Journal of the Neurological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Acute heart failure as a predictor of short-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke","authors":"Yohei Tateishi ,&nbsp;Kosuke Soejima ,&nbsp;Yu Ideguchi ,&nbsp;Takanori Amano ,&nbsp;Daiji Torimura ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Otsuka ,&nbsp;Aya Yamashita ,&nbsp;Yuki Tomita ,&nbsp;Takuro Hirayama ,&nbsp;Tomoaki Shima ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Yoshimura ,&nbsp;Teiichiro Miyazaki ,&nbsp;Yuki Matsunaga ,&nbsp;Ryohei Akashi ,&nbsp;Yoichi Morofuji ,&nbsp;Koji Maemura ,&nbsp;Akira Tsujino","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The impact of acute heart failure following acute ischemic stroke on short-term cardiovascular outcomes remains unclear. This study investigated the association between acute heart failure and cardiovascular outcomes within 90 days after acute ischemic stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Method and results</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed 1658 patients with acute ischemic stroke. In-hospital heart failure was defined as heart failure diagnosed on admission or within seven days of hospitalization. The primary outcome was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events within 90 days of acute ischemic stroke. Secondary outcomes included a composite of fatal or nonfatal heart failure and all-cause mortality. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of these outcomes. Eighty-two patients with acute ischemic stroke (4.9 %) developed acute heart failure. Major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 120 patients (7 %) within 90 days. In-hospital heart failure was an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events (odds ratio [OR] 2.25, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.11–4.53, <em>p</em> = 0.023) and fatal or nonfatal heart failure (OR 4.72, 95 % CI 1.96–11.35, <em>p</em> = 0.001) within 90 days. However, it was not a significant predictor of all-cause mortality (OR 1.90, 95 % CI 0.94–3.84, <em>p</em> = 0.075).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In-hospital heart failure was a significant predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events and fatal or nonfatal heart failure within 90 days after acute ischemic stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 123443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, clinical profiles, and prognosis of Isaacs syndrome: A nationwide survey study in Japan","authors":"Naoko Matsui ,&nbsp;Keiko Tanaka ,&nbsp;Norito Kokubun ,&nbsp;Yuki Hatanaka ,&nbsp;Mitsuyo Ishida ,&nbsp;Yusuke Osaki ,&nbsp;Takeshi Watanabe ,&nbsp;Osamu Watanabe ,&nbsp;Eiji Matsuura ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Takashima ,&nbsp;Yasunori Sato ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kuwabara ,&nbsp;Yuishin Izumi ,&nbsp;On behalf of the Japanese Isaacs study group","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To elucidate current epidemiological, clinical, and immunological profiles, and the treatment of Isaacs syndrome in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a nationwide survey using established methods. Questionnaires were sent to neurological facilities throughout Japan to identify Isaacs syndrome patients seen between April 2018 and March 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The estimated total number of Isaacs syndrome patients was 114 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 89.63–138.91), and the estimated prevalence was 0.091 per 100,000 population. Detailed clinical data were available for 44 patients. The median age at onset was 40 (range, 17–78 years), and 55 % were female. The median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 24 months (range, 1–372 months). Electrodiagnostic studies showed evidence of nerve hyperexcitability in 90 % (myokymic discharges in 50 % and stimulus-induced repetitive discharges in 32 %). Of the 28 patients examined in the cell-based assay, 22 % tested positive (11 % for both leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 [LGI1] and contactin-associated protein-like 2 [CASPR2] antibodies and 11 % for LGI1 antibodies only). The median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was 2 at diagnosis and 1.5 at the last visit. A high mRS score (mRS ≥4) at baseline was an independent risk factor for poor outcomes (mRS ≥3) (Odds ratio, 20.7; 95 % CI, 2.90–209.18; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We elucidated the current epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Isaacs syndrome in Japan. Isaacs syndrome is a rare neuromuscular disorder. Electrophysiologic abnormalities were frequent, and serum antibodies were not detectable in the majority of patients. A high mRS score before treatment was a risk factor for poor outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"472 ","pages":"Article 123442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mortality of myasthenia gravis with myocarditis: A single-center retrospective study","authors":"Nana Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongxi Chen ,&nbsp;Rui Wang,&nbsp;Hongyu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While numerous studies have investigated the onset features of myasthenia gravis (MG) complicated with myocarditis, there are few articles focusing on the prognosis of patients with both diseases. This study aims to examine mortality in patients with MG who also have myocarditis, and to summarize the clinical characteristics of deceased patients with both conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 91 patients with MG were included in our study, of which 19 (20.9 %) were diagnosed with myocarditis. Shorter MG duration, thymoma, history of myasthenia crisis (MC) and use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were risk factors for developing myocarditis in MG patients. Among the 13 myocarditis-MG patients who did not receive ICIs, 11(84.6 %) had thymoma and 5 (71.4 %) of the 7 tested were positive for titin-IgG. In all myocarditis-MG patients, 11 (57.9 %) died from myocarditis (average age 51 ± 18 years), with 9 (81.8 %) having thymoma and 5 (45 %) having a history of myasthenia crisis. Compared to the mortality rates of MC patients (16.1 %) and the general MG patients (1.8 %), the mortality rate of myocarditis-MG patients is significantly higher.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study highlights that MG patients with myocarditis face a significantly increased risk of mortality. Thymoma and a history of MC were identified as potential risk factors for mortality, irrespective of prior ICI use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 123440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating motor unit properties after nerve transfer surgery","authors":"Mathew I.B. Debenham ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Ogalo ,&nbsp;Harvey Wu ,&nbsp;Christopher Doherty ,&nbsp;Sean Bristol ,&nbsp;Erin Brown ,&nbsp;Daniel W. Stashuk ,&nbsp;Michael J. Berger","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nerve transfer surgery (NTS) shows promise in restoring movement to muscles paralyzed by spinal cord (SCI) and peripheral nerve injury (PNI). Yet, motor outcomes vary, and the neurophysiological factors influencing responders and non-responders remain unclear. As the fundamental goal of NTS is to reinnervate paralyzed muscles by creating new motor units (MUs), we examined MU properties after NTS for individuals with SCI and PNI. Nine participants (3 SCI, 6 PNI, 50.3 ± 13.9 years) &gt;18 months post-NTS were evaluated and compared to either age-matched controls (SCI) or the contralateral limb (PNI). We used a sophisticated, signal processing software known as Decomposition-Based Quantitative Electromyography (DQEMG) and near-fiber EMG to examine MU characteristics sampled from needle electromyography signals recorded during low-intensity contractions. The NTS muscle MU potentials (MUP) were larger, and near-fiber MUPs (NFM) were more temporal dispersed than controls. Measures of neuromuscular junction instability were greater in NTS muscles compared to controls (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Firing rates of MU, and MUP phases and turns were not different between groups (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Overall, these data suggest the quality of reinnervation post-surgery requires further investigation as a potential mediator of motor outcome and the required time for successful reinnervation may be longer than currently predicted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"472 ","pages":"Article 123438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal sclerosis in senile dementia of the neurofibrillary tangle type","authors":"Nao Tahara ,&nbsp;Daisuke Tahara ,&nbsp;Akio Akagi ,&nbsp;Yuichi Riku ,&nbsp;Jun Sone ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Miyahara ,&nbsp;Atsushi Nagai ,&nbsp;Mari Yoshida ,&nbsp;Yasushi Iwasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Senile dementia of the neurofibrillary tangle type (SD-NFT) is a subset of dementia in elderly individuals. Recent studies have reported a correlation between hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and aging. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between HS and SD-NFT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a clinical and neuropathological review of Japanese patients diagnosed with SD-NFT. Hematoxylin–eosin and Klüver–Barrera staining, Gallyas silver impregnation, and immunohistochemistry were employed. Pathological assessments focused on identifying HS, neuritic plaques, and phosphorylated transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (p-TDP-43)-positive inclusions. Additionally, we quantified the densities of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and ghost tangles (GTs) within the hippocampal CA1 region.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine patients met the criteria for SD-NFT from the patients who underwent consecutive autopsies from 1994 to 2022 at our institute. The mean ages at onset and death were 84.0 ± 6.8 years (range, 76–94 years) and 91.0 ± 7.0 years (range, 79–101 years), respectively. The mean dementia duration was 7.0 ± 4.0 years (range, 1–13 years). All patients exhibited memory loss although none were diagnosed with SD-NFT during their lifetime. The mean brain weight was 1124.2 ± 132.1 g (range, 980–1390 g). Three patients displayed HS. NFT and GT densities were significantly higher in patients with HS than in those without HS. No significant correlation was found between HS and p-TDP-43 inclusions in the medial temporal lobe.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In SD-NFT, NFTs are more strongly associated with HS. This finding enhances our understanding of the pathological underpinnings of HS in SD-NFT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 123437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WFN service page","authors":"Steven L. Lewis,&nbsp;Wolfgang Grisold","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 123430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mercury concentrations in historic autopsies from Grassy Narrows First Nation","authors":"J.L. Lee ,&nbsp;M. Fraser ,&nbsp;A. Philibert ,&nbsp;D. Saint-Amour ,&nbsp;D. Mergler ,&nbsp;M. Fillion","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Asubpeeschoseewagong Anishinabek (Grassy Narrows First Nation) have been engaged in a decades-long struggle to improve their health and environment after an industrial discharge of between 9000 and 11,000 kg of mercury (Hg) into their river system. Hg concentrations in freshwater fish, central to their cultural identity, livelihood and diet, were among the highest ever reported. Between 1972 and 1992, a Canadian government program measured Hg concentrations in routine autopsies from this community. In 2017, Grassy Narrows obtained their community's autopsy reports. The present study examined the distribution of total mercury (T-Hg) and inorganic mercury (I-Hg) in brain, organ, blood, and hair samples from 21 historic autopsy reports, spanning 1976 to 1986.</div><div>T-Hg median in blood and hair were 6 ppb (range = 2.5–100) and 2.47 ppm (0.41–49.8), respectively. Hg was present in all brain regions (T-Hg median = 53 ppb, 13–299), with highest concentrations in the cerebellum (63 ppb, 16–365) and basal ganglia (58 ppb, 10–420). I-Hg constituted approximately 25 % of T-Hg in all brain regions. In organ samples, T-Hg was higher [renal medulla (290 ppb, 28–4400), renal cortex (1240 ppb, 100–6000), liver (300 ppb, 64–2400)], with greater proportion of I-Hg (82 %, 74 %, 63 %, respectively). Significant correlations were observed between T-Hg in hair and most brain regions (ρ = 0.70–0.77), blood (ρ = 0.56), and renal cortex (ρ = 0.61). While Hg accumulation in the cerebellum has been documented, the basal ganglia has seldom been an object of interest in the Hg scientific literature. The presence of Hg in the brain and other organs complement current studies on the long-term health consequences of Hg in this community. The findings further suggest the need for a closer examination of the role of basal ganglia in Hg-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 123429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse events analysis of Diroximel fumarate based on FAERS database","authors":"Peipei Luan ,&nbsp;Weimin Xie ,&nbsp;Yuan Shen,&nbsp;Qin Zhou,&nbsp;Ying Jiang,&nbsp;Haohao Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123427","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 123427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological mimics of cerebral microbleeds following endovascular aneurysm treatment: Implications for cerebral amyloid angiopathy diagnosis","authors":"Virginia Boccardi","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123425","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 123425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of rhythmic-cued gait training on gait-like task related brain activation in people with multiple sclerosis","authors":"Birgit Helmlinger ,&nbsp;Barbara Seebacher ,&nbsp;Stefan Ropele ,&nbsp;Stefanie Hechenberger ,&nbsp;Bettina Heschl ,&nbsp;Gernot Reishofer ,&nbsp;Sara Jordan ,&nbsp;Christian Tinauer ,&nbsp;Sebastian Wurth ,&nbsp;Paola Valsasina ,&nbsp;Maria Assunta Rocca ,&nbsp;Massimo Filippi ,&nbsp;Rainer Ehling ,&nbsp;Markus Reindl ,&nbsp;Michael Khalil ,&nbsp;Florian Deisenhammer ,&nbsp;Christian Brenneis ,&nbsp;Christian Enzinger ,&nbsp;Daniela Pinter","doi":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jns.2025.123426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Walking impairment is one of the most debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). A better understanding of brain mechanisms underlying successful gait training could help to improve development of targeted therapy. We therefore investigated changes in brain activation associated with improvements in walking function after rhythmic-cued gait training.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-one people with MS (pwMS; median EDSS = 2.5, range:2.0–5.0) and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) completed behavioural and MRI assessments at baseline and post-intervention (four weeks after baseline). All included pwMS received a four-week actual and/or imagined gait training with rhythmic-auditory cueing, while HC received no intervention. All participants performed a bipedal ankle plantar- and dorsiflexion and a corresponding motor-imagery task during fMRI. PwMS displaying a &gt; 5 % walking distance increase in the 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT) from baseline to post-intervention were defined as responders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Responders did not differ from non-responders in terms of demographics, clinical variables, and walking function at baseline. Responders, non-responders, and HC showed similar movement-related brain activation at baseline. At post-intervention, responders showed decreased brain activation within the premotor cortex, precuneus, and middle frontal gyrus during the movement task. Stronger decreases within these areas were associated with higher walking function improvements in all pwMS after controlling for potential confounders. No association was observed between walking function and motor imagery-related brain activation changes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Improved walking function after rhythmic-cued gait training was associated with reduced brain activation in motor planning and attention areas. This suggests a more efficient recruitment of areas subserving motor function after successful training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17417,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","volume":"471 ","pages":"Article 123426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}