Journal of The World Aquaculture Society最新文献

{"title":"Fermented bile improved growth performance and intestine health by altering metabolic profiles and intestinal microbes in Chinese perch, Siniperca chuatsi","authors":"Qing Guo,&nbsp;Yutao Liu,&nbsp;Lu Zhao,&nbsp;Wenwen Liu,&nbsp;Zhihang Zhu,&nbsp;Houfa Zhao,&nbsp;Cuimin Mu,&nbsp;Xuepeng Wang","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A type of fermented bile acid (BA) named 170HDa was produced using a biological method, and its impacts on growth performance, metabolism, and intestinal microbes in Chinese perch (<i>Siniperca chuatsi</i>) were investigated. Seven experimental diets were established, including treatment groups supplemented with 0.02%–0.06% 170HDa (GN1-GN5), a positive control diet containing 0.04% commercial BAs (GN6), and a negative control diet without BA supplementation (GN7). The trial lasted for 6 weeks. Results demonstrated significant improvements (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in growth indicators such as final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in fish fed diets containing 0.02%–0.04% 170HDa compared to the control groups. Serum biochemical analyses revealed that dietary 170HDa improved lipid metabolism by significantly reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and amylase (AMS) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Histopathological examination indicated that 0.02%–0.04% 170HDa-treated fish showed more intact intestinal villi and less inflammatory damage, whereas the control group displayed notable intestinal damage characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, lysis, and severe vacuolization. Gut microbial diversity was significantly affected by 170HDa treatment, particularly at the phylum (Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Firmicutes, and Fusobacteria) and genus levels. Moreover, the highest activities of acid and alkaline phosphatase appeared in the GN3 group. Meanwhile, elevated levels of IL-1β, TNFα and NF-kB p65 were found in the 170HDa-treated groups. These findings suggest that dietary 170HDa at a concentration of 0.02%–0.04% effectively enhanced growth performance, lipid metabolism, and intestine health in Chinese perch, potentially offering an environmentally friendly alternative to chemically extracted BAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial probiotics enhance growth and immunity of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and resistence to infection by Vibrio parahaemolyticus","authors":"Germain Maurus,&nbsp;Joan Tang Xiao Joe,&nbsp;Quốc Hùng Phạm,&nbsp;Shih-Chao Lin,&nbsp;Ming-Wei Lu","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the benefits of a commercial probiotic, Aqua Fortuna probiotic (AFPB), containing multiple bacterial strains isolated from fish gut microbiota, on the physiological performance of white-leg shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>). Juvenile shrimp were fed varying doses of AFPB (0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 5%) during their maturation period, and their growth indices, including weight, growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate, were measured biweekly. In addition, gene expression levels of growth factors (<i>IGF1, IGFBP, VEGF1–3</i>) and immune-related markers (antimicrobial peptides: <i>penaeidin-3a</i>, <i>crustin</i>, <i>lysozyme</i>; pattern recognition receptors: <i>β-1,3-glucan binding protein</i>, <i>lipopolysaccharide, and β-glucan binding protein</i>; detoxification enzymes: <i>SOD</i>, <i>prophenoloxidase</i>, <i>hemocyanin</i>) were analyzed in digestive tissues via qPCR on week 8. Furthermore, <i>L. vannamei</i> was challenged with <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus,</i> and post-challenge survival rates were monitored. The results revealed that AFPB supplementation significantly enhanced the growth performance of <i>L. vannamei</i>. Notably, 1% of AFPB yielded the most significant improvements in the final weights, specific growth rates, and better survival rates. During the lethal challenge with <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>, groups treated with 5% and 2% AFPB showed higher survival rates at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Gene expression analyses showed that 1% AFPB upregulated penaeidin-3a, crustin, lysozyme, prophenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase, and β-1, 3 glucans binding protein in digestive tissues, whereas 2% AFPB additionally upregulated immune genes like prophenoloxidase and lysozyme. Our findings highlight the role of shrimp microbiota in promoting growth and enhancing disease resistance, providing robust evidence for the use of probiotics as a strategy to improve shrimp cultivation productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization and expression analysis of SYCP1 and SYCP3 in hybrid fish derived from Megalobrama amblycephala × Culter alburnus","authors":"Jia Xu,&nbsp;Yuandong Sun,&nbsp;Chang Wu,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Cui,&nbsp;Yujing Li,&nbsp;Zhongwei Hua,&nbsp;Yifei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>SYCP1</i> and <i>SYCP3</i> are essential testis-specific genes for centromere pairing during meiosis, as well as for spermatogenesis and fertility in male germ cells. However, it is still unclear regarding the expression patterns in the fertile reciprocal hybrid offspring of <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i> (blunt snout bream, BSB, 2n = 48) × <i>Culter alburnus</i> (topmouth culter, TC, 2n = 48). This research elucidated the genetic and expression characteristics of <i>SYCP1</i> and <i>SYCP3</i> through molecular cloning, sequence alignment, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry to assess their roles in both hybrids and parents. The findings revealed that <i>SYCP1</i> and <i>SYCP3</i> exhibited high homology between <i>M. amblycephala</i> and <i>C. alburnus</i>, with varying degrees of chimerism in the BT and TB hybrids. The expression level of <i>SYCP1</i> in these hybrids was intermediate between parents, while <i>SYCP3</i> was more similar to <i>M. amblycephala</i> and significantly different from <i>C. alburnus</i> (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Western blotting confirmed the normal expression of both SYCP1 and SYCP3 proteins in the hybrid offspring. Immunohistochemistry verified the significant presence of these proteins in the testes of mature hybrids. These findings suggested that BT and TB hybrids retained the stability of the <i>SYCP1</i> and <i>SYCP3</i> genes inherited from their heterozygous parental origins, supporting independent protein expression despite slight variations in the CDS structure. Our results demonstrate that the normal expression of key meiotic genes plays an important role in overcoming reproductive barriers in distant hybridization, which is of great significance for genetic breeding in fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofloc technology adapted to regions with extreme salinity and temperature: A pending task in the field","authors":"Marcel Martinez-Porchas,&nbsp;Anselmo Miranda-Baeza,&nbsp;Luis R. Martinez-Cordova,&nbsp;Estefanía Garibay-Valdez,&nbsp;Angel M. Ortiz-Estrada,&nbsp;Yuniel Mendez-Martínez","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70039","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The aquaculture industry faces several global challenges, particularly concerning the environmental impacts of effluent discharge and the spread of viral and bacterial diseases. Diverse strategies have been implemented with different degrees of success. These include recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS, BioRAS), integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA, Aquaponics and FlocPonics), and the use of microbial aggregates on submerged floating substrates (biofloc technology or BFT). Over the past two decades, BFT has emerged as a viable alternative for producing food from aquatic organisms, primarily due to its ability to recycle waste and significantly reduce water usage. Despite this, the technology is not yet used on a large scale around the world. Examples of commercial microbial-based systems are found in Vietnam using chemoautotrophic-based BFT and in Thailand using heterotrophic-based BFT (Emerenciano et al., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). The effectiveness of this technology has yet to be fully established in regions experiencing extreme environmental fluctuations, such as variations in temperature and salinity. This editorial provides insights into how BFT can be adapted and implemented under such conditions, including recommendations for assembling, managing, and optimizing microbial consortia that are suitable for coping with extreme environmental changes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aquaculture is an agro-industry whose contribution to human development has been evident throughout many decades, not only as a food source but also as a generator of foreign exchange, employment, and social welfare. It has even been considered a mitigator of overexploitation by fishing. However, despite its numerous benefits, diverse environmental impacts have been associated with the activity, primarily due to the discharge of effluents containing high concentrations of nitrogenous compounds, organic matter, antibiotics, and various chemical compounds. These effluents could degrade the environment, leading to unfavorable conditions for the surrounding ecosystems' flora, fauna, and microbiota (Martinez-Porchas &amp; Martinez-Cordova, &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;BFT was developed in the 1970s but emerged strongly at the beginning of the 2000s as a solid strategy to overcome some of these problems. Based on the bioaugmentation of heterotrophic bacteria through bio preparation of the systems conditions, including a high carbon: nitrogen ratio, pond lining, reduced light intensity, high alkalinity, proper aeration, and solids removal protocols, the system produces edible microbial biomass for the cultured animals while recycling generated wastes (Khanjani et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). Despite this strategy gaining popularity and solving several aquaculture drawbacks, it was conceived to perform under optimal conditions in which regulating environmental variations is achievable. However, this is not the case for large farms, particularly those in arid, dry climates. In these regions, high temper","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effects of partially replacing fishmeal with peanut meal on growth, body composition, digestibility and immunity in juvenile beluga (Huso huso)","authors":"Fatemeh Davoudi-Sefidkohi,&nbsp;Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari,&nbsp;Omid Safari","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this feeding trial, the replacement of fishmeal (FM) with peanut meal (PM) was examined to assess its effects on growth performance, body composition, digestibility, and immunity in cultured juvenile beluga (<i>Huso huso</i>; initial weight: 132 ± 8.5 g). Four experimental diets were tested (3 replicates; 12 fish each), including a control diet (0% replacement) and diets with 10%, 20%, and 30% PM replacement levels, fed to fish over a 56-day period. The results showed that fish fed a diet with 10% PM replacement achieved the highest final weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate, as well as the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR). As PM replacement levels increased, muscle protein content increased, while lipid content decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Analysis of muscle fatty acids indicated that with higher replacement levels, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) increased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the 10% replacement treatment exhibited the highest levels of essential amino acids in muscle tissue (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), along with the greatest digestibility of dry matter and crude protein (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Immune parameters, specifically lysozyme and ACH50, showed significant increases compared to the control as PM replacement levels rose (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Based on the results, it can be concluded that partial replacement of FM with PM at a level of around 10% can enhance growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and immune response in Juvenile beluga.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, larvae meal improves intestinal health and growth performance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, juveniles","authors":"Sahya Maulu,&nbsp;Benjamin Eynon,&nbsp;Sherilyn Abarra,&nbsp;Mark Rawling,&nbsp;Daniel L. Merrifield","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the effects of dietary black soldier fly (BSF) larvae, <i>Hermetia illucens,</i> meal on growth performance, feed utilization, intestinal health, and immune response in Nile tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus,</i> juveniles. The fish (initial weight: 7.28 ± 0.09 g) were reared in a recirculatory aquaculture system (RAS) and fed diets containing different levels of defatted BSF larvae meal: 0% (control diet), 20% (BSF20), and 40% (BSF40). At the end of the feeding trial, the final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) improved with increasing BSF meal inclusion levels in the diet. Histological analysis of the intestine revealed that mucosal fold length (MFL), muscularis thickness (MT), and goblet cell density (GCD) were significantly elevated by the BSF meal compared with the control. In addition, intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and the enterocyte microvilli length were significantly elevated in BSF40-fed fish compared with the control. Gene expression analysis showed that intestinal chitin digestion-related (<i>endochitinase A</i>) and amino acid transporter (<i>Slc6a18</i>) genes were not significantly affected by the BSF meal. However, the expression of peptide transporter <i>Slc15a1a</i> was upregulated in the fish fed BSF40 compared to the control. Moreover, posterior intestine and head kidney cytokine (<i>IL-1β, TNF-α</i>, and <i>IL-10</i>) gene expression levels were not significantly affected by the inclusion of the BSF meal. Therefore, these results suggest that the BSF meal up to a 40% inclusion level can be used as an alternative protein source in the diets of Nile tilapia juveniles to promote growth and intestinal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and population structure in cultured families of Marsupenaeus japonicus using microsatellite markers","authors":"Hao Xu,&nbsp;Huiyang Huang,&nbsp;Shaoxiong Ding,&nbsp;Yong Mao","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The kuruma shrimp (<i>Marsupenaeus japonicus</i>) is a highly fecund marine aquaculture species with substantial variance in reproductive success. These traits may lead to genetic diversity loss and inbreeding, particularly under mass selection programs. In this study, we assessed genetic diversity levels and effective population size across 18 <i>M. japonicus</i> families using 10 microsatellite markers. The results demonstrated that the cultured families of <i>M. japonicus</i> exhibited lower heterozygosity. Pairwise comparisons of genetic differentiation coefficients revealed moderate to high differentiation among the families. Phylogenetic, structural, and discriminant analyses of principal components identified two distinct genetic clusters within the sampled families. Low effective population size estimates and genetic bottleneck signatures were observed, likely due to incomplete or skewed parental contributions to offspring. Therefore, we recommend implementing mating schemes involving genetically distant brooders. These findings provide critical insights for population level genetic studies and breeding strategy optimization in <i>M. japonicus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flatfish lesion detection based on part segmentation approach and lesion image generation","authors":"Seo-Bin Hwang,&nbsp;Han-Young Kim,&nbsp;Chae-Yeon Heo,&nbsp;Hie-Yong Jeong,&nbsp;Sung-Ju Jung,&nbsp;Yeong-Jun Cho","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The flatfish is a major farmed species consumed globally in large quantities. However, due to the densely populated farming environment, flatfish are susceptible to lesions and diseases, making early lesion detection crucial. Traditionally, lesions were detected through visual inspection, but observing large numbers of fish is challenging. Automated approaches based on deep learning technologies have been widely used to address this problem, but accurate detection remains difficult due to the diversity of the fish and the lack of a fish lesion and disease dataset. This study augments fish lesion images using generative adversarial networks and image harmonization methods. Next, lesion detectors are trained separately for three body parts (head, fins, and body) to address individual lesions properly. Additionally, a flatfish lesion and disease image dataset, called FlatIMG, was created and verified using the proposed methods on the dataset. A flash salmon lesion dataset was also tested to validate the generalizability of the proposed methods. The results achieved 12% higher performance than the baseline framework. This study is the first attempt to create a high-quality flatfish lesion image dataset with detailed annotations and proposes an effective lesion detection framework. Automatic lesion and disease monitoring can be achieved in farming environments using the proposed methods and dataset.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomic identity of Gracilariaceae (Rhodophyta) species tolerant to hot summers: An integrative morphological and molecular assessment","authors":"Zhaojun Zeng,&nbsp;Chunli Chen,&nbsp;Qun Lai,&nbsp;Jinhui Wu,&nbsp;Xinyue Yin,&nbsp;Enyi Xie,&nbsp;Kun Lin,&nbsp;Wencheng Yang,&nbsp;Manning Lei,&nbsp;Xinlu Wu,&nbsp;Youyou Guo,&nbsp;Rong Xin,&nbsp;Jianjun Cui,&nbsp;Xiao Jiang","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gracilariaceae species are among the most economically important seaweeds, with a wide range of applications. Large-scale cultivation of <i>Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis</i> has already been established along the eastern coast of China. However, as global demand for Gracilariaceae species rises, it is crucial for China to expand large-scale cultivation of these species to other coastal regions. Although the South China Sea harbors rich macroalgal resources, including Gracilariaceae, large-scale cultivation of these species has yet to be implemented in the region. To identify heat-tolerant Gracilariaceae species suitable for large-scale cultivation in the South China Sea, we conducted surveys between June and August from 2021 to 2024. Several heat-tolerant species were identified. Taxonomic identity was confirmed through detailed morphological examination and molecular analysis of <i>rbc</i>L and <i>cox1</i> gene sequences. We identified eight species of Gracilariaceae, including one <i>Gracilariopsis</i> (<i>Gp</i>.) species and seven <i>Gracilaria</i> (<i>G</i>.) species. Morphologically, the species were characterized as follows: <i>Gp. heteroclada</i> (long secondary branches with short or spiny tertiary branches), <i>G. salicornia</i> (club-shaped segments), <i>G. vermiculophylla</i> and <i>G. tenuistipitata</i> (slender-branched), <i>G. edulis</i> (broom-like appearance with red-tinged branch bases), <i>G. firma</i> (highly constricted branch bases), and two unclassified species, <i>Gracilaria</i> sp.1 and <i>Gracilaria</i> sp.2. This study contributes to the taxonomic knowledge of Gracilariaceae and provides valuable information for the development of heat-tolerant species suited for large-scale cultivation in the South China Sea.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of the total lipids in three aquaculture microalgae using BODIPY™ 505/515 stain and flow cytometry","authors":"Marlyn Kallau,&nbsp;Huiping Yang","doi":"10.1111/jwas.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microalgae are essential food sources for fish and shellfish aquaculture and contain abundant lipids with diverse fatty acid profiles. Quantification of total lipids in microalgae could assist commercial microalgal culture operations, harvest, and management in hatchery farms. Currently, reported protocols for lipid quantification are mainly for biofuel microalgal species. This study aimed to develop effective methodologies for total lipid quantification in three aquaculture microalgae using lipid-specific probe BODIPY™ 505/515 and flow cytometry. The objectives were to determine the effects of (1) staining concentration and time; (2) microalgal concentration; and (3) microalgal age. For <i>Tisochrysis lutea</i>, <i>Chaetoceros muelleri</i>, and <i>Tetraselmis suecica</i>, the optimal staining concentrations and times were 2.0 μg/mL for 0.5–30 min, 2.5 μg/mL for 5–30 min, and 1.5 μg/mL for 5–30 min, and the suitable algal concentrations were 5 × 10^5–6, 5 × 10^4–6, and 1 × 10^4–6 cells/mL. The total lipid accumulation in all three microalgae was contrary to the cell growth— low at the exponential growth stage and high at the stationary stage (beyond day 9). Overall, the methodologies developed in this study could be used to quantify total lipids in microalgae rapidly and accurately and require a small sample biomass (about 1 mL directly from algal culture). To produce microalgae with high total lipid accumulation, the best time to harvest may be at the stationary stage but not at the exponential growth stage. This study provided a better understanding of the lipid accumulation dynamics in the three aquaculture microalgae.</p>","PeriodicalId":17284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The World Aquaculture Society","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jwas.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}