Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue最新文献

{"title":"[Water Environmental Characteristics and Water Quality Assessment of Lakes in Tibetan Plateau].","authors":"Zhi-Qi Liu,&nbsp;Bao-Zhu Pan,&nbsp;Xu Han,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Tao-Yi Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202111079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202111079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lakes are an important water resource and biological habitat in the Tibetan Plateau. Owing to the combined influence of climate, topography, and other natural factors as well as human factors, the water environment of the lakes on the Tibetan Plateau is facing more and more severe problems and challenges. To clarify the present status, distribution pattern, main characteristic factors of water quality, and important factors affecting the water quality of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, the water environment of 12 typical lakes on the Tibet Plateau was investigated in summer (July-August) and autumn (October-November) in 2020. The field sampling and laboratory test data comprehensive analysis showed that:① several physical and chemical parameters of typical lakes on the Tibetan Plateau differed in spatiotemporal distribution. ② Salinity was the main characteristic of water quality in the typical lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. ③ The spatiotemporal distribution of lake eutrophication index showed little diversity and basically ranged from poor nutrition to moderate nutrition. The spatial and temporal distributions in the lake water quality index (WQI) were significantly different. The lake WQI grade decreased from \"Moderate\" to \"Very poor\" with the increase in salinity area, and the lake water quality in autumn was better than that in summer. ④ The spatiotemporal differences in lake water quality on the Tibetan Plateau were mainly controlled by precipitation, evapoconcentration, and human activities. This study will provide scientific basis for water environment protection and improvement of water ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5073-5083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40496981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Toxicity Testing Organisms for Marine Ecotoxicological Research in China].","authors":"Tian-Yi Shi,&nbsp;Hai-Zheng Hong,&nbsp;Ming-Hua Wang,&nbsp;Qiao-Guo Tan,&nbsp;Da-Lin Shi","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202205350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202205350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the late 1970s, marine ecotoxicology began to sprout and develop in China. Based on the principles of dose-response relationships, some marine organisms are used in toxicity tests to evaluate the impact of marine pollutants on marine organisms and marine ecosystems. At the early stage, marine ecotoxicological research mainly focused on the bioaccumulation, biomagnification, and biodegradation of traditional pollutants such as heavy metals, radioactive elements, organotin, petroleum hydrocarbons, and pesticides, as well as their toxic effects on survival, growth, and other physiological indicators. With the development of Chinese industry, marine pollution has become increasingly serious. In addition to the traditional marine pollutants, toxicological research has been conducted on emerging pollutants with potential risks to marine ecosystems, such as POPs, emerging organic pollutants, nanomaterials, and microplastics. Moreover, the species of marine organisms used in toxicity testing have become more diverse. The selection of testing organisms is essential for evaluating toxicity correctly. The toxicity tests should be conducted on a variety of organisms from different trophic levels to ensure the comprehensive understanding of the impact of pollutants on marine ecosystems. The major types of marine organisms used in the toxicity testing include marine alga, protozoa, rotifera, annelida, mollusc, echinoderma, arthropoda, cephalopoda, and marine fish, which have been used in the toxicological studies of various marine pollutants. The outcome results can serve as the scientific basis for the ecological risk assessment of marine pollutants and the establishment of seawater quality criteria. It should be noted that the sensitivity of different testing organisms to different types of pollutants is quite diverse. Therefore, in addition to conducting a battery of tests on a variety of species which play important roles in marine ecosystems, elucidating the toxic mechanisms in different species is also important for marine ecotoxicological studies. The application of the above-mentioned organisms in marine ecotoxicology research in recent years is briefly reviewed here. Particularly, the six commonly used marine model species (<i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, <i>Euplotes vannus</i>, oysters, sea urchins, <i>Tigriopus japonicus</i>, and <i>Oryzias melastigma</i>) used in toxicity testing are introduced in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"4888-4904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40707851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impact of Nitrification Inhibitors on Vegetable Production Yield, Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Nitrous Oxide Emission Reduction in China: Meta Analysis].","authors":"Fa-Bo Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Ma,&nbsp;Fen Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Liang,&nbsp;Liang-Wu Li,&nbsp;Jun-Jie Wang,&nbsp;Xin-Ping Chen,&nbsp;Xiao-Zhong Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202112046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202112046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the long-term excessive fertilization in the vegetable system in China, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is low, and the environmental problem is serious. Nitrogen fertilizer combined with nitrification inhibitor is an effective strategy to alleviate the loss of active nitrogen and increase vegetable yield. However, systematic research on the above is lacking. Meta-analysis was used to systematically analyze the effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined with nitrification inhibitors[dicyandiamide (DCD), 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), and 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine (NP)] on the yield, plant nitrogen uptake, nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, and nitrous oxide emission reduction effects in vegetable production in China. This study further revealed the impacts of different field management measures on their effects. The results showed that the combination of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrification inhibitor could significantly increase vegetable yield (9.2%), plant nitrogen uptake (10.4%), and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency (11.2%) but reduce nitrous oxide emissions (28.4%). Among the different types of nitrification inhibitors, NP had the highest impact on the yield-increasing effect and the nitrous oxide emission reduction effect, which were 16.1% and 32.0%, respectively, followed by that of DMPP and DCD. Nitrification inhibitors could significantly increase vegetable yield (6.7%-14.7%) and reduce N₂O emissions (14.6%-36.8%) in different nitrogen fertilizer rates. In neutral and alkaline vegetable soil, the yield-increasing effect and the reduction effect of nitrous oxide were higher than those in acidic soil. Nitrification inhibitors had significant effects on yield increase and nitrous oxide reduction under the conditions of greenhouse or open-field cultivation, root vegetables, and leafy vegetables. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that soil total nitrogen content and soil pH were the main factors that promoted the increase in vegetable yields and drove nitrous oxide emissions under the application of nitrification inhibitors. In summary, nitrification inhibitors were an important measure to achieve the goal of improving quality and fertilizer use efficiency, while saving fertilizer and reducing emissions in vegetable production. Farmers should choose suitable types of nitrification inhibitors according to soil and field management measures to maximize their effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5140-5148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40486195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of BTESX in the Northern Suburbs of Nanjing].","authors":"Yue-Zheng Feng,&nbsp;Jun-Lin An,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Jun-Xiu Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202201051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202201051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AMA GC5000BTX was used to monitor the mixing ratio of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, <i>m,p</i>-xylene, <i>o</i>-xylene, and styrene (BTESX) in the atmosphere of the northern suburb of Nanjing from January 2014 to December 2016. The temporal variation characteristics of BTESX and the influence of meteorological elements on it were analyzed, and the characteristic ratio method (T/B) was used to qualitatively analyze the source of BTESX. Finally, the human exposure analysis and evaluation method of EPA was used to evaluate the health risk of BTESX. The results showed that during the observation period, the average mixing ratio of BTESX was (7.28±6.63)×10^-9, and the mixing ratio of benzene was the highest at (2.45±3.91)×10^-9. The mixing ratio of other species from large to small was toluene>ethylbenzene><i>m,p</i>-xylene><i>o</i>-xylene>styrene, which were (2.41±2.61)×10^-9, (1.37±1.28)×10^-9, (0.51±0.48)×10^-9, (0.3±0.36)×10^-9, and (0.22±0.42)×10^-9, respectively. Due to the existence of stable aromatic sources, the monthly and seasonal variation in BTESX mixing ratio was not as obvious as that of other species (NO_<i>x</i>, CO, SO₂, PM_2.5, etc.). The weekend effect of BTESX and other pollutants was not significant. The mixing ratio of BTESX was largely affected by the short distance transportation of chemical enterprises and traffic trunk roads in the northeast, resulting in a large mixing ratio of BTESX in the northeast. The mixing ratio of BTESX was jointly affected by relative humidity and temperature, and its high value area was mainly located in the range of 30%-70% relative humidity. In this range of relative humidity, the high value range of BTESX volume fraction increased with the elevation of temperature. The HI (hazard index) of BTESX in different seasons was within the safety range recognized by EPA, whereas the <i>R</i> (carcinogenic risk of benzene) value was higher than the safety threshold specified by EPA. At the same time, the HI and <i>R</i> values were higher in summer, to which great attention should be paid.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5030-5039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40496976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Scale Effects of Landscape Pattern on Water Quality in Dongjiang River Source Watershed].","authors":"You-Liang Chen,&nbsp;Wen-Min Zou,&nbsp;Xing-Gen Liu,&nbsp;Jin-Feng Zeng,&nbsp;Dan Li,&nbsp;Han-Yi Zheng","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202201128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202201128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on water quality monitoring data and land use data, Dongjiang River source watershed water quality variation characteristics from 2017 to 2019 and the relationships between the landscape pattern of the Dongjiang River source watershed and water quality were analyzed using spatial analysis, correlation analysis, and redundancy analysis. The results showed that:① the water quality of the Dongjiang River source watershed improved overall, but the total nitrogen pollution was still severe. As of 2019, the annual average concentration of total nitrogen in all sampling points exceeded the type Ⅲ water quality standard. ② At the landscape level, water quality was positively correlated with landscape shape index, number of patches, and Shannon's diversity index but negatively correlated with largest patch index and aggregation index. Considering the land use type, construction land was the primary source of total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Landscape shape index and number of forest patches were positively correlated with NH₄⁺-N. The number of forest patches was positively correlated with total phosphorus. However, the largest patch index and aggregation index of the forest were negatively correlated with total phosphorus. The number of patches of grassland was positively correlated with total phosphorus. The aggregation index of grassland was negatively correlated with total phosphorus. ③ It is suggested that management departments should focus on the optimization of the landscape pattern within the 2000 m buffer zone of monitoring points. The reasonable allocation of urban sewage-centralized treatment facilities, strengthening management of abandoned mining areas, improvement of intensive treatment of cultivated land, and construction of shelterbelt in areas where cultivated land is concentrated are beneficial for the water quality of Dongjiang River source watershed.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5053-5063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40496979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics of Eukaryotic Phytoplankton Community Structure and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in Danjiangkou Reservoir].","authors":"Yu-Xiao He,&nbsp;Si-Jie Mai,&nbsp;Yu-Fen Ren,&nbsp;Wei-Guo Li,&nbsp;Tong-Qian Zhao,&nbsp;Yin-Nan Ma","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202112135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202112135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eukaryotic phytoplankton play crucial roles in ecosystem processes, and understanding their community composition and abundance is of great importance to protect the balance of aquatic ecosystems. Danjiangkou Reservoir is a canyon lake in central China that acts as the water source of the Mid-route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project. In this study, the composition of planktonic microeukaryotes from water samples with a depth ranging from 0.5 to 20 m in Danjiangkou Reservoir were investigated using high-throughput 18S rDNA gene sequencing. The environmental factors including pH, water temperature (WT), nitrate (NO₃^--N), ammonia (NH₄⁺-N), total nitrogen (TN), conductivity (Cond.), water depth, and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the reservoir areas were measured, and their correlations with the abundance and diversity of eukaryotic phytoplankton were analyzed. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that a total of 68 genera of phytoplankton belonging to 12 phyla were detected, and the phytoplankton communities were mainly composed of Dinophyceae, Bacillariophyta, and Chlorophyta. In particular, significant differences in the diversity of phytoplankton communities on a vertical distribution were found. The diversity and abundance of the phytoplankton communities in Songgang (SG), Tumen (TM), and Dangzikou (DZK) decreased with the increase in water depth, and the relationship between phytoplankton and water depth in other sampling sites was not obvious. The results of RDA showed that NO₃^--N, water depth, DO, pH, and WT could influence the vertical distribution of the phytoplankton community in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. Among these phytoplankton types, Dinophyceae was negatively correlated with NO₃^--N and water depth and positively correlated with other environmental factors. Meanwhile, Bacillariophyta was positively correlated with NO₃^--N and water depth and negatively correlated with other environmental factors. In addition, Chlorophyta was negatively correlated with WT, pH, and DO and not significantly correlated with water depth.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5096-5105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40496983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Bacterial Community Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Gene Changes in IFAS+Magnetic Coagulation Process Wastewater Treatment Plant in Cold Regions].","authors":"Wen-Yan Du,&nbsp;Jun-Qin Yao,&nbsp;Hui-Ying Ma,&nbsp;Yuan-Xin Hu,&nbsp;Chun-Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Yin-Guang Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202112169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202112169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main objective of this study was to explore the changes in bacterial communities and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS)+magnetic coagulation process wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Xinjiang. The bacterial communities and ARGs in the influent, suspended activated sludge, attached biofilm, and effluent were studied using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that the average relative abundances of Chloroflexi and Nitrospirae in activated sludge were 3.50% and 0.03%, respectively, and their relative abundances in biofilm reached 10.02% and 2.12%, respectively. The average removal rates of NH₄⁺-N and TN increased from 91.89% and 66.76% to 97.71% and 91.90% after the reformation of this wastewater treatment plant, respectively, indicating that IFAS enhanced the biological nitrogen removal capacity of wastewater treatment plants in cold regions. The average relative abundances of <i>Ferruginibacter</i> and <i>Rhodoferax</i> related to iron redox in the biological treatment section were 5.24% and 3.72%, respectively, and the relative abundance of <i>Rhodoferax</i> in effluent reached 9.48%, indicating that the magnetic powder had an impact on the bacterial community. The IFAS wastewater treatment plant had an obvious removal effect on ARGs, and the relative abundance of ARGs decreased from 191.08×10^-3‰ in the influent to 32.58×10^-3‰ in the effluent. The relative abundance of ARGs in activated sludge was 63.25×10^-3‰-72.38×10^-3‰, which was significantly higher than 41.31×10^-3‰ in biofilm. However, the relative abundances of dominant subtypes of ARGs such as <i>sul2</i>, <i>floR</i>, and <i>rpoB2</i> in biofilm were 5.77×10^-3‰, 2.52×10^-3‰, and 2.03×10^-3‰, respectively, which were higher than the 3.15×10^-3‰-3.57×10^-3‰, 1.73×10^-3‰-2.24×10^-3‰, and 1.28×10^-3‰-1.76×10^-3‰ in activated sludge. The network analysis indicated that <i>Caldilineaceae_norank</i> and <i>Trichococcus</i> were respectively positively correlated with <i>sul2</i> and <i>floR</i>. These results can provide theoretical reference for the optimal operation and ARGs control of WWTPs in cold regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5123-5130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40486193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Based on Bibliometric Analysis].","authors":"Xiao-Yan Liu,&nbsp;Ya-Nan Fan,&nbsp;Peng Liu,&nbsp;Qiu-Mei Wu,&nbsp;Wen-You Hu,&nbsp;Kang Tian,&nbsp;Biao Huang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202112303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202112303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the major strategic development regions in China. It is of great significance to clarify the characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil of the Yangtze River Economic Belt for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution and to ensure safe agricultural production. After collecting extensive literature data, we analyzed the pollution characteristics, environmental risk, and potential sources of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Hg, As, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Ni) in farmland soil of the Yangtze River Economic Belt through the integrated use of spatial and geo-accumulation index analyses. The results showed that:① the proportion of soil samples exceeding the risk screening values for soil contamination of agricultural land of Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, Zn, and As were 39.8%, 18.5%, 8.3%, 6.9%, 6.9%, and 6.4%, respectively. Compared with the risk standard, soil Cd had the highest rate of exceeding the standard. ② The contents of Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni in the upper reaches were higher than those in the middle and lower reaches, and the contents of Cd, As, and Pb in the middle reaches were higher than those in the upper and lower reaches. ③ The results of the geo-accumulation index analysis showed that the contamination degree of the eight heavy metals decreased in the order of Cd(0.42)>Hg(-0.28)>Pb(-0.32)>Zn(-0.39)>Cu(-0.42)>Cr(-0.7)>As(-0.81)>Ni(-0.73), where the accumulation risk of soil Cd and Hg was relatively higher. ④ Higher environmental background and mining activities were the main factors affecting the accumulation of heavy metals in soils in the upper and middle reaches. By contrast, rapid urbanization, industrial production, and intensive agricultural activities were the main factors affecting the heavy metal accumulation in soils in the middle and lower reaches. In view of the current status and control needs of heavy metal pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, it is recommended to strengthen source prevention and control and to also carry out hierarchical control and regional classification management of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils according to the degree of heavy metal pollution, geological background, and quality of agricultural products. The ultimate objective of this research was to archive the farmland soil environmental quality safety and agricultural green sustainable production in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5169-5179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40486198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pollution Characteristics of Microplastics in Sediments of Xiamen Bay Beach].","authors":"Rui Yao,&nbsp;Hua-Tai Liu,&nbsp;Yong-Yu Li,&nbsp;Xiao-Ya Liu,&nbsp;Li-Bo Wu,&nbsp;Xin-Hong Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202205346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202205346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics widely exist in various environmental media and have become a global environmental problem. To investigate the pollution characteristics, deposition patterns, and influencing factors of microplastics in the sediments of bay beach, five typical beaches were selected in Xiamen Bay. According to the tidal variation, 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm sediment column samples were collected in layers at the high tide line, middle tide line, and low tide line at the same time, and the characteristics of the horizontal and vertical distribution of microplastics in the beach sediments were studied. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics in 45 sediment samples in Xiamen Bay beach ranged from 39 to 260 n·kg^-1, with an average abundance of (114±26) n·kg^-1. The shapes of microplastics were mainly fibers, fragments, granules, and foams, with fibers making up the largest proportion. The main components were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cellophane, and polyethylene (PE). The colors of microplastics included transparent, yellow, blue, black, white, etc. The average abundance of microplastics showed a certain pattern depending on the beach location, intertidal zone, and sampling depth. Moreover, the abundance and distribution of microplastics on the beach were affected by various natural and human factors such as waves, tides, shoreline shape, the number of tourists, and the cleaning of marine floating debris. These results aid the understanding of the distribution characteristics and sources of microplastics in beach sediments, provide a basis for the transport of microplastics from land to sea, and provide data support for the collection of sea floating garbage and shoreline garbage.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"4931-4938"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40707855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Preparation of Magnetic Iron Oxide/Mulberry Stem Biochar and Its Effects on Dissolved Organic Carbon and Arsenic Speciation in Arsenic-Contaminated Soils].","authors":"Lin Lu,&nbsp;Li-Ling Yan,&nbsp;Mei-Na Liang,&nbsp;Guan-Wen Cheng,&nbsp;Zong-Qiang Zhu,&nbsp;Yi-Nian Zhu,&nbsp;Dun-Qiu Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202112162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202112162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, original mulberry-biochar (M-BC) and magnetic iron oxide/mulberry stem biochar (Fe-BC) materials were prepared and characterized using mulberry stems as the raw material. The effects of carbonized temperature of Fe-BC and M-BC on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and arsenic(As) speciation in soil leaching solutions were studied using soil incubation experiments. The results showed that:① Fe-BC was mainly composed of Fe₃O₄ and was magnetic, and the main functional groups were a C＝O double bond, O-H bond, C-O bond, and Fe-O bond. The point of zero charge values (pH_zpc) of Fe-BC-400, Fe-BC-500, and Fe-BC-600 were 8.92, 8.74, and 9.19, respectively, and the specific surface areas of Fe-BC-400, Fe-BC-500, and Fe-BC-600 were 447.412, 482.697, and 525.708 m²·g^-1, respectively. ② With the increase in the carbonization temperature of M-BC and Fe-BC, the <i>ρ</i>(DOC) of soil leaching solution decreased 11.6-315.6 mg·L^-1 and 78-365.6 mg·L^-1, respectively. The DOC concentration of soil leaching solution was negatively correlated with soil EC. On day 35 of the incubation experiments, compared with that in soil after incubation without biochar (control), the As concentration of the soil leaching solution with Fe-BC-600 decreased by 55.96%, and there was no significant correlation between the As concentration of the soil leaching solution and the DOC concentration of the soil. ③ The available As concentration on day 35 in soil after incubation with Fe-BC was lower than that of the control group; the available As concentration on day 35 in soil incubated with Fe-BC-600 was reduced by 39.21%. ④ The residue As concentration on day 35 in soil incubated with M-BC decreased by 17.76%-49.11%. The residue As content on day 35 in soil incubated with Fe-BC-600 increased by 80%. Fe-BC-600 was most beneficial to reduce the DOC concentration and the available As content in soil leaching solution and increased the residue As content, thus reducing the bioavailability of soil arsenic. Therefore, this study can provide a theoretical basis for magnetic iron oxide/biochar remediation in arsenic-contaminated soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5214-5223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40487594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}