatment rates compared to endovascular treatment. However, endovascular treatment showed a tendency towards reducing periprocedural complications while increasing the likelihood of complete resolution of symptoms. Individualized treatment plans for CCJ-DAVFs, should be considered according to their anatomical location and potential surgical accessibility. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"470 ","pages":"123402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and inflammatory myopathies association: Is there an interplay?","authors":"Antonio Lauletta, Yves Allenbach, Anthony Béhin, Teresinha Evangelista, Sarah Léonard-Louis, Matteo Garibaldi, Olivier Benveniste","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2025.123400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Certain types of muscular dystrophy (MD), notably facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), exhibit muscle fiber necrosis with regeneration and a nonspecific inflammatory process. Although rare, the coexistence of MDs and autoimmune myositis has been observed. We hypothesized that, in some circumstances, FSHD may predispose individuals to myositis through muscle damage-induced autoantigen overexpression, contributing to an autoimmune response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patient data from neuromuscular disease centers in France and Italy between September 2012 and May 2024. Clinical, immunological, and myopathological features of 1750 myositis patients were comprehensively reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five patients were identified with both FSHD and IIM. Two patients were first diagnosed with FSHD and later developed IIM, while two others initially had IIM followed by an FSHD diagnosis. The fifth patient received simultaneous diagnoses of both conditions. The prevalence of FSHD in the IIM cohort was 1/350, and the prevalence of IIM in the FSHD cohort was 1/40 (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our study showed a high prevalence of FSHD and IIM association compared to the general population, with underlying mechanisms that remain unclear. This association might be more frequent than previously reported, indicating a need for increased clinical awareness. Understanding the interplay between FSHD and autoimmune myositis could reveal insights into the immunopathological processes of these diseases and improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"470 ","pages":"123400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143039676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging measurements in people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Omid Mirmosayyeb, Mohammad Yazdan Panah, Elham Moases Ghaffary, Saeed Vaheb, Farhad Mahmoudi, Vahid Shaygannejad, Norah Lincoff, Dejan Jakimovski, Robert Zivadinov, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2025.123401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies show that optical coherence tomography (OCT) metrics e with cognition, disability, and brain structure in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). This review the correlation between OCT parameters and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements in PwMS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed, including studies published in English up to November 29, 2024 to identify studies reporting quantitative data on the correlation between baseline OCT parameters and MRI measurements in PwMS. The meta-analysis was performed using R software version 4.4.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 4931 studies, 68 studies on 6168 PwMS (67.4 % female) were included. The most significant correlations were found between peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness and lower T1 lesion volume r = -0.42 (95 % CI: -0.52 to -0.31, p-value <0.001, I² = 24 %), greater thalamic volume r = 0.39 (95 % CI: 0.17 to 0.61, p-value <0.001, I² = 81 %), and lower T2 lesion volume r = -0.37 (95 % CI: -0.54 to -0.21, p-value <0.001, I² = 85 %), respectively. Additionally, lower macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness showed the most significant correlations with positive and lower thalamic volume r = 0.37 (95 % CI: 0.1 to 0.64, p-value = 0.008, I² = 88 %), and positive and lower grey matter volume (GMV) 0.33 (95 % CI: 0.15 to 0.52, p-value <0.001, I² = 81 %), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>pRNFL and mGCIPL thickness are correlated with MRI measurements, suggesting that OCT can serve as a non-invasive, cost-effective, and complementary tool to MRI for enhancing the exploring of brain structural changes in PwMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"470 ","pages":"123401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of serum neurofilament light chain in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.","authors":"A Llauradó, C García-Carmona, J L Restrepo-Vera, J Alemañ, M Salvadó, D Sanchez-Tejerina, J Sotoca, J L Seoane, E Lainez, M Gratacós-Viñola, J M Vidal-Taboada, N Fissolo, M Comabella, N Raguer, R Juntas-Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2025.123397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The development of new biomarkers is essential to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide treatment decisions in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of the serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) level as a marker for disability and response to immunomodulatory treatment in patients with CIDP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, single-center, observational study included 38 patients with CIDP: 19 treatment-naive (CIDP-I) patients assessed before and after the initiation of immunomodulatory therapy and 19 stable patients on maintenance immunoglobulins (CIDP-M). Clinical scales (INCAT, I-RODS, MRC-SS and grip strength) were used to assess disability and treatment response. Nerve conduction study data were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median sNfL level (pg/mL) was greater in CIDP-I patients than in CIDP-M patients (23.4 vs. 7.7; p = 0.002). A reduction in sNfL levels was observed in CIDP-I patients after 5 months of immunomodulatory treatment (23.4 vs. 15.0; p = 0.001). sNfL levels were correlated with greater disability as assessed by the INCAT (p = 0.007), I-RODS (p = 0.004), and MRC-SS (p = 0.016) in treatment-naive patients but not in those receiving maintenance therapy. sNfL levels correlated with the average amplitude of the distal compound muscle action potential of the median, ulnar, peroneal and tibial nerves from the most affected limb (p = 0.043).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>sNfL levels are significantly reduced in patients with CIDP who respond to immunomodulatory treatment and are positively correlated with disability. These findings highlight the utility of sNfL as a marker of disease activity and treatment response in patients with CIDP.</p>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"470 ","pages":"123397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain health: Pathway to primary prevention of neurodegenerative disorders of environmental origin","authors":"Peter S. Spencer ,&nbsp;Shala-Ghaderi Berntsson ,&nbsp;Alain Buguet ,&nbsp;Patricia Butterfield ,&nbsp;Donald B. Calne ,&nbsp;Susan M. Calne ,&nbsp;Santiago Giménez-Roldán ,&nbsp;Jacques Hugon ,&nbsp;Sahiba Kahlon ,&nbsp;Glen E. Kisby ,&nbsp;Emmeline Lagrange ,&nbsp;Anne-Marie E. Landtblom ,&nbsp;Albert C. Ludolph ,&nbsp;Peter B. Nunn ,&nbsp;Valerie S. Palmer ,&nbsp;Jacques Reis ,&nbsp;Gustavo C. Román ,&nbsp;Jussi O.T. Sipilä ,&nbsp;Scott S. Spencer ,&nbsp;Raquel Valdes Angues ,&nbsp;Momoko Yabushita","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While rising global rates of neurodegenerative disease encourage early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention to block clinical expression (secondary prevention), a more powerful approach is to identify and remove environmental factors that trigger long-latencybrain disease (primary prevention) by acting on a susceptible genotype or acting alone. The latter is illustrated by the post-World War II decline and disappearance of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinsonism-Dementia Complex (ALS/PDC), a prototypical often-familial neurodegenerative disease formerly present in very high incidence on the island of Guam. Lessons learned from 75 years of investigation on the etiology of ALS/PDC include: the importance of focusing field research on the disease epicenter and patients with early-onset disease; soliciting exposure history from patients, family, and community to guide multidisciplinary biomedical investigation; recognition that disease phenotype may vary with exposure history, and that familial brain disease may have a primarily environmental origin. Furthermore, removal from exposure to the environmental trigger effects primary disease prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 123340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the intersection between orthostatic hypotension and daytime sleepiness in Parkinson's disease","authors":"Abhimanyu Mahajan ,&nbsp;Kevin R. Duque ,&nbsp;Alok K. Dwivedi ,&nbsp;Jesus Abanto ,&nbsp;Luca Marsili ,&nbsp;Emily J. Hill ,&nbsp;Ameya Saraf ,&nbsp;Kelsey J. McDonald ,&nbsp;Adebukunola Arowosegbe ,&nbsp;Heba A. Deraz ,&nbsp;Aaron Bloemer ,&nbsp;Alberto J. Espay","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Daytime sleepiness, reported in about 50 % of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), is associated with high morbidity, poor quality of life and increased risk for accidents. While an association between dysautonomia and daytime sleepiness in early, de-novo PD has been reported, our understanding of the role of medications, cognitive status and co-morbidites on this relationship is inadequate.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were analyzed from the prospective Cincinnati Cohort Biomarkers Program. The primary outcome of interest was excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), as measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS; ESS score &gt; 10). The primary exposure variable was orthostatic hypotension (OH). Linear and logistic regression analyses followed by moderated graphical network analyses were conducted to explore the complex association between OH and ESS. Edge weight from graphical network analysis indicates the strength of the association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data on 453 subjects with PD were analyzed. Median disease duration was 5.8 years and nearly 90 % were H&amp;Y stage &lt;3. OH was not associated with EDS. OH was associated with depression (edge weight, 0.22) in cognitively impaired patients but not in cognitively normal patients. In addition, depression was associated with ESS (edge weight, 0.37; moderation weight, 0.22) in cognitively impaired patients to a greater extent than in cognitively normal patients (edge weight, 0.22).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>OH is not directly associated with daytime sleepiness in early, treated PD. However, OH seems to be associated with ESS via depression in cognitively impaired patients. This complex relationship deserves additional study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 123366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative and quantitative relationships between comorbid seizures and dementia among hospitalized stroke patients","authors":"Mariana Dejuk ,&nbsp;Alain Lekoubou ,&nbsp;Satvir Saggi ,&nbsp;Ankita Agrawal ,&nbsp;Leonardo Bonilha ,&nbsp;Vernon M. Chinchilli ,&nbsp;Bruce Ovbiagele","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the relationship between comorbid seizures and dementia among stroke patients using the 2017 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), the largest publicly available inpatient healthcare database in the United States. We analyzed data from 128,341 stroke patients, including those with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, to determine the prevalence of seizures and dementia, and the association between these conditions. Our findings reveal that 7.58 % of stroke patients experienced seizures, while 12.2 % had dementia. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that stroke patients with seizures had significantly higher odds of also having dementia (OR: 2.08, 95 % CI: 1.95–2.21), with similar trends observed across stroke subtypes. Specifically, the association was strongest among ischemic stroke patients (OR: 2.38, 95 % CI: 2.21–2.56). These results suggest a critical link between seizures and cognitive decline in stroke survivors, underscoring the need for integrated management strategies that address both neurological and cognitive health. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions to mitigate the risk of dementia in stroke patients with seizures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 123332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the switch from IVIG to FcRn inhibition in CIDP: Clinical insights","authors":"Chafic Karam","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 123354"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unresolved issues with efgartigimod in CIDP, and broader concerns for future trial design","authors":"Jonathan Katz ,&nbsp;Liberty Jenkins ,&nbsp;David Saperstein","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2024.123355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 123355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}