BaO-modified lead-free borate glasses: Structural, optical, and radiation shielding enhancements

IF 6.8 3区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI:10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100949

Yasser Maghrbi , Heryanto Heryanto , Shrikant Biradar , Mohamed Y. Hanfi , M.I. Sayyed

{"title":"BaO-modified lead-free borate glasses: Structural, optical, and radiation shielding enhancements","authors":"Yasser Maghrbi , Heryanto Heryanto , Shrikant Biradar , Mohamed Y. Hanfi , M.I. Sayyed","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100949","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a series of borate-based glasses with the composition (55-x)B2O3–7MgO–14ZnO-xBaO-1Sm2O3 (x = 23, 27, 31, and 35 mol%) were synthesized using the conventional fast-cooling process to examine the impact of BaO incorporation on their various properties. As BaO content increased, both glass density (3.950–4.291 g/cm3) and molar volume (23.104–23.608 cm3/mol) rose. FTIR analysis confirmed the evolution of the borate network, with intensified bands related to BO4 and BO3 units and the emergence of Ba–O vibrations, indicating disrupted connectivity. Mechanically, increasing BaO weakened the glass network, reducing parameters such as Young's modulus (from 108.494 to 93.385 GPa) and microhardness (from 4.983 to 4.667 GPa), which is consistent with lower bond strength and decreased compactness. Optically, a redshift in the UV–Vis absorption edge was observed, along with a decline in both the direct (from 3.016 to 2.801 eV) and indirect (from 2.931 to 2.272 eV) optical bandgaps, while Urbach energy increased from 0.311 to 0.347 eV, reflecting higher structural disorder. Radiation shielding analysis revealed that higher BaO levels enhanced the linear attenuation coefficients (LACs) at 0.015 MeV, from 133.567 to 174.656 cm−1, correlating with their respective BaO content and density. For mass attenuation coefficients (MACs), BMZS4 exhibited the highest values at 0.015 MeV (40.703 cm2/g), while the values decreased exponentially with energy increase. The effective atomic number (Zeff) for BMZS4 started at 44.76 at 0.015 MeV and exhibited a decreasing trend with energy, signifying its superior shielding strength. Sample BMZS4 (35 mol% BaO) exhibited the lowest mean free path (MFP) and tenth value layer (TVL), making it the most effective in radiation shielding. Across all energy ranges, BMZS4 consistently outperformed the other compositions due to its higher density and BaO content. Comparative HVL analysis showed that BMZS2-4 glasses offer superior shielding capability over some conventional glass systems at 0.40 MeV. These findings suggest that increasing BaO content systematically modifies the glass network, facilitating application-specific tuning, particularly in optical and radiation protection domains where transparent materials are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"10 3","pages":"Article 100949"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468217925001029","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this study, a series of borate-based glasses with the composition (55-x)B₂O₃–7MgO–14ZnO-xBaO-1Sm₂O₃ (x = 23, 27, 31, and 35 mol%) were synthesized using the conventional fast-cooling process to examine the impact of BaO incorporation on their various properties. As BaO content increased, both glass density (3.950–4.291 g/cm³) and molar volume (23.104–23.608 cm³/mol) rose. FTIR analysis confirmed the evolution of the borate network, with intensified bands related to BO₄ and BO₃ units and the emergence of Ba–O vibrations, indicating disrupted connectivity. Mechanically, increasing BaO weakened the glass network, reducing parameters such as Young's modulus (from 108.494 to 93.385 GPa) and microhardness (from 4.983 to 4.667 GPa), which is consistent with lower bond strength and decreased compactness. Optically, a redshift in the UV–Vis absorption edge was observed, along with a decline in both the direct (from 3.016 to 2.801 eV) and indirect (from 2.931 to 2.272 eV) optical bandgaps, while Urbach energy increased from 0.311 to 0.347 eV, reflecting higher structural disorder. Radiation shielding analysis revealed that higher BaO levels enhanced the linear attenuation coefficients (LACs) at 0.015 MeV, from 133.567 to 174.656 cm⁻¹, correlating with their respective BaO content and density. For mass attenuation coefficients (MACs), BMZS4 exhibited the highest values at 0.015 MeV (40.703 cm²/g), while the values decreased exponentially with energy increase. The effective atomic number (Z_eff) for BMZS4 started at 44.76 at 0.015 MeV and exhibited a decreasing trend with energy, signifying its superior shielding strength. Sample BMZS4 (35 mol% BaO) exhibited the lowest mean free path (MFP) and tenth value layer (TVL), making it the most effective in radiation shielding. Across all energy ranges, BMZS4 consistently outperformed the other compositions due to its higher density and BaO content. Comparative HVL analysis showed that BMZS2-4 glasses offer superior shielding capability over some conventional glass systems at 0.40 MeV. These findings suggest that increasing BaO content systematically modifies the glass network, facilitating application-specific tuning, particularly in optical and radiation protection domains where transparent materials are required.

查看原文本刊更多论文

包改性无铅硼酸盐玻璃：结构、光学和辐射屏蔽增强

在本研究中，采用常规快速冷却工艺合成了一系列硼酸盐基玻璃，其组成为（55-x） B2O3-7MgO-14ZnO-xBaO-1Sm2O3 (x = 23,27,31和35 mol%)，以研究BaO掺入对其各种性能的影响。随着BaO含量的增加，玻璃密度（3.950 ~ 4.291 g/cm3）和摩尔体积（23.104 ~ 23.608 cm3/mol）均增加。FTIR分析证实了硼酸盐网络的演变，BO4和BO3单元相关的波段增强，Ba-O振动的出现表明连接被破坏。机械上，BaO的增加削弱了玻璃网络，降低了杨氏模量（从108.494降低到93.385 GPa）和显微硬度（从4.983降低到4.667 GPa）等参数，这与结合强度降低和致密性降低是一致的。光学上，观察到紫外可见吸收边出现红移，直接带隙（从3.016 eV降至2.801 eV）和间接带隙（从2.931 eV降至2.272 eV）均下降，而厄巴赫能从0.311 eV增加到0.347 eV，反映出更高的结构无序性。辐射屏蔽分析表明，在0.015 MeV下，较高的BaO水平使线性衰减系数（LACs）从133.567增加到174.656 cm−1，与BaO含量和密度相关。质量衰减系数（MACs）方面，BMZS4在0.015 MeV （40.703 cm2/g）时达到最大值，随着能量的增加呈指数递减。在0.015 MeV时，BMZS4的有效原子序数（Zeff）从44.76开始，随着能量的增加呈下降趋势，表明其具有较好的屏蔽强度。样品BMZS4 （35 mol% BaO）表现出最低的平均自由程（MFP）和第10值层（TVL），具有最有效的辐射屏蔽作用。在所有能量范围内，BMZS4由于其更高的密度和BaO含量而始终优于其他成分。对比HVL分析表明，在0.40 MeV下，BMZS2-4玻璃比一些传统玻璃系统具有更好的屏蔽能力。这些发现表明，增加BaO含量可以系统地改变玻璃网络，促进特定应用的调谐，特别是在需要透明材料的光学和辐射防护领域。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices Materials Science-Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

CiteScore

11.90

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： In 1985, the Journal of Science was founded as a platform for publishing national and international research papers across various disciplines, including natural sciences, technology, social sciences, and humanities. Over the years, the journal has experienced remarkable growth in terms of quality, size, and scope. Today, it encompasses a diverse range of publications dedicated to academic research. Considering the rapid expansion of materials science, we are pleased to introduce the Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices. This new addition to our journal series offers researchers an exciting opportunity to publish their work on all aspects of materials science and technology within the esteemed Journal of Science. With this development, we aim to revolutionize the way research in materials science is expressed and organized, further strengthening our commitment to promoting outstanding research across various scientific and technological fields.