Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices最新文献

{"title":"Enhancement of structural, physical and tribological behaviors of newly developed Ti–25Nb–25Mo beta-type for biomedical applications","authors":"Marwa Dahmani ,&nbsp;Mamoun Fellah ,&nbsp;Mohamed Nasser ,&nbsp;Mohamed-Cherif Benoudia ,&nbsp;Hezil Naouel ,&nbsp;Obrosov Aleksei ,&nbsp;Gamal A. El-Hiti ,&nbsp;Noushi Zaidi ,&nbsp;Sabine Weiss","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium and its alloys continue to attract the attention of biomedical researchers due to their superior biological and mechanical biocompatibilities when compared to other metallic biomaterials. Our work aims to analyze the tribological performance of Ti-alloy with a new chemical composition (50 (at.%) Ti, 25 (at.%) Mo, 25 (at.%) Nb) and production process parameter variation (Milling time, 2, 6, 12, and 18h) effects on this behavior. The microstructure, chemical analysis, surface topography, friction, and wear characteristics of milled and consolidated Ti–Nb–Mo were thoroughly investigated using OM, SEM, EDS, laser profilometer, and tribometer with an applied load of 6 N in wet conditions using 9 g/l of NaCl. The experimental results showed that all consolidated Ti–25Nb–25Mo samples have a single β-phase due to the high [Mo]_eq value of this alloy with the existence of insoluble Mo and Nb. The presence of Nb and Mo in a solid solution within the Ti-matrix can effectively improve hardness and wear resistance. In addition, it was found that as milling time extended, the average friction coefficient showed a notable rise, progressing from 0.503 at 2 h to 0.512 at 6 h and reaching the highest value of 0.564 at 12 h. Whereas the wear volume and wear rate both exhibited a similar trend of decreasing from 69.66 × 10⁴μm³ and 110.1 × 10⁻⁴ μm³ N⁻¹μm⁻¹ to 27.6 × 10⁴ μm³, 43.18 × 10⁻⁴ μm³ N⁻¹μm⁻¹ with increasing milling time from 2 h to 12 h, respectively. This enhancement in tribological behavior can be attributed to the improved mechanical and physical characteristics of the alloys presented by plastic deformation ability as well as the increased density with milling time to attain the highest value of 4.95 g/cm³ at 12h of milling. Furthermore, the primary mechanism of wear observed in the Ti–25Nb–25Mo system was abrasive wear, accompanied by adhesion wear and delamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave stress monitoring using Co-rich amorphous microwire assessed by free space measurements","authors":"Valentina Zhukova ,&nbsp;Mihail Ipatov ,&nbsp;Arcady Zhukov","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We provide new experimental results on studies of the effect of applied stress on Reflection coefficient (<em>S</em>_<em>22</em> parameter) of Co-rich glass-coated ferromagnetic microwire measured using free space microwave spectroscopy. Studied Co-rich microwire with vanishing magnetostriction coefficient presents high Giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect associated with excellent soft magnetic properties. Tensile stress was applied through the mechanical load, attached to the single Co-rich microwire sample inside the anechoic chamber and the <em>S</em>_<em>22</em> parameter was measured at 2.45 GHz using broadband horn antennas and a vector network analyzer. Upon tensile stress (up to 225 MPa), we observed a substantial change in the <em>S</em>_<em>22</em> parameter. The change in the <em>S</em>_<em>22</em> parameter correlates with the stress dependence of hysteresis loops. The experimentally discovered stress dependence of the reflection coefficient allows for contactless stresses and damage monitoring of composites with microwire inclusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100950"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuel-assisted sol-gel combustion synthesis of monticellite: Structural, mechanical, and biological characterization for tissue engineering","authors":"Naveensubramaniam Vijayakumar ,&nbsp;Senthil Kumar Venkatraman ,&nbsp;Thirumagal Nedunchezhian Soundhariyaa ,&nbsp;Saktiswaren Mohan ,&nbsp;Milisha Koh Magesvaran ,&nbsp;Krishnamurithy Genasan ,&nbsp;Raveena Ann Alex ,&nbsp;Jayanti Abraham ,&nbsp;Sasikumar Swamiappan","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicate ceramics hold significant potential in tissue engineering, particularly as effective bone graft substitutes for the repair of bone defects. The current study explores the pivotal role of fuel selection in tailoring the properties of monticellite synthesized via sol-gel combustion technique using citric acid, glycine, and urea as fuels. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the formation of single-phasic monticellite at 1200 °C with glycine and urea as fuels, underscoring the essential role of fuel in phase formation. Monticellite synthesized with citric acid as fuel (MC) exhibited a higher surface area, which facilitated superior apatite formation, indicating enhanced bioactivity. In contrast, the increased particle size and effective grain growth of monticellite obtained through glycine (MG) contributed to mechanical strength values comparable to those of human cortical bone. Monticellite demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against clinical pathogens, coupled with notable anti-inflammatory properties and excellent hemocompatibility. MC, MG, and monticellite derived using urea (MU) scaffolds supported human-adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell attachment and significant viability and osteogenic gene expression (BMP2, COLI, and OPN) when compared with monolayer culture. This comprehensive investigation underscores the substantial impact of fuel selection on monticellite's properties, offering a strategic approach for optimizing its characteristics with enhanced functionality for hard tissue regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100951"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of AgCu2O nanocomposites via Melastoma saigonense extract: Physicochemical characterization and multifunctional bioenvironmental applications","authors":"Natthamon Prajudtasri ,&nbsp;Narid Prachumrak ,&nbsp;Sumalin Phokha ,&nbsp;Songkot Utara","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present research emphasizes production of eco-friendly AgCu₂O nanocomposites from a medicinal plant extract derived from <em>Melastoma saigonense</em> (Kuntze) Merr. seeds. AgCu₂O samples at varying Ag concentrations (1, 3, and 5 mol%) were produced and then characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance (UV–Vis DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), a vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The formation of AgCu₂O was validated by XRD, FTIR, and XPS results. A morphological investigation combined with EDS demonstrated that Ag nanoparticles appear to cover the surface of Cu₂O nanoparticles, producing AgCu₂O, whereas phytochemicals function as gel-like clusters on the surface of nanocomposites. The AgCu₂O samples were spherical, with particle sizes ranging from 3.08 to 16.47 nm. Addition of 3 mol% Ag to Cu₂O produced a 3 %AgCu₂O with smaller particle sizes (about 6.73 nm) and higher colloidal stability. In comparison to other samples with different silver loadings, 3 %AgCu₂O exhibited higher saturated magnetization (<em>M</em>_<em>S</em>) and enhanced antibacterial activity. In the assays for α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase inhibition, the IC₅₀ values of 3 %AgCu₂O were 6.19 μg/mL and 95.14 μg/mL. The cytocompatibility of the 3 %AgCu₂O was evaluated using RAW 264.7 cells, which showed no toxicity to macrophages and suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide overproduction. Furthermore, the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) by 3 %AgCu₂O was 84.6 % under dark conditions. The resultant nanocomposite may be used for biomedical applications and environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100953"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BaO-modified lead-free borate glasses: Structural, optical, and radiation shielding enhancements","authors":"Yasser Maghrbi ,&nbsp;Heryanto Heryanto ,&nbsp;Shrikant Biradar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Y. Hanfi ,&nbsp;M.I. Sayyed","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a series of borate-based glasses with the composition (55-x)B₂O₃–7MgO–14ZnO-xBaO-1Sm₂O₃ (x = 23, 27, 31, and 35 mol%) were synthesized using the conventional fast-cooling process to examine the impact of BaO incorporation on their various properties. As BaO content increased, both glass density (3.950–4.291 g/cm³) and molar volume (23.104–23.608 cm³/mol) rose. FTIR analysis confirmed the evolution of the borate network, with intensified bands related to BO₄ and BO₃ units and the emergence of Ba–O vibrations, indicating disrupted connectivity. Mechanically, increasing BaO weakened the glass network, reducing parameters such as Young's modulus (from 108.494 to 93.385 GPa) and microhardness (from 4.983 to 4.667 GPa), which is consistent with lower bond strength and decreased compactness. Optically, a redshift in the UV–Vis absorption edge was observed, along with a decline in both the direct (from 3.016 to 2.801 eV) and indirect (from 2.931 to 2.272 eV) optical bandgaps, while Urbach energy increased from 0.311 to 0.347 eV, reflecting higher structural disorder. Radiation shielding analysis revealed that higher BaO levels enhanced the linear attenuation coefficients (LACs) at 0.015 MeV, from 133.567 to 174.656 cm⁻¹, correlating with their respective BaO content and density. For mass attenuation coefficients (MACs), BMZS4 exhibited the highest values at 0.015 MeV (40.703 cm²/g), while the values decreased exponentially with energy increase. The effective atomic number (Z_eff) for BMZS4 started at 44.76 at 0.015 MeV and exhibited a decreasing trend with energy, signifying its superior shielding strength. Sample BMZS4 (35 mol% BaO) exhibited the lowest mean free path (MFP) and tenth value layer (TVL), making it the most effective in radiation shielding. Across all energy ranges, BMZS4 consistently outperformed the other compositions due to its higher density and BaO content. Comparative HVL analysis showed that BMZS2-4 glasses offer superior shielding capability over some conventional glass systems at 0.40 MeV. These findings suggest that increasing BaO content systematically modifies the glass network, facilitating application-specific tuning, particularly in optical and radiation protection domains where transparent materials are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100949"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the practical magnetic properties of permanent magnets in multi-source magnetic devices via cross-scale micromagnetic simulation method","authors":"Zhengping Sun,&nbsp;Lei Li,&nbsp;Guolai Yang,&nbsp;Xinyu Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In multi-source magnetic devices (MSMDs), the magnetization states of permanent magnets (PMs) are affected by the superimposed magnetic fields generated by surrounding PMs, making the accurate evaluation and selection of their practical magnetic properties highly challenging. This interference is particularly pronounced in complex magnetic systems such as Halbach arrays, where conventional nonlinear magnetization models often produce distorted or unreliable results. To address this issue, we propose a cross-scale numerical method based on magnetic moment dynamics to assess the practical magnetic performance of PMs within MSMDs. This method establishes a reference framework for applying micromagnetic simulations to the magnetic performance evaluation of macroscale, device-level permanent magnets. An intrinsic magnetization model is developed by coupling the Maxwell and Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert (LLG) equations with thermomagnetic interactions. The coercivity and dominant magnetization reversal mechanisms (nucleation and pinning) are calibrated using a 3D Voronoi-based polycrystalline parameterization. A cross-scale simulation framework is constructed by scaling the effective dimensions of the main magnetic phase through spatially distributed damping correction coefficients. With strong agreement between micromagnetic simulations and experimental demagnetization curves, the equivalent remanence and demagnetization rates of various sintered NdFeB magnets are evaluated at different positions within existing Halbach-type permanent magnet excited coaxial drives (PMECDs) and permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). Key findings include field attenuation caused by local magnetization reversal and multi-domain formation due to self-demagnetization in Halbach arrays. The proposed method offers a reliable reference for magnetic performance assessment and pre-design optimization of PMs in MSMD applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100940"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and analysis of flexible Mn–Co ferrite material incorporating dual-Rectangular nested resonator (DRNR) for enhanced oil impurity sensing","authors":"Md.Golam Rabbani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Tariqul Islam ,&nbsp;Mohamad A. Alawad ,&nbsp;Norbahiah Misran ,&nbsp;Yazeed Alkhrijah ,&nbsp;Abdulmajeed M. Alenezi","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A flexible microwave material incorporating Mn–Co ferrite nanoparticles, synthesized via the sol-gel method, was developed for oil impurity detection within the 2–6 GHz frequency range. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) revealed crystallite sizes of 21.67–22.53 nm and lattice constants ranging from 9.6873 to 9.7423 Å, dependent on composition. Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) analysis revealed that the Mn–Co ferrite nanocomposites exhibit robust ferromagnetic behavior, with saturation magnetization ranging from 58.50 emu/g to 24.51 emu/g as manganese content increases, highlighting the tunability of their magnetic properties. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based material exhibited a dielectric constant (ε_r) of 6.63 and an increasing loss tangent (T_δ) from 0.0224 to 0.3254 with higher Mn content. The Dual-Rectangular Nested Resonator (DRNR) design demonstrated resonance at 3.008 GHz, 3.948 GHz, 4.72 GHz, 5.356 GHz, and 5.604 GHz, with attenuation levels between −46.50 dB and −21.07 dB. The sensor effectively identified oil levels, distinguishing olive oil (ε_r = 3.03) and palm oil (ε_r = 3.18), offering a compact, high-sensitivity solution for oil impurity detection and advanced microwave applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and antibacterial behaviors of tin dioxide thin films on copper substrates","authors":"Dikra Bouras ,&nbsp;Mamoun Fellah ,&nbsp;Meryem Mokrani ,&nbsp;Regis Barille ,&nbsp;Hind Saidani Scott ,&nbsp;Ahlem Guesmi ,&nbsp;Lotfi Khezami","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tin dioxide (SnO₂) thin films were deposited on copper substrates using a spin-coating technique, where a precursor solution of tin chloride (SnCl₂) in methanol and distilled water was applied. The films were annealed at 300 °C to enhance crystallinity. The study investigates how varying SnO₂ layer thicknesses (3 and 9 layers) on Cu substrate influence structural, optical, and antibacterial properties. Characterization techniques included X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV–visible spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR). The study specifically examines the effects of varying SnO₂ layer numbers (3 and 9) on the properties of the composite. Results indicate that increasing SnO₂ layers affect surface roughness, grain size, optical characteristics, and antibacterial efficacy. XRD analysis revealed a shift in the diffraction pattern, indicating lattice expansion with more layers. SEM analyses identify increased porosity and decreased density, while AFM confirms an increase in roughness with the number of layers. The multilayer system exhibits anisotropic magnetic properties suitable for magnetic and spintronic applications, as evidenced by SQUID magnetometer measurements that reveal a 100 Oe difference in coercive fields between parallel and perpendicular field orientations. As SnO₂ thickness increases, bandgap energies decrease from 3.93 eV (Cu) to 3.89 eV (3 layers) and 3.81 eV (9 layers), as determined by Tauc plots assuming direct transitions (αhν)² vs hν, indicating tunable optical properties. The FTIR spectra of SnO₂/Cu films display characteristic SnO₂ bands and hydroxyl-related peaks, with increased SnO₂ layers resulting in reduced transmittance and more pronounced peaks. Antibacterial activity (n = 5 replicates) of the SnO₂/Cu composite against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> improves with additional SnO₂ layers, showing statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05, ANOVA) inhibition zones of 17 ± 0.81 mm for Cu, 21 ± 0.98 mm for 3 layers, and 32 ± 1.57 mm for 9 layers. The activity is attributed to the synergistic effects of Cu²⁺ ions and Sn⁴⁺ions, which generate reactive oxygen species that disrupt bacterial membranes, DNA, and cellular structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic torque-based method for quantifying the flexural rigidity of microfibers","authors":"Artis Brasovs ,&nbsp;Konstantin G. Kornev","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Probing the flexural rigidity of micropillars and microfibers is challenging as they are short and difficult to handle. We developed a magnetic torque methodology where a coil-generated uniform magnetic field acts on a magnetic microrod attached to the fiber end, forcing it to turn. It is shown that magnetic torque bends microfibers in a circular arc, whose radius depends on the flexural rigidity. Magnetic microrods were fabricated by electroplating nickel on tungsten microwires. The methodology was validated with synthetic microfibers. Available magnetic stages for optical microscopes offering uniform magnetic fields within a millimeter-wide spot can be implemented to study a variety of beam-like microstructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental optimization and machine learning modeling for sustainable Congo red dye removal from wastewater using activated goat bone biochar","authors":"Ghazala Muteeb ,&nbsp;Adil Alshoaibi ,&nbsp;Khalid Ansari","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the use of goat bone-based activated biochar (GB_PAC) synthesized from animal waste as an efficient and sustainable adsorbent for removing Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous solutions. GB_PAC, prepared through chemical activation with phosphoric acid, was tested in batch adsorption experiments. FTIR analysis revealed key functional groups such as hydroxyl (O–H), carboxyl (C<img>O), and phosphate groups, which play a crucial role in the adsorption of CR dye through interactions like hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. BET surface area analysis showed that GB_PAC exhibited a surface area of 91.27 m²/g, with a mesoporous structure that enhances its adsorption capacity. The study systematically analyzed factors such as dye concentration (10–50 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (0.15–0.75 g/100 mL), pH (7.5), and contact time (30–180 min). The maximum adsorption capacity of GB_PAC for CR dye was 83.33 mg/g, and the adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R² = 0.9907) and pseudo-second-order kinetics. Process Optimization was performed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), which enabled statistically guided experimental design and optimization of influential variables. Optimal conditions were identified as 48.596 mg/L dye concentration, 0.398 g adsorbent dose, and 88.23 min contact time, achieving a predicted removal efficiency of 94.34 %. To enhance prediction capabilities, machine learning (ML) models, specifically Decision Tree and Random Forest, were trained using experimental data. These models demonstrated strong predictive accuracy, with R² values of 0.91 and 0.87, respectively. This dual-framework approach, combining RSM for optimization and ML for predictive modeling, underscores the novelty of using waste-derived GB_PAC for wastewater treatment applications. The findings support GB_PAC as a cost-effective, sustainable, and data-driven solution for CR dye removal from contaminated water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}