Journal of The World Aquaculture Society最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced ammonia tolerance at higher salinity reflects metabolic adjustments in Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae","authors":"Mehmet Kır,&nbsp;Mustafa Topuz","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ammonia, a major by-product of protein catabolism in shrimp, can rapidly accumulate in high-density culture systems, particularly under limited water exchange. It is a common toxicant and a key limiting factor in intensive aquaculture, entering through the gills and causing metabolic disruption, reduced growth, and increased mortality. In this study, ammonia tolerance of Pacific white shrimp, <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> postlarvae (PL) (45 ± 02 mg) was investigated by a series of acute toxicity experiments at eight salinity levels (0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 ppt) at pH 8.0 and temperature of 28°C. Oxygen consumption rates (OCR) were also measured to determine the Routine metabolic rate (RMR) of the PLs at different salinity (1, 5, 15, 25, and 35 ppt) and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L) combinations. The tolerance of the PLs to TAN and unionized ammonia (NH₃) increased significantly with increasing salinity levels. The safe level of ammonia for the PLs was changed from 0.24 to 1.70 mg/L and 0.016 to 0.110 mg/L and 0.4, 1.0, and 1.6 mg/L for TAN and NH₃ at the salinity levels mentioned above, respectively. At any, each salinity level, the RMR of the PLs increased with increasing TAN concentration (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and were 98.2, 115.1, 126.4, 134.9, and 136.2 μg O₂ mg⁻¹ h⁻¹ at 1, 5, 15, 25, and 35 ppt, respectively, at 0 mg/L TAN concentration (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The results indicate that salinity, ammonia concentration, and exposure time interactively affect the survival and physiological responses of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> PLs. Salinity was a key factor, with higher levels enhancing ammonia tolerance, while low salinity likely increased sensitivity due to osmotic stress and greater ammonia uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated histopathological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular analysis of gill responses to acute salinity stress in red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)","authors":"Moustafa Saleh,&nbsp;Rahma Aboueleila,&nbsp;Mohamed Fekri Badran,&nbsp;Jixiang Hua,&nbsp;Yalun Dong,&nbsp;Siqi Lu,&nbsp;Wen-jing Tao,&nbsp;Yifan Tao,&nbsp;Jun Qiang","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Growing freshwater scarcity in China is driving aquaculture interests toward saline-tolerant fish species. Red tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) is a euryhaline species with strong osmoregulatory capacity, making it an ideal model for investigating stress-induced physiological changes. In this study, we examined the gill responses of red tilapia subjected to acute salinity stress. Fish were maintained in either (0 h, Ctrl group) or saline water (17.7‰ ± 0.1‰) for 192 h; time points (0, 24, 48, 96, 192 h). Gill samples were collected over a time course for integrated histopathological and physiological analyses. Exposure to saline water induced histopathological alterations, including lamellar shortening and thickening, as well as a significant increase in the apoptotic index. Using qRT-PCR, we confirmed the significant activation in gills under salinity stress of genes associated with apoptosis (<i>tnfsf1</i>, <i>birc5a</i>, <i>casp6</i>, <i>ddit3</i>), ABC transporters (<i>cftr</i>, <i>tap1</i>), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling (<i>irak1</i>, <i>nfkbiaa</i>). These molecular responses reflect three key processes: osmoregulation (ABC transporters), immune and inflammatory regulation (TLR signaling), and cell fate control (apoptosis). Collectively, they underpin the disruption of homeostasis, immune activation, and oxidative stress observed during acute salinity exposure. Biochemical profiling revealed a dynamic osmoregulatory response: early upregulation of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, NKCC1, and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) was followed by a late-stage oxidative imbalance, characterized by sustained elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced antioxidant capacity. Ion homeostasis became progressively disrupted, with significant alterations in Na⁺ and Cl⁻ levels. Molecular analysis further uncovered a coordinated transcriptional sequence: an initial anti-apoptotic phase, succeeded by delayed upregulation of pro-apoptotic and immune-related pathways (including IgM and LZM), occurring alongside modulation of osmoregulatory genes. Together, these findings provide a mechanistic basis for understanding salinity adaptation in red tilapia.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary impact of shrimp diets containing a mixture of nucleotides, β-glucan, and mannan oligosaccharides on the growth performance, innate immunity, gene expression, and histology","authors":"Samia Elbahnaswy,&nbsp;Gehad E. Elshopakey,&nbsp;El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa,&nbsp;Shaymaa Rezk,&nbsp;Ahmed E. A. Mostafa,&nbsp;Ashraf Albrakati,&nbsp;Khulud M. Alshehri,&nbsp;Abeer M. Alghamdi,&nbsp;Mustafa Shukry,&nbsp;Medhat S. Shakweer","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This experiment investigated the impact of Hilyses, a fermented <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>-based supplement containing bioactive nucleotides, β-glucans, and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS), on the performance and physiology of whiteleg shrimp, <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> (initial weight 4.47 ± 0.07 g). Shrimp were fed diets with 0, 0.30, or 0.50 g/kg Hilyses for 60 days. Growth rate and feed utilization improved significantly with increasing Hilyses inclusion. Dietary Hilyses at 0.30 and 0.50 g/kg enhanced total and differential hemocyte counts, phagocytic and respiratory burst activities, and lysozyme, acid, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme levels. Antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase, were markedly enhanced, while lipid peroxidation declined across the hepatopancreas, gills, and intestines of shrimp fed 0.30 and 0.50 g/kg Hilyses. <i>Prophenoloxidase</i>, <i>penaeidin-3</i>, and <i>hemocyanin</i> gene expression increased following supplementation at both doses. Histological analysis revealed normal gills and hepatopancreas structures with abundant blister (B) cells, indicating that Hilyses supplementation at 0.30 and 0.50 g/kg may promote the conversion of fibrillar (F) cells to B cells, improving intracellular digestion and nutrient absorption, and enhancing shrimp growth. Collectively, Hilyses at 0.30–0.50 g/kg enhanced antioxidant and immune functions and supported healthier tissue morphology, demonstrating its value as a functional dietary additive for <i>L. vannamei</i> culture.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amazon river prawn larvae incorporate astaxanthin in response to dietary supplementation with Bixa orellana","authors":"Tibério Soares e Rodrigues de Oliveira,&nbsp;Luciana Sampaio Lima,&nbsp;Anny Karina do Rosario Rodrigues,&nbsp;Sting Silva Duarte,&nbsp;Wilberforce Ndarawit,&nbsp;Eliane Tie Oba Yoshioka,&nbsp;Victor Hugo Gomes Sales,&nbsp;Njogu M. Kimani,&nbsp;Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos,&nbsp;Jô de Farias Lima","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the effects of dietary bixin, a carotenoid from <i>Bixa orellana</i>, on larval development, post-larval performance, and carotenoid deposition in <i>Macrobrachium amazonicum</i> under controlled conditions. Larvae were reared in a recirculating aquaculture system with a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and fed Artemia nauplii and an inert diet. Two treatments were tested: a control diet and a diet supplemented with 1000 mg kg⁻¹ annatto extract (172.75 mg kg⁻¹ of bixin). Bixin supplementation increased pigmentation and astaxanthin accumulation in post-larval tissues, indicating effective uptake and deposition of dietary carotenoids. However, at the tested inclusion level, it reduced metamorphosis rate and decreased post-larval productivity, while total survival did not differ statistically between treatments. Additionally, post-larvae from the supplemented group showed higher individual weight, although this result should be interpreted cautiously because it may reflect delayed developmental progression rather than improved growth performance. These findings indicate that bixin is a promising natural carotenoid source for <i>M. amazonicum</i>, but its effects are dependent on the inclusion level. Further studies are required to determine optimal dietary concentrations that balance pigment deposition, larval performance, and production efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cybersecurity in aquaculture: Risks, governance, and future directions across production systems","authors":"Indrek Adler,&nbsp;Jonne Kotta,&nbsp;Kristel Vene,&nbsp;Ricardo Gregorio Lugo","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aquaculture is becoming increasingly dependent on connected sensors, remote monitoring, edge and cloud analytics, automation, and digital traceability; however, the cybersecurity evidence base remains fragmented and low-trophic systems are markedly underrepresented. This systematic review synthesizes the literature on cyber risks, governance, and mitigation in aquaculture. The evidence shows that digitized aquaculture is primarily exposed through environmental sensor networks, wireless communications, cloud platforms, blockchain traceability systems, and emerging digital twins. The most recurrent threat families were data-integrity attacks, network-based attacks, authentication and access-control failures, ransomware, and supply-chain compromise. Mitigation strategies centered on lightweight encryption and mutual authentication for resource-constrained devices, intrusion detection and monitoring, network segmentation, permissioned blockchain architectures, and privacy-preserving edge or federated learning. However, only one study directly addressed mussel farming and no study focused specifically on seaweed farming. This gap is consequential because low-trophic aquaculture is increasingly promoted for nutrient removal, climate adaptation, and food-system resilience. We argue that aquaculture cybersecurity should be treated as a cyber-physical and socio-ecological problem: cyber incidents can distort environmental data, disrupt certification and traceability, and undermine both farm operations and ecosystem-service claims. NIST risk-management practices and ENISA/NIS 2-aligned governance offer useful starting points, but they require aquaculture-specific adaptation to remote marine operations and to the capacities of smaller producers. Future work should prioritize sector-specific threat models, field validation, incident reporting, and secure-by-design architectures for low-trophic farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus) extract–loaded chitosan nanoparticles: Enhance growth performance, boost immune responses, improve antioxidant capacity, and physiological performance in white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)","authors":"Nader N. Hassona,&nbsp;Nauman Khan,&nbsp;Maryam Alenize,&nbsp;Ahmed Tayel,&nbsp;Salma Elhussein,&nbsp;Jia Longwu,&nbsp;Huici Yang,&nbsp;Yun Li,&nbsp;Nusrat Liaqat,&nbsp;Xilin Dai","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aquaculture has increasingly turned toward plant extracts' usage as functional additives, owing to their rich content of bioactive compounds that enhance growth performance, boost immune responses, and improve antioxidant capacity in cultured species. This study evaluated the effectiveness of <i>Cyperus rotundus</i> extract–loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CE/CNPs) as a phytobiotic feed additive for <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> post larvae (initial weight 0.74 ± 0.12 g, <i>N</i> = 450). The extract screening revealed high phenolic and flavonoid contents with strong antioxidant activity. The CE/CNPs were subsequently incorporated into the experimental diets at different levels: 0 mg/kg feed (C, control), 150 mg/kg feed (T1), 300 mg/kg feed (T2), 500 mg/kg feed (T3), and 1000 mg/kg feed (T4) for a 75-day feeding trial in triplicate. Results showed that shrimp feeding with CE/CNPs, especially the 300 and 500 mg/kg diets, displayed significantly enhanced growth performance, survival, molting frequency, and feed utilization compared to the control. These improvements were supported by higher protease, amylase, and lipase activities. Additionally, increased protein and decreased lipid retention, and favorable proximate composition were detected. Likewise, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH) and immune parameters (THC, lysozyme, phagocytosis, PO) were markedly elevated, while MDA was reduced. Additionally, growth-related genes (<i>GH, IGF-I, IGF-II, Myosin, Paramyosin)</i> were significantly upregulated. Moreover, intestinal morphology showed increased villus height, width, and muscle thickness. Overall, CE/CNPs represent a potent natural nano-biotic capable of improving growth, health, and production efficiency in <i>L. vannamei</i> aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic effects of disease outbreaks on U.S. salmonid farms","authors":"Carole Engle,&nbsp;Shraddha Hegde,&nbsp;Jonathan van Senten,&nbsp;Ganesh Kumar,&nbsp;Christine Ellis,&nbsp;Gary Fornshell","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70125","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The U.S. salmonid industry is the second-largest finfish sector of U.S. aquaculture, contributing $886 million and more than 2000 jobs to the U.S. economy in 2022. The goal of this study was to develop an economic analysis of the impact of losses from disease outbreaks to the U.S. salmonid industry. Specific study objectives were: (1) estimation of short- and long-term farm-level economic effects of reduction of marketed yield as a result of a disease outbreak on various salmonid production systems, scales, and business models; (2) estimation of the percent reduction in marketed yield that would trigger short-term financial distress and long-term business failure on various salmonid production systems, scales, and business models; and (3) estimation of the potential overall economic impact of a major disease outbreak on the U.S. salmonid farmed sector. Nine representative farm business scenarios were modeled based on earlier versions of representative salmonid farm production systems and scales developed from farm-level data and included: net pen production of 2500 K kg/farm/year of Atlantic salmon; recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS production) of 453.6 K kg/farm/year of Atlantic salmon; trout foodfish production in raceways of 27.2 K, 106.6 K, and 1588 K kg/farm/year and in RAS of 453.6 K kg/farm/year; and trout recreational fish production in raceways of 17.7 K, 83.9 K, and 453.6 K kg/farm/year. Production systems and scales were chosen based on a national farm-level survey dataset and adherence to maintaining confidentiality of individual farm business data. Threshold percentage reductions in marketed yield from disease outbreaks at which farms suffered short-term financial distress (measured by income above cash costs) ranged from a low of 7% (small-scale trout foodfish farms) to a high of 63% (large-scale trout recreational fish farms); values for salmon and the other trout scenarios were intermediate. Based on net returns (that measure longer-term profitability by considering all cash and noncash costs), the thresholds at which farms became unprofitable were lower, ranging from 3% to 59% for those scenarios for which this metric could be calculated (i.e., those scenarios that exhibited positive net returns; several scenarios modeled had negative net returns). Negative economic effects were greater on smaller than larger-scale farms. A mortality event or a regulatory response leading to total farm losses or depopulation (equivalent to 100% reduction in marketed yield) resulted in economic losses (measured as a percentage decrease in income above cash costs) on trout farm scenarios that ranged from −158% of the base scenario on the largest trout farm size modeled to −1520% on the smallest farm size. A regulatory response limited only to additional surveillance resulted in minimal losses of −34% on the smaller trout farm size and −0.1% reduction in income above cash costs on the largest trout farm size. With only one farm scale analyze","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and histomorphological responses of Chindongo socolofi to the long-term replacement of fish meal with defatted Tenebrio molitor meal","authors":"Hasan Batuhan Emre Özdoğan","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The long-term suitability of defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> larvae meal (TM) as a substitute for fish meal (FM) protein was evaluated in <i>Chindongo socolofi</i> over a 170-day feeding period. Six isonitrogenous (38% crude protein) and isoenergetic (4396 kcal kg⁻¹) diets were formulated, in which TM protein replaced FM protein at 0% (control), 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. A total of 180 fish (initial weight 0.44 ± 0.01 g; length 3.14 ± 0.08 cm) were randomly distributed into six treatments in triplicate and fed to apparent satiation twice daily. Growth performance was assessed at an intermediate time point (day 88) and at the end of the trial (day 170) to monitor temporal changes in treatment responses. During the first 88 days, no significant differences in growth performance were detected among fish fed the control, 20%, 40%, and 60% TM diets (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). However, prolonged feeding revealed that inclusion levels exceeding 20% resulted in reduced growth performance. Histological analyses, including semi-quantitative scoring of hepatic lipid accumulation and morphometric assessment of intestinal villi, demonstrated dose-dependent alterations in liver and intestinal tissues in groups receiving higher TM inclusion. In contrast, survival rate was not significantly affected by dietary treatments. These findings suggest that defatted TM can replace up to 20% of the FM protein in diets for <i>C. socolofi</i> without impairing growth or tissue integrity under long-term feeding conditions. Higher substitution levels, although tolerated in the short term, may compromise physiological conditions when applied over extended periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary N-Acetylserotonin offers protection against Shewanella putrefaciens infection in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis","authors":"Xiuxian Zhang,&nbsp;Yiyao Liu,&nbsp;Xurui Zheng,&nbsp;Meiling Liu,&nbsp;Li He,&nbsp;Sijia Chen,&nbsp;Haipeng Cao,&nbsp;Chunlei Gai,&nbsp;Weidong Ye","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Shewanella putrefaciens</i> is an important bacterial pathogen that poses a serious threat to Chinese mitten crab (<i>Eriocheir sinensis</i>) aquaculture. However, the protective effects of N-Acetylserotonin (NAS) against <i>S. putrefaciens</i> infection in <i>E. sinensis</i> remain unknown. In this study, to evaluate the protective effects of NAS while eliminating the influence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as its solvent, the growth performance, hepatopancreatic immunity, antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota, and resistance to <i>S. putrefaciens</i> challenge were assessed in <i>E. sinensis</i> from the blank control, 10.0 mL/kg diet of DMSO-treated negative control, and 10.0 mL/kg diet of DMSO +0.5 and 1.0 g/kg diet of NAS-treated groups. The results showed no significant differences in the growth performance among crabs in the blank control, 10.0 mL/kg diet of DMSO-treated negative control, and 10.0 mL/kg diet of DMSO +0.5 and 1.0 g/kg diet of NAS-treated groups. The hepatopancreatic acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities of the 10.0 mL/kg diet of DMSO +0.5 and 1.0 g/kg diet of NAS-treated crabs were significantly increased compared with the blank control. In contrast, no significant changes were observed for these enzyme activities in the 10.0 mL/kg diet of DMSO-treated negative control crabs. Furthermore, the 10.0 mL/kg diet of DMSO +0.5 and 1.0 g/kg diet of NAS-treated crabs exhibited a notable improvement in the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota and displayed survival rates of 36.67% and 60.00%, which were significantly higher than the blank control and 10.0 mL/kg diet of DMSO-treated negative control groups. Collectively, these findings reveal that NAS shows great promise as a potential prophylactic agent for health maintenance and disease prevention in crab culture.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148322336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining optimal salinity for embryonic, larval, and juvenile stages of golden rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus) using hatching rate, survival, osmolality, hematological, and histopathological parameters","authors":"Bunga Rante Tampangallo,&nbsp;Muhammad Chaidir Undu,&nbsp;Khairun Nisaa,&nbsp;Asda Laining,&nbsp;Rachman Syah,&nbsp;Ramadhan Ramadhan,&nbsp;Agus Nawang,&nbsp;S. T. Mulkia Nasir,&nbsp;Sri Nuryati","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated hatching rate, survival, osmolality, hematological and histopathological parameters to identify the optimal salinity of golden rabbitfish (<i>Siganus guttatus</i>) at three life stages: embryonic, pre-feeding larvae, and juvenile. The study was conducted using a series of salinity treatments ranging from 10 to 40 ppt, assessing the hatching rate and egg osmolality during the embryonic stage, survival and plasma osmolality in pre-feeding larvae, and survival, plasma osmolality, hematological parameters, and histopathological changes in juveniles over 14 days. The results showed that the highest hatching rate (73%) occurred at 20 ppt, with egg osmolality increasing with salinity, indicating an evolved osmoregulatory mechanism. At the pre-feeding larval stage, survival was highest at 20 ppt (32%) and decreased with lower and higher salinities. Juvenile survival was high at all experimental salinities, although stress was evident at salinities exceeding 30 ppt, based on daily stress scores (body color and behavior) and histopathological observations. Histological analysis revealed minimum tissue damage in gills, liver, and kidneys at 30 ppt but higher abnormalities at higher and lower salinities. The findings suggest that maintaining salinity between 20 and 25 ppt optimizes hatching and survival rates during the early life stages, while salinity between 10 and 35 ppt is optimal for juvenile rearing. These results have implications for improving hatchery practices and juvenile rearing of golden rabbitfish.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}