Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue最新文献

{"title":"[Carbon Sequestration Characteristics of Different Restored Vegetation Types in Loess Hilly Region].","authors":"Xiao-Ming Xu, Xiao-Ping Zhang, Liang He, Jin-Wei Guo, Fan Xue, Ya-Dong Zou, Hai-Jie Yi, Jie He, Hao-Jia Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202112174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202112174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 1999, the \"Grain for Green\" Program has been extensively implemented in the Loess Plateau region. This measure has largely been of concern not only for its contribution to soil erosion reduction but also for its effects on carbon sequestration. The aim of this study was to assess the carbon sequestration characteristics of different restored vegetation types in areas with severe soil erosion on the Loess Plateau and to compare the effects of restoration age and slope direction on the vegetation carbon sequestration. To evaluate the carbon density and composition characteristics of different ecosystem types, six typical vegetation types (including farmland, grassland, <i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> Linn., <i>Caragana korshinskii</i> Kom., <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L., and <i>Populus davidiana</i> Dode.) were selected in the Loess Hilly Region, i.e., Wuqi County and Zhidan County in Northern Shaanxi province, which is a typical area for the implementation of artificial vegetation restoration. The results showed that:① vegetation restoration in the semi-arid loess region had a profound impact on carbon sequestration. The carbon density of different vegetations, as well as different vegetation components including above-ground vegetation, below-ground roots, and litter, shared the same pattern as tree>scrub>grassland>farmland. The 0-40 cm soil layer of the farmland showed the lowest soil organic carbon density (1355.5 g·m<sup>-2</sup>), compared to which those of grassland, <i>H. rhamnoides</i> Linn., <i>C. korshinskii</i> Kom., <i>R. pseudoacacia</i> L., and <i>P. davidiana</i> Dode. were higher by 91.4%, 125.2%, 144.0%, 124.5%, and 232.6%, respectively. ② It was common in grassland, <i>H. rhamnoides</i> Linn., <i>C. korshinskii</i> Kom., and <i>P. davidiana</i> Dode. for the carbon density of different vegetation components as well as soil organic carbon density of different soil layers (0-5, 5-20, and 20-40 cm) to generally show an increasing trend with increased restoration age. ③ Slope direction had a significant impact on the vegetation carbon density only for <i>H. rhamnoides</i> Linn., <i>C. korshinskii</i> Kom., <i>R. pseudoacacia</i> L., and <i>P. davidiana</i> Dode., while showing the contrary for farmland and grassland. Soil organic carbon densities for sunny slopes were significantly lower than those for shaded slopes by 22.9%, 34.3%, 75.8%, 49.1%, 22.4%, and 69.4%, respectively, for farmland, grassland, <i>H. rhamnoides</i> Linn., <i>C. korshinskii</i> Kom., <i>R. pseudoacacia</i> L., and <i>P. davidiana</i> Dode. ④ Ecosystem carbon density varied significantly for different ecosystem types, among which farmland showed the lowest (2022.1 g·m<sup>-2</sup>), and grassland, <i>H. rhamnoides</i> Linn., <i>C. korshinskii</i> Kom., <i>R. pseudoacacia</i> L., and <i>P. davidiana</i> Dode. showed values higher by 48.7%, 152.8%, 125.1%, 166.3%, and 530.7%, respectively. The carbon density of each ecosystem component showed a pattern a","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5263-5273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40512791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Challenges Regarding the Co-emission of Emerging Pollutants to Eco-environmental Monitoring and Management].","authors":"Pei Wang,&nbsp;Xin-Yi Huang,&nbsp;Zhi-Wei Cao,&nbsp;Zhao-Yang Wu,&nbsp;Yong-Long Lü","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202205344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202205344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging pollutants have drawn global concerns under rapid urbanization and industrialization. However, research has been relatively independent on specific groups of pollutants due to the limitation of the discipline. In this study, from the perspective of interdisciplinary research, taking the fluorochemical industry as an example, two major categories of emerging pollutants, per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and ozone-depleting substances (ODS), were discussed regarding their co-emission. The co-production mechanism of the two types of pollutants were discussed from the production processes to reveal their internal relationship; their differences and cross-processes in the emission routes were analyzed, as well as the technical approaches and challenges required in sample collection, pretreatment, and instrumental analysis. The eco-environmental effects, including ecological and human health risks, ozone depletion, and global warming effects caused by the two types of pollutants in different media were comprehensively summarized. We also further expanded the perspectives of stakeholder analysis, life cycle analysis, and mass balance analysis to provide suggestions for further research and management of emerging pollutant co-emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"4801-4809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40707900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Nitric Oxide Emissions from Chinese Upland Cropping Systems and Mitigation Strategies: A Meta-analysis].","authors":"Zheng-Yun Tian,&nbsp;Xiong-Wei Wu,&nbsp;Yuan-Yuan Wu,&nbsp;Jia-Nan Wei,&nbsp;He Bai,&nbsp;Jiang-Xin Gu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202202036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202202036","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agroecosystems are a significant source of nitric oxide (NO), a potent atmospheric pollutant. It has been well documented that the NO emissions from upland cropping systems and their emission factors are large relative to those from paddy fields. However, a clear understanding of their uncertainty and regulating factors is still lacking. To date, various field experiments have been conducted to investigate NO emissions and mitigation, providing an opportunity for a Meta-analysis. The aims of this study were to 1 investigate the uncertainty and regulating factors of NO emissions and emission factors from maize-winter wheat rotations, non-waterlogging period in rice-winter wheat rotations, vegetable fields, tea plantations, and fruit orchards across China by extracting data from peer-reviewed publications, and 2 quantify the mitigation potential of management practices, such as reducing nitrogen fertilizer input, organic substitution with chemical fertilizers, and application of enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers or biochar by performing a pairwise Meta-analysis. A total of 49 references (published from 2006 to 2021) were collected. The results showed that annual NO emissions from the maize-winter wheat rotations, tea plantations, and fruit orchards averaged 1.44, 7.45, and 0.92 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively, with significant differences among the three cropping systems (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The seasonal NO emissions from the non-waterlogging period in rice-winter wheat rotations and vegetable fields within a single growth period averaged 2.13 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; and 2.09 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively. The NO emissions positively related to nitrogen inputs in the maize-winter wheat rotations, non-waterlogging period in rice-winter wheat rotations, and tea plantations (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01) but not in the vegetable fields and fruit orchards. The emission factors averaged 0.31%, 0.71%, 0.96%, 1.74%, and 0.13% in the maize-winter wheat rotations, non-waterlogging period in rice-winter wheat rotations, vegetable fields, tea plantations, and fruit orchards, respectively, with significant differences among the cropping systems (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01), except between the maize-winter wheat rotations and non-waterlogging period in rice-winter wheat rotations or vegetable fields (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05). Considering the substantial differences in emission factors among the cropping systems, a specific emission factor for each system should be applied when estimating an agricultural NO budget at a regional or national scale. Reducing nitrogen input only mitigated NO emissions (by 36%) at a reducing nitrogen ratio above 25% but did not impact emission factors. An optimal reducing nitrogen ratio has to be further evaluated without crop productivity penalties. Organic substitution in soils with organic carbon content&lt;15 g·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; or pH&lt;7 and application of enhanced-efficiency fertilizers in the maize-winter wheat rotation simultaneously mitigated NO emissions (by -","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5131-5139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40486194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characterization and Formation Mechanism of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in Summer in the Urban Agglomeration of the Ili River Valley].","authors":"Qiao Chen,&nbsp;Chao Gu,&nbsp;Tao Xu,&nbsp;Chun-Hua Zhou,&nbsp;Guo-Tao Zhag,&nbsp;Xue-Yan Zhao,&nbsp;Li-Ping Wu,&nbsp;Xin-Qi Li,&nbsp;Wen Yang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202201090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202201090","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The simultaneous observation and analysis of atmospheric particles on a regional scale is an important approach to developing control strategies for air pollution. To study the spatial distribution characteristics of particulate matter and water-soluble inorganic ions in the Ili Valley Urban agglomeration, PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; samples were synchronously collected from July 19 to July 29, 2021 in Yining City and the surrounding three counties, and then nine types of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) were analyzed. The spatial distribution characteristics, existence form of WSIIs, and influencing factors were discussed in depth. The results showed that the average &lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;(PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;) and &lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;(PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;) in the Ili River Valley urban agglomeration in summer were 23 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; and 59 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively. The emission of local industrial and mobile sources in Yining City was higher than that of the surrounding three counties, resulting in the highest &lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;(PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;) in the region (25 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;). Due to the influence of dust sources and topography, the &lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;(PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;) in Yining county was the highest in the region (63 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;). Huocheng county is located upwind of the region, and these favorable diffusion conditions resulted in the lowest &lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;(PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;) and &lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;(PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;) (20 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; and 49 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively). The concentrations of WSIIs in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; ranged from 28.2%-29.9% and 16.0%-20.2%, respectively. The four main ions (SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;, NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, and Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;) accounted for approximately 90% of WSIIs mass concentrations. The concentration order of the four main ions in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; was SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;&gt;Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&gt;NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; and SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;&gt;Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&gt;NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; in PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;. The results of correlation analysis showed that the similar SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; concentrations in the four cities were mainly caused by regional transport. Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; was the highest-concentration ion in PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; of Yining City and Qapqal Xibe Autonomous county, and the proportion of Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; was significantly higher than that in most cities in China, which reflected that the cities in the core area of the Ili Valley were greatly affected by the dust sources. The ratios of &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;(NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;)/&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;(SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;) in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; were 0.78 and 0.76, respectively, indicating that the influence of stationary sources was greater than that of mobile sources. The ratio of &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;(NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;)/&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;(SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;) in Yining City&gt;Huocheng county&gt;Yining county&gt;Qapqal Xibe Autonomous county, which was consi","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5009-5017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40496977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Karst Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Carlin-type Gold Mining Area Based on Hydrochemistry and Sulfur Isotope].","authors":"Xue-Fang Zha,&nbsp;Pan Wu,&nbsp;Xue-Xian Li,&nbsp;Shi-Wan Chen,&nbsp;Jia-Yan Huang,&nbsp;Qing-Guang Li,&nbsp;Si-Rui Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202112141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202112141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mining activities change the groundwater level and flow conditions through pumping and drainage, which enhances the interaction between groundwater and aquifer rocks; mine drainage is discharged into the surface water system, which affects the whole karst water hydrogeochemical process. Based on hydrogeochemistry and the <i>δ</i>³⁴S isotope, the hydrogeochemical processes, characteristics, and main controlling factors for waste water, karst groundwater, and surface water in a typical Carlin gold mining area and its surrounding areas were revealed. The results showed that:chemical compositions of groundwater and surface water unaffected by gold mining activities were mainly controlled by the weathering of limestone and dolomitic limestone; Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and HCO₃^- were main ions; and the water chemical types were Ca-HCO₃. The mine wastewater and its downstream receiving water were affected by the dissolution of carbonate and silicate minerals, and cation exchange also played a role; the main ions were Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, and SO₄^2-, and the hydrochemical type gradually evolved from Ca-HCO₃ to Ca-SO₄. SO₄^2- was the characteristic component in various water bodies affected by mining, and the concentration of SO₄^2- gradually decreased from top to bottom in the well. The values of <i>δ</i>³⁴S for unaffected groundwater and surface water were positive, and SO₄^2- was mainly derived from realgar oxidation. Conversely, mine wastewater and downstream water were negative, SO₄^2- was mainly influenced by the mixing action of realgar oxidation and meteoric precipitation, and pyrite also contributed to a certain extent. At the same time, NO₃^- came from agricultural fertilizer and rural domestic sewage discharge directly. Principal component analysis (PCA) further demonstrated:sulfide mineral oxidation and mining activities were the main controlling factors for the water chemical composition of mine wastewater and downstream water, whereas unaffected groundwater and surface water were mainly influenced by water-rock (carbonate rock) interactions. Agricultural fertilizer and rural sewage discharge also had a certain influence. Therefore, the study area should strengthen the interception of surface water, control-block-management of sulfide oxidation, rural domestic sewage treatment, and agricultural fertilizer.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5084-5095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40496982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Response of Soil Multifunctionality to Reduced Microbial Diversity].","authors":"Gui-Xian Chen,&nbsp;Chuan-Fa Wu,&nbsp;Ti-da Ge,&nbsp;Jian-Ping Chen,&nbsp;Yang-Wu Deng","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202201095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202201095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil microbial communities play an important role in driving a variety of ecosystem functions and ecological processes and are the primary driving force in maintaining the biogeochemical cycle. It has been observed that soil microbial diversity decreases with land use intensification and climate change in the global background. It is essential to investigate whether the reduction in soil microbial diversity can affect soil multifunctionality. Thus, in this study, the dilution-to-extinction method was used to construct the gradient of soil microbial diversity, combined with high-throughput sequencing to explore the impact of the reduction in bacterial, fungal, and protist diversity on soil multifunctionality. The results showed that the soil microbial alpha diversity (richness and Shannon index) was significantly lower than that of the original soil. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that the microbial community structure of original soil was significantly different from that of diluted soil, and the response of bacterial and fungal communities to diluted soil was higher than that of protists. The regression model showed that there was a significant negative linear relationship between the average response value of soil multi-function and the index of microbial diversity, indicating that the change in soil microbial community was the key factor in regulating soil multifunctionality. The regression model showed that there was a significant negative linear relationship between soil multifunctionality and microbial diversity, indicating that the change in soil microbial community was the key factor to regulate soil multi-kinetic energy. Through the aggregated boosted tree analysis (ABT) and regression model, we found that some specific microbial groups, such as the <i>Solacocozyma</i> and <i>Holtermaniella</i> of fungi and <i>Rudaea</i> of bacteria, could significantly promote the change in soil multifunctionality, which showed that key microbial taxa play an indicative role in biological processes. Furthermore, the structural equation model revealed that bacteria could affect soil multifunctionality through the interaction between microbiomes, which was the key biological factor driving the change in soil multifunctionality. This study provided experimental evidence for the impact of soil microbial diversity on soil multifunctionality, and promoted the notion that maintaining a certain diversity of soil microbial community in a single agricultural ecosystem, especially the diversity of key microbial taxa, is of great significance to the sustainable development of ecosystem function in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5274-5285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40512792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research Progress on the Determination of Sulfide in Natural Waters: From Laboratory Analysis to In-Situ Monitoring].","authors":"Peng Li,&nbsp;Kun-de Lin,&nbsp;Dong-Xing Yuan","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202205327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202205327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sulfide in natural waters is highly toxic to aquatic organisms. The occurrence of sulfide in natural waters is closely related to water quality and the biogeochemical processes of many other elements because of the labile chemical properties of sulfide. Therefore, it is very important to obtain real and timely concentrations of sulfide in natural waters. In fact, the determination of sulfide in natural waters has long been a hot issue in the field of environmental monitoring. Researchers have developed various analytical methods, mainly based on spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, chemiluminescence, electrochemistry, chromatography, and flow-based techniques. In addition, substantial progress has been made in the aspect of automation and intelligence. This review systematically summarized the state-of-the-art progress on the determination of sulfide in natural waters, including sample collection and pretreatment, laboratory analysis, on-site analysis, and in-situ monitoring. The advantages and disadvantages and application scope of each method were compared. The trend of future development was also proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"4835-4844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40707903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Metagenomic and Metatranscriptomic Analysis of Nitrogen Removal Functional Microbial Community of Petrochemical Wastewater Biological Treatment Systems].","authors":"Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Jia-Jia Zhou,&nbsp;Min Zhou,&nbsp;Xi-Zi Luo,&nbsp;Xin-Jie Yan,&nbsp;Yong-di Liu,&nbsp;Wei Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202112283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202112283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Petrochemicals are one of the pillar industries of China. Despite this, the treatment of petrochemical wastewater has long been seen as a massive challenge in the field of water pollution control, hindering the high-quality and sustainable development of the petrochemical industry. The majority of petrochemical enterprises and zones are located near rivers or seas, so their wastewater discharges can easily cause watershed or regional water ecological risks. Specifically, nitrogen pollution in petrochemical wastewater poses a significant threat to water ecological safety and human health. Sludge samples were collected from a petrochemical wastewater A/O nitrogen removal process line in a chemical industry zone in Shanghai. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic methods were used to analyze the community structure of microorganisms, the functional characteristics of nitrogen removal bacteria, and the key nitrogen metabolism pathways in different sludges during the period when effluent water quality was stable and fluctuating. During the study, it was found that the nitrite and nitrate removal was relatively stable in this process, but ammonia oxidation fluctuated easily. In the study of microbial communities, it was found to be a nitrification-denitrification pathway that primarily removed nitrogen from the A/O process, and no genes related to ANAMMOX were detected. Approximately 90% of the functional genes responsible for removing nitrogen were responsible for denitrification, whereas only 0.17% of them were involved in the conversion of ammonia nitrogen in the nitrification process. Moreover, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the process was extremely low, and the main genus was <i>Nitrosomonas</i>. It is likely that this is the main cause of fluctuations in ammonia nitrogen concentration in effluent due to water quality shocks in the process line.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5115-5122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40486192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Carbon Storage in the Source Region of the Yellow River Based on InVEST and GeoSoS-FLUS Models and Its Response to Different Future Scenarios].","authors":"Jian-Kun Hou,&nbsp;Jian-Jun Chen,&nbsp;Kai-Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Guo-Qing Zhou,&nbsp;Hao-Tian You,&nbsp;Xiao-Wen Han","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202201267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202201267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regional land use change is the main cause of carbon storage changes in ecosystems. Predicting the impact of future land use changes on carbon storage is of great significance for the sustainable development of carbon storage functions. In recent years, under the combined action of natural and human factors, the land use in the source region of the Yellow River has changed significantly, and its carbon storage function has also changed accordingly. This study combined InVEST and GeoSoS-FLUS models to evaluate land use change and its impact on carbon storage in the source region of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2020 and from 2020 to 2040 under different scenarios. The results showed that:① from 2000 to 2020, the carbon storage in the source region of the Yellow River showed an overall upward trend, with a total increase of 11.59×10⁶ t. ② Over the past 20 years, the land use changes in the source region of the Yellow River included mainly the increase in the area of low-coverage grassland, construction land, and wetland and the decrease in the area of high-coverage grassland, medium-coverage grassland, and unused land, as well as the large-scale reduction of unused land and the reduction of grassland. The increase in the area of wetlands was the main reason for the increase in carbon storage. ③ Under the natural change scenario in 2040, the ecosystem carbon storage in the source region of the Yellow River was 871.34×10⁶ t, an increase of 3.92×10⁶ t compared with that in 2020. Under the ecological protection scenario, carbon storage increased significantly, with an increase of 13.53×10⁶ t compared with that in 2020. The results of this study can provide a scientific reference for the decision-making of land use management and the sustainable development of carbon storage function in the source region of the Yellow River.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5253-5262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40487598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ecological Risk Assessment of Microplastics Occurring in Surface Water of Terrestrial Water Systems across China].","authors":"Xiao-Nan Sun,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Qi-Long Jia,&nbsp;Yi Zhu,&nbsp;Chang-Wen Ma,&nbsp;Jian-Feng Ye","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202202181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202202181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess the ecological risk of microplastics (MPs) occurring in the surface water of terrestrial water systems across China, this study obtained relevant literature and data by searching keywords including microplastics, urban, and river on websites such as Science Direct and Web of Science. We constructed an evaluation method of ecological risk characterization ratio (RCR) based on chemical hazard data, as well as data of MPs abundance and polymer proportion originating in studies from 2017 to 2021 that covered 33 water bodies in 15 provinces. The results showed that the average abundance of MPs in natural water bodies in China reached (3604.2±5926.4) n·m^-3, and the average abundance of MPs in urban water bodies was (7722.6±9505.7) n·m^-3. The corresponding average RCR of natural water bodies was 22.09±45.2, and the average RCR of urban water bodies was 15.67±34.8. Therefore, according to the value of RCR, the ecological risk could be rated as four levels. Of these, no significant risk (RCR ≤ 1) was found in 17 water bodies, accounting for 42.5%; low ecological risks (RCR 1-10) were found in 12 water bodies (30%); medium ecological risks (RCR 10-100) were found in 9 water bodies (22.5%); and high ecological risks (RCR>100) were found in 2 water bodies (5%). Data analysis showed a significant correlation between MPs abundance and RCR values in natural water bodies (<i>R</i>²=0.875, <i>P</i><0.01), though not in urban water bodies. This suggested that the high abundance of MPs could not precisely indicate a high degree of ecological risk in the area. In addition, RCR values were observed to be positively correlated with the watershed area (<i>R</i>²=0.864, <i>P</i><0.01), and MPs abundance was correlated with GDP (<i>R</i>²=0.679, <i>P</i><0.05) and watershed resident population (<i>R</i>²=0.922, <i>P</i><0.05). This study provides baseline data for evaluating the ecological risk of MPs and a feasible method for evaluating the ecological risk of MPs in surface water of terrestrial water systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":172067,"journal":{"name":"Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue","volume":"43 11","pages":"5040-5052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40496978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}