Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids最新文献

{"title":"Nonadditive quantum friction at water-carbon interfaces on substrates","authors":"Zonghuiyi Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhuhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Zepu Kou ,&nbsp;Yuquan Zhou ,&nbsp;Fangyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Jun Yin ,&nbsp;Wanlin Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2026.106522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2026.106522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantum friction has been shown to dominate the singular behavior of nanoscale water flows, especially for water-graphene systems of keen current interest. In contrast to classical friction resulting solely from the surface properties of solids, we here show that the quantum friction at water-graphene interface is non-additively amplified by the practically required substrate through a newly developed method at an <em>ab initio</em> level. The amplification of quantum friction reaches one order of magnitude for AB-stacked bilayer graphene and up to four orders of magnitude for monolayer graphene on Ni(111) substrate; the latter surpasses the cumulative friction of isolated graphene and Ni(111) by twenty times. The interfacial electronic interaction between graphene and substrate, not the electrostatic coupling, is revealed to serve as the primary driver of the friction amplification. These findings suggest substrate engineering as a transformative strategy to tune friction at fluid-solid interfaces without surface modification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106522"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining stretching-dominated and bending-dominated dissipation behavior to optimize energy absorption in liquid crystal elastomer-based lattice structures","authors":"Beijun Shen ,&nbsp;Yuefeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Yakacki ,&nbsp;Sung Hoon Kang ,&nbsp;Thao D. Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Architected materials that exploit buckling to trap energy are effective for impact protection, and their performance can be enhanced by incorporating liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs). Beyond conventional viscoelasticity, LCEs exhibit a highly dissipative, rate-dependent soft stress response in tension associated with mesogen rotation. Because buckling typically occurs at strains below the onset of this soft stress behavior, we introduced an LCE horizontal bar into a hexagonal structure composed of tilted LCE beams. Under compression, stretching of the horizontal bar reduces the angle of the tilted beams and suppresses buckling; however, the viscoelastic softening behavior of LCEs creates the opportunity to design geometries that activate both the buckling of the tilted beams and the large stretching of the horizontal bar. In this work, we characterized the rate-dependent uniaxial tensile response of two monodomain LCE materials with different crosslink densities and used these data to parameterize a nonlinear viscoelastic model for monodomain LCEs implemented in Abaqus/Standard as a user-defined element. Finite element simulations of the compression response of the hexagonal structures showed that energy absorption is maximized at an optimal thickness ratio between the horizontal bar and the tilted beams, which shifts with the relative moduli of the two structural components. This optimized configuration allows the beams to buckle before substantial stretching develops in the bar and absorbs up to 2.5 times the energy of a rigid-bar counterpart, depending on the effective strain rate and material pairing. The same optimized thickness ratio applies to lattices composed of stacked unit cells, which undergo sequential buckling and lateral stretching across adjacent layers. These interactions create local load-unload-reload cycles that increase per-layer dissipation with increasing number of layers and become more pronounced under repeated loading. Together, these results demonstrate that LCE-based lattice structures can be designed to hierarchically nest competing dissipation mechanisms across unit-cell and lattice length scales, providing a new strategy for optimizing energy absorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106497"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stationary phase-based theory of diffraction: Modeling three-dimensional elastic wave diffraction from defect edges with arbitrary shapes","authors":"Zhengyu Wei,&nbsp;Fan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elastic wave diffraction is strongly affected by both the finite size and geometric complexity of edges. Previous studies have primarily focused on diffraction from finite straight edges, particularly in applications such as seismic wave exploration, ultrasonic imaging and noise control. However, modeling of elastodynamic diffraction from three-dimensional edges with arbitrary shapes remains underdeveloped, despite its importance in understanding the diffraction behavior of realistic defect geometries for accurate defect characterization. In this work, we develop an edge-segment stationary phase-based theory of diffraction (SPTD) for the accurate calculation of elastic wave diffraction from arbitrarily shaped 3D edges. Conventional edge-diffraction formulations, such as the incremental theory of diffraction (ITD), may suffer from non-physical amplitude fluctuations and even singular behavior when applied to rough or irregular edges, primarily due to the breakdown of the stationary-phase approximation at the elemental edge-segment level. To address this limitation, the proposed SPTD enforces the stationary-phase condition by projecting discretized edge segments onto virtual edges determined by the local diffraction Snell’s law. This formulation effectively suppresses non-physical amplitude fluctuations and singular contributions, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of predictions of diffraction waves. The SPTD model delivers consistently accurate results for a variety of edge geometries, such as straight, elliptical, and sinusoidal shapes, over a broad range of diffraction angles. In addition, the proposed SPTD model is used to examine the limitation of classical modeling methods. Notably, the classical geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) is rederived within this framework, yielding a refined expression that extends its applicability to finite-length straight and curved edges, though it remains less general than the SPTD model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106498"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fully coupled, electrochemical-magnetic theory with applications to solid-state battery materials","authors":"Timothy Carlson,&nbsp;Sanjay Govindjee","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2026.106514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2026.106514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid-state batteries show promise to replace liquid electrolyte batteries as high performance energy storage options. However current design processes are limited by the lack of multiphysics models that are able to capture the multifaceted behavior of the materials involved. In particular, existing modeling frameworks have not been capable of modeling the potentially useful effect of magnetic fields on transport of electrochemical species. In this work, a fully coupled theory accounting for electrochemical-magnetic state variables is proposed. The general theory is then particularized to common solid-state battery materials and implemented computationally via the Finite Element Method to furnish solutions to boundary value problems. As illustrative examples, Li/LLZO/LCO battery stacks with geometric interface irregularities are simulated during charging to explain how an applied magnetic field can stabilize interfaces near irregularities. We are able to show an influence on the trajectories of lithium ion charge carriers and in particular show that the electrochemical potential distribution can be altered by a magnetic field in a way that helps reduce current concentrations near defects – in effect reducing the propensity for dendrite growth and promoting more uniform charge flux.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106514"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling axisymmetric contact problems within strain gradient elasticity","authors":"Lucca Schek ,&nbsp;Aleksandr Morozov ,&nbsp;Sergei Khakalo ,&nbsp;Wolfgang H. Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2026.106513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2026.106513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Experimental testings indicate that the effective hardness of materials, as measured in normal contacts, depends on the size of the indenter. While this effect cannot be described by classical continuum theories, such a size-dependence can be modeled with generalized continuum theories. In this study, the application of simplified strain gradient elasticity in describing frictionless normal contacts is investigated. Axisymmetric contact problems for indenters of different shape are modeled within the framework of simplified strain gradient elasticity using a rigid body penalty-based contact approach in isogeometric analysis. The numerical implementation is verified using an existing semi-analytical solution for strain gradient elasticity. This study reveals significant deviations from classical theory, particularly in the form of the pressure distribution under the indenters. It is shown that the stress singularity present in the classical solution to the indentation test of a flat cylinder vanishes in the case of strain gradient elasticity. Furthermore, the importance of gradient elasticity for describing scale effects of normal contacts with indenters is demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106513"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inference of phase field fracture models","authors":"Elizabeth Livingston ,&nbsp;Siddhartha Srivastava ,&nbsp;Jamie Holber ,&nbsp;Hashem M. Mourad ,&nbsp;Krishna Garikipati","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phase field approach to modeling fracture uses a diffuse damage field to represent cracks. This representation mollifies singularities that arise in computations with sharp interface models and some of the resultant difficulties in the mathematical and numerical treatment of fracture. Phase field fracture models have proven effective at representing crack propagation, branching, and merging. Specific formulations, beginning with brittle fracture, have also been shown to converge to classical solutions. Extensions to cover the range of material failure, including ductile and cohesive fracture, lead to an array of possible models. There exists a large body of literature focusing on this class of models and on the impact of model form on the predicted crack evolution. However, there have not been systematic studies into how optimal models may be chosen. Here, we take a first step in this direction by developing formal methods for identification of the best parsimonious model of phase field fracture given full-field data on the damage and deformation fields. We consider some of the main models that have been used for the degradation of elastic response due to damage and its propagation. Our approach builds upon Variational System Identification (VSI), a weak form variant of the Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy). In this first communication we focus on synthetically generated data but we also consider central issues associated with the use of experimental full-field data, such as data sparsity and noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106495"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A micro-informed thermodynamically consistent plasticity model for clays accounting for double porosity and fabric","authors":"Angelo Amorosi ,&nbsp;Yang Yu ,&nbsp;Zhongxuan Yang ,&nbsp;Fabio Rollo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2026.106503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2026.106503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clays are natural materials characterised by a nonlinear and irreversible mechanical behaviour that originates from the complex internal microstructure composed by particles often arranged to form clusters. Despite the increasing availability of accurate laboratory techniques to measure the properties of clays at the microscale, most of the existing macroscopic constitutive models disregard their particulate nature, adopting scalar and tensorial variables that are treated as pure mathematical entities aimed at reproducing the mechanical response of this class of materials. In this paper, we develop a new constitutive model formulated within the framework of thermodynamics with internal variables, in which we have selected two scalar internal variables, intra- and inter-cluster void ratios, and a second order fabric tensor, to link the evolution of the porosity and the particles orientation at the microscale with the macroscopic mechanical behaviour of clays. Through a new strategy of initialisation of the internal variables based on direct microscale measurements, and incorporating the two interacting scales of porosity and fabric, the formulation can capture some relevant features of clays behaviour, such as small strain irreversibility, anisotropy and critical state, while maintaining the simplicity and the computational efficiency of a single-surface elasto-plastic model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106503"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A unified variational damage model and an efficient length scale insensitive phase-field model","authors":"Ya Duan ,&nbsp;Huilong Ren ,&nbsp;Yehui Bie ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Zhuang ,&nbsp;Timon Rabczuk","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an emerging method for simulating fracture in solids, the variational damage model is currently still mainly limited to the study of brittle fracture. To simulate the quasi-brittle failure of solids, this work proposes an efficient and unified variational damage model (vdczm) within a variational framework, together with its corresponding phase-field model (Tpfczm) that is insensitive to the length scale parameter. Specifically, a crack geometric function associated with the unified phase-field model and a purely geometric rational degradation function are introduced. The introduced constitutive functions are capable of recovering both the classical variational damage model and the phase-field models (including pfczm), thus ensuring the unification of the theoretical framework. This work also demonstrates the specific implementation of incorporating the cohesive zone model into the variational damage framework. The procedure includes deriving an analytical solution for quasi-brittle fracture in the one-dimensional case, based on which an equivalent cohesive zone model is constructed. This equivalent model can accurately reproduce exponential, hyperbolic, and Cornelissen softening laws, and typical constitutive parameters can be obtained by fitting these classical softening laws. Furthermore, this work proposes an efficient hybrid formulation of the unified variational damage model (vdczm), which provides greater advantages in energy decomposition. The effectiveness of the two proposed theories is verified through a series of numerical examples. The results show that both vdczm and Tpfczm are insensitive to mesh size, and Tpfczm is also insensitive to the length scale parameter when it is well resolved by the mesh. The comparison of computational efficiency indicates that vdczm is significantly more efficient than both Tpfczm and pfczm, while Tpfczm is also noticeably more efficient than pfczm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106494"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145845100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pseudo-dynamic phase-field model for brittle fracture","authors":"Juan Michael Sargado,&nbsp;Joachim Mathiesen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enforcement of global energy conservation in phase-field fracture simulations has been an open problem for the last 25 years. Specifically, the occurrence of unstable fracture is accompanied by a loss in total potential energy, which suggests a violation of the energy conservation law. This phenomenon can occur even with purely quasi-static, displacement-driven loading conditions, where finite crack growth arises from an infinitesimal increase in load. While such behavior is typically seen in crack nucleation, it may also occur in other situations. Initial efforts to enforce energy conservation involved backtracking schemes based on global minimization, however in recent years it has become clearer that unstable fracture, being an inherently dynamic phenomenon, cannot be adequately resolved within a purely quasi-static framework. Despite this, it remains uncertain whether transitioning to a fully dynamic framework would sufficiently address the issue. In this work, we propose a pseudo-dynamic framework designed to enforce energy balance without relying on global minimization. This approach incorporates dynamic effects heuristically into an otherwise quasi-static model, allowing us to bypass solving the full dynamic linear momentum equation. It offers the flexibility to simulate crack evolution along a spectrum, ranging from full energy conservation at one extreme to maximal energy loss at the other. Using data from recent experiments, we demonstrate that our framework can closely replicate experimental load-displacement curves, achieving results that are unattainable with classical phase-field models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106493"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145823047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomistically informed partial dislocation dynamics of multi-principal element alloys","authors":"Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Hyunsoo Lee ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Liam Myhill ,&nbsp;David Rodney ,&nbsp;Pierre-Antoine Geslin ,&nbsp;Nikhil Chandra Admal ,&nbsp;Giacomo Po ,&nbsp;Enrique Martinez ,&nbsp;Yinan Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) continue to attract considerable attention. However, one fundamental question regarding their plasticity remains far from well understood, namely, how the nanoscale heterogeneity and chemical short-range order (SRO) control dislocation motion and plasticity. Different from previous studies incorporating statistical variations of the energy landscape into full dislocation dynamics, the current work proposes an innovative atomistically informed partial dislocation dynamics (PDD) method, which directly considers the spatially-correlated non-uniform planar fault energy (PFE) at the atomic scale, and at the same time benefits from the larger temporal and spatial scales of the dislocation dynamics methods. Through systematic analysis, we find that the PFE field exhibits a negative correlation along the atomic slip direction, which reduces the critical stress required for dislocation motion in that direction. In contrast, the correlation characteristics along other directions can be approximated as uncorrelated noise, which also contributes to strengthening. In addition, it is found that SRO only slightly enhances the correlation strength along certain crystallographic directions, while it weakens the degree of negative correlation along the slip direction. Overall, the increase in the mean PFE induced by SRO significantly contributes to the strengthening of the dislocation depinning transition. The proposed model provides new opportunities for designing MPEAs with tailored macroscopic mechanical properties by manipulating their atomic distribution and spatial correlations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106478"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}