[Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of BTESX in the Northern Suburbs of Nanjing].

Abstract

AMA GC5000BTX was used to monitor the mixing ratio of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, o-xylene, and styrene (BTESX) in the atmosphere of the northern suburb of Nanjing from January 2014 to December 2016. The temporal variation characteristics of BTESX and the influence of meteorological elements on it were analyzed, and the characteristic ratio method (T/B) was used to qualitatively analyze the source of BTESX. Finally, the human exposure analysis and evaluation method of EPA was used to evaluate the health risk of BTESX. The results showed that during the observation period, the average mixing ratio of BTESX was (7.28±6.63)×10^-9, and the mixing ratio of benzene was the highest at (2.45±3.91)×10^-9. The mixing ratio of other species from large to small was toluene>ethylbenzene>m,p-xylene>o-xylene>styrene, which were (2.41±2.61)×10^-9, (1.37±1.28)×10^-9, (0.51±0.48)×10^-9, (0.3±0.36)×10^-9, and (0.22±0.42)×10^-9, respectively. Due to the existence of stable aromatic sources, the monthly and seasonal variation in BTESX mixing ratio was not as obvious as that of other species (NO_x, CO, SO₂, PM_2.5, etc.). The weekend effect of BTESX and other pollutants was not significant. The mixing ratio of BTESX was largely affected by the short distance transportation of chemical enterprises and traffic trunk roads in the northeast, resulting in a large mixing ratio of BTESX in the northeast. The mixing ratio of BTESX was jointly affected by relative humidity and temperature, and its high value area was mainly located in the range of 30%-70% relative humidity. In this range of relative humidity, the high value range of BTESX volume fraction increased with the elevation of temperature. The HI (hazard index) of BTESX in different seasons was within the safety range recognized by EPA, whereas the R (carcinogenic risk of benzene) value was higher than the safety threshold specified by EPA. At the same time, the HI and R values were higher in summer, to which great attention should be paid.