Journal of the American Dental Association最新文献

{"title":"The OHStat Guidelines for Reporting Observational Studies and Clinical Trials in Oral Health Research: explanation and elaboration","authors":"Al M. Best PhD,&nbsp;Thomas A. Lang MA,&nbsp;Barbara L. Greenberg PhD,&nbsp;John C. Gunsolley DDS, MS,&nbsp;Effie Ioannidou DDS, MDS,&nbsp;Task Force on Design and Analysis in Oral Health Research","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adequate and transparent reporting is necessary for critically appraising research. Yet, evidence suggests that the design, conduct, analysis, interpretation, and reporting of oral health research could be greatly improved. Accordingly, the Task Force on Design and Analysis in Oral Health Research—statisticians and trialists from academia and industry—empaneled a group of authors to develop methodological and statistical reporting guidelines identifying the minimum information needed to document and evaluate observational studies and clinical trials in oral health: the OHstat Guidelines. Drafts were circulated to the editors of 85 oral health journals and to Task Force members and sponsors and discussed at a December 2020 workshop attended by 49 researchers. The final version was subsequently approved by the Task Force in September 2021, submitted for journal review in 2022, and revised in 2023. The checklist consists of 48 guidelines: 5 for introductory information, 17 for methods, 13 for statistical analysis, 6 for results, and 7 for interpretation; 7 are specific to clinical trials. Each of these guidelines identifies relevant information, explains its importance, and often describes best practices. The checklist was published in multiple journals. The article was published simultaneously in <em>JDR Clinical and Translational Research,</em> the <em>Journal of the American Dental Association,</em> and the <em>Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.</em> Completed checklists should accompany manuscripts submitted for publication to these and other oral health journals to help authors, journal editors, and reviewers verify that the manuscript provides the information necessary to adequately document and evaluate the research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002817724003167/pdfft?md5=d11239bacf0a6cf8096d15ec8e21098c&pid=1-s2.0-S0002817724003167-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The OHStat Guidelines for Reporting Observational Studies and Clinical Trials in Oral Health Research: manuscript checklist","authors":"Al M. Best PhD,&nbsp;Thomas A. Lang MA,&nbsp;Barbara L. Greenberg PhD,&nbsp;John C. Gunsolley DDS, MS,&nbsp;Effie Ioannidou DDS, MDS,&nbsp;Task Force on Design and Analysis in Oral Health Research","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adequate and transparent reporting is necessary for critically appraising published research. Yet, ample evidence suggests that the design, conduct, analysis, interpretation, and reporting of oral health research could be greatly improved. Accordingly, the Task Force on Design and Analysis in Oral Health Research—statisticians and trialists from academia and industry—identified the minimum information needed to report and evaluate observational studies and clinical trials in oral health: the OHStat Guidelines. Drafts were circulated to the editors of 85 oral health journals and to Task Force members and sponsors and discussed at a December 2020 workshop attended by 49 researchers. The guidelines were subsequently revised by the Task Force’s writing group. The guidelines draw heavily from the Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials (CONSORT), Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE), and CONSORT harms guidelines and incorporate the SAMPL guidelines for reporting statistics, the CLIP principles for documenting images, and the GRADE indicating the quality of evidence. The guidelines also recommend reporting estimates in clinically meaningful units using confidence intervals, rather than relying on <em>P</em> values. In addition, OHStat introduces 7 new guidelines that concern the text itself, such as checking the congruence between abstract and text, structuring the discussion, and listing conclusions to make them more specific. OHStat does not replace other reporting guidelines; it incorporates those most relevant to dental research into a single document. Manuscripts using the OHStat guidelines will provide more information specific to oral health research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002817724003155/pdfft?md5=d57f906e99672b895fb69547e71b7b7d&pid=1-s2.0-S0002817724003155-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors’ Response","authors":"David C. Johnsen MS, DDS,&nbsp;J. Tim Wright DDS, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional study of association between caries and fluoridated water among third-grade students in Pennsylvania","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Caries is the most common chronic disease among children. In Pennsylvania, a comprehensive oral health Basic Screening Survey and assessment of the association between caries and community water </span>fluoridation (CWF) among children have not been conducted.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>From 2021 through 2022, the first Basic Screening Survey was conducted among third-grade students in Pennsylvania. Oral health and demographic data were collected. CWF data were provided by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. The relative risk of developing caries in association with CWF was assessed using the GENMOD procedure in SAS, Version 9.4 (SAS Institute) in this cross-sectional study.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Caries prevalence was 59.7% among 4,120 screened students. Participation in the free or reduced lunch program and CWF were each significantly associated with risk of developing caries after adjustment for age, sex, and race and ethnicity. The risk of developing caries was 33% higher among students who participated in the free or reduced lunch program than those who did not participate (relative risk, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.42). Students with the highest CWF coverage had a nearly 16% lower risk of developing caries than those without CWF coverage (relative risk, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.94).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>CWF was significantly associated with a reduced risk of developing caries. Efforts are needed to increase CWF coverage, along with promotion of oral health education and healthy dietary habits among Pennsylvania children.</p></div><div><h3>Practical Implications</h3><p>Increasing CWF coverage will reduce caries burden among Pennsylvania children. Although Pennsylvania has no state laws to regulate CWF, these findings are persuasive for local municipalities to consider expanding CWF coverage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of initial dental treatment decisions between in-person and asynchronous teledentistry examinations for people with special health care needs","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>People with special health care needs in long-term care settings have difficulty accessing a traditional dental office. The goal of the authors was to assess initial treatment decision concordance between dentists conducting traditional in-person examinations using mobile equipment and additional dentists conducting examinations using asynchronous </span>teledentistry technology.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Six dentists from Access Dental Care, a North Carolina mobile </span>dentistry<span> nonprofit, saw new patients on-site at 12 participating facilities or asynchronously off-site with electronic dental records, radiographs, and intraoral images, all captured by an on-site dental hygienist. Off-site dentists were masked to other dentists’ treatment need decisions; 3 through 5 off-site examinations were conducted for each on-site examination. Demographic and binary treatment need category data were collected. For the 3 most prevalent treatment types needed (surgery, restorative, and new removable denture), the authors calculated the percentage agreement and κ statistics with bootstrapped CIs (1,000 replicates).</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The 100 enrolled patients included 47 from nursing homes, 45 from Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly, and 8 from group homes for those with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Mean (SD) age was 73.9 (16.5) years. Among dentate participants, the percentage agreement and bootstrapped κ (95% CI) were 87% and 0.74 (0.70 to 0.78) for surgery and 78% and 0.54 (0.50 to 0.58) for restorative needs, respectively, and among dentate and edentulous participants, they were 94% and 0.78 (0.74 to 0.83), respectively, for new removable dentures.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><span><span>The authors assessed the initial dental treatment decision concordance between on-site dentists conducting in-person examinations with a mobile oral health care delivery model and off-site dentists conducting examinations with asynchronous dentistry. Concordance was substantial for surgery and </span>removable denture treatment decisions and moderate for restorative needs. </span>Patient characteristics and facility type were not significant factors in the levels of examiner agreement.</p></div><div><h3>Practical Implications</h3><p>This evidence supports teledentistry use for patients with special health care needs and could help improve their access to oral health care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends in incidence of caries in permanent teeth of children aged 5 through 14 years, 1990 through 2019","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>School-aged children are in the stage of permanent tooth eruption to replace primary teeth and this can be reached at a life stage when their health habits are being formed due to a large amount of time in school. However, data on the global trend in incidence of caries in permanent teeth in school-aged children are sparse. This study aimed to assess the trends in incidence of caries in permanent teeth in children aged 5 through 14 years from 1990 through 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>The authors collected data on incidence of caries in permanent teeth in children aged 5 through 14 years from 1990 through 2019 from the Global Burden of Diseases<span>, Injuries, and </span></span>Risk Factors Study (GBD) to assess trends at the global, regional, and national levels.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Globally, incident cases of caries in permanent teeth in children aged 5 through 14 years increased by 15.25% from 1990 through 2019, and the incidence rate remained stable during this period, with incidence rates of 34.04% in 1990 and 33.93% in 2019. The incidence rate increased at an average annual percentage change of 0.08% (95% CI, 0.06% to 0.10%) and 0.07% (95% CI, 0.05% to 0.09%) from 1990 through 2019 in low and low-middle sociodemographic index regions, respectively. An increasing trend also was observed in nearly one-half of GBD regions and more than one-half of the world’s countries from 1990 through 2019 (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Global incidence of caries in permanent teeth remained stable at a high level in children aged 5 through 14 years, but there was a trend toward increasing rates in nearly one-half of sociodemographic index or GBD regions and more than one-half of the world’s countries and territories from 1990 through 2019. These findings suggest that caries in permanent teeth is a priority health issue in school-aged children worldwide.</p></div><div><h3>Practical Implications</h3><p>Reducing free sugar intake and implementing school-based effective caries prevention programs, such as school water fluoridation, provision of fluoride tablets at school, and school dental sealant programs, are needed for school-aged children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illegal handheld dental radiography units","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2023.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2023.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41139767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical considerations for the integration of artificial and augmented intelligence in dentistry","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative pain after endodontic treatment using 8.25% vs 2.5% sodium hypochlorite in necrotic mandibular molars with apical periodontitis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of 8.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), compared with the use of 2.5% NaOCl, leads to higher postoperative pain<span> after endodontic treatment.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>A total of 154 patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups: 8.25% and 2.5% NaOCl. A single-visit endodontic treatment was performed using a standard protocol, varying only the NaOCl concentration. Postoperative pain was assessed using the numeric rating scale at multiple times over 30 days. Overall pain scores over time were explored via multilevel mixed-effects negative binomial regression. The need for pain medication was recorded and compared between groups via the Mann-Whitney </span><em>U</em> test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The use of 8.25% NaOCl increased postoperative pain scores over time by 3.48 times compared with the use of 2.5% NaOCl (incident rate ratio [IRR], 3.48; 95% CI, 1.57 to 7.67). Furthermore, the 8.25% NaOCl group exhibited higher pain incidence than the 2.5% NaOCl group during the 12-hour through 3-day period, with scores at these times ranging from 2.21 (IRR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.35 to 3.62) through 10.74 (IRR, 10.74; 95% CI, 3.74 to 30.87) higher. No difference was detected in the number of analgesic capsules administered between groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The use of 8.25% NaOCl resulted in higher postoperative pain than the use of 2.5% NaOCl, with pain scores increasing by 3.48 times when this solution was used. Furthermore, the 8.25% NaOCl group exhibited higher pain incidence than the 2.5% NaOCl group during the 12-hour through 3-day period.</p></div><div><h3>Practical Implications</h3><p>The use of 8.25% NaOCl during endodontic treatment can increase postoperative pain significantly. This clinical trial was registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials database (RBR-6vq3hc4).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The need for updated treatment- and outcomes-based guidelines for periodontal therapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Dental Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}