Journal of Skin Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of Sun Protection Interventions Delivered to Adolescents in a Secondary School Setting: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Bronwen M McNoe,&nbsp;Kate C Morgaine,&nbsp;Anthony I Reeder","doi":"10.1155/2021/6625761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6625761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the evidence of the effectiveness of interventions targeted to adolescents (13 to 18 years inclusive) and delivered in a secondary school setting with the purpose of improving sun protection behaviour, reducing ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, and/or improving physiological outcomes related to UVR exposure (such as erythema or naevi development).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Peer-reviewed journal articles were identified from seven database searches (Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, PsycInfo, and Web of Science) to January 2020, forward citation searches of relevant articles, and monitoring of WHO INTERSUN UVR list server for recent publications. Relevant articles were collected and critically analysed using the Effective Public Health Practice framework. Two reviewers independently reviewed, and when deemed eligible, extracted data and performed quality appraisals for each study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review. There were no studies that met a \"strong\" quality rating, five received a \"moderate\" quality rating, and eight studies a \"weak\" quality rating. Three of those with a moderate rating found evidence for effectiveness. The most promising interventions overall (including the pilot/uncontrolled studies) were those that moved beyond a pure health education approach and used innovative approaches such as the provision of shade, or use of technology (e.g., appearance-based apps or real-time ultraviolet index (UVI) monitors).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a lack of high-quality published studies investigating the interventions delivered in a secondary school setting to protect students from UVR. The evidence could be strengthened if researchers used consistent, standardised outcome measures for sun protection exposure and behaviour. Other factors limiting the strength of evidence were short follow-up times (largely less than 6 months) and/or nonrobust study design.</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7952177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25501175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection for Advanced Stages of Plantar Melanoma in a Low-Income Country.","authors":"Ollo Roland Somé,&nbsp;Malick Diallo,&nbsp;Damien Konkobo,&nbsp;Nassirou Yabré,&nbsp;Valentin Konségré,&nbsp;Issouf Konaté,&nbsp;Sidy Ka","doi":"10.1155/2020/8854460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8854460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Advanced stages of plantar acral lentiginous melanoma are common in Africa. Inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) in these cases plays a critical role in disease-free and overall survival. Our study aims to share our experience in ILND for advanced plantar melanomas. <i>Methods and Study Design</i>. Four-year prospective study. <i>Patients</i>. We included all documented cases of advanced stage plantar melanoma with clinically detectable inguinal lymph node metastasis. Twenty-two of 27 patients identified-with mean age 56 years-underwent ILND. <i>Studied Variables.</i> Tumor patterns and stage, surgery, morbidity, oncologic pathology, and evolution were studied. Statistical software assessed the overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plantar lesions were all excised with a cancer-free margin (3 cm). ILND was performed for 22 patients with visible (<i>n</i> = 11), palpable (<i>n</i> = 7), and ulcerous (<i>n</i> = 4) lymphadenopathies. It was performed through an S-shaped (<i>n</i> = 11) or ellipse-shaped skin incision (<i>n</i> = 11). The tumors were AJCC stage III (<i>n</i> = 18) and IV (<i>n</i> = 2). We found high Breslow index tumor thickness (>3 mm) and an advanced Clark IV stage (<i>n</i> = 20). All operative wounds healed within 46 days (21-90). Wound healing was delayed by suture failure (<i>n</i> = 16), lymphorrhoea (<i>n</i> = 22), and infection (<i>n</i> = 18). After 29 months, three patients had complete remissions, seven had recurrences, and twelve patients had died. The overall survival (OS) at one year was 56%. In two patients with AJCC stage III disease, the OS was better (22 months).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In low-income countries, ILND in advanced stages of plantar foot melanoma is a valuable surgical treatment option. Alongside ILND adjuvants, treatment must be available and accessible to improve survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8854460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38767737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Treatment for Melanoma Brain Metastases.","authors":"Mantas Janavicius,&nbsp;Nadezda Lachej,&nbsp;Giedre Anglickiene,&nbsp;Ieva Vincerzevskiene,&nbsp;Birute Brasiuniene","doi":"10.1155/2020/7520924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7520924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Historically, melanoma with brain metastases has a poor prognosis. In this retrospective medical record review, we report basic clinicopathological parameters and the outcomes of patients with melanoma and brain metastases treated with different treatment modalities before the era of immunotherapy and modern radiotherapy technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with metastatic melanoma were treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and/or systemic therapy from 1998 to 2017. In our study, they were identified and stratified depending on treatment methods. Overall survival was defined as the time from the date of brain metastases to the death or last follow-up (2019 June 1^st). Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method that was employed to calculate the hazard ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six (12%) of 50 patients are still alive as of the last follow-up. The median overall survival from the onset of brain metastases was 11 months. The longest survival time was observed in patients treated by surgery followed by radiotherapy, surgery followed by radiotherapy and systemic therapy, and also radiotherapy followed by systemic therapy. The shortest survival was observed in the best supportive care group and patients treated by systemic therapy only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with brain metastases achieved better overall survival when treated by combined treatment modalities: surgery followed by radiotherapy (26.6 months overall survival), combining surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy (18.7 months overall survival), and also radiotherapy followed by systemic therapy (13.8 months overall survival).</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7520924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38341019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Peripheral Margins and Recurrence of Melanoma In Situ Treated with Wide Local Excision.","authors":"Francisco S Moura,&nbsp;Lucy E Homer,&nbsp;Stuart W McKirdy","doi":"10.1155/2020/8813050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8813050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of melanoma in situ (MIS) is increasing faster compared to invasive melanoma. Despite varying international practice, a minimum of 5 mm surgical excision margin is currently recommended in the UK. There is no clear guidance on the minimum histological peripheral clearance margins.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study compares the histological peripheral clearance margins of MIS using wide local excision (WLE) to the rate of recurrence and progression to invasive disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective single-center review was performed over a 5-year period. Inclusion criteria consisted of MIS diagnosis, ≥16 years of age, and treatment with WLE with curative intent. Those patients with a recurrence of a previous MIS or with a reported focus of invasion/regression were also included. Clinicopathological data and follow-up were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>167 MIS were identified in 155 patients, 80% of which were lentigo maligna subtype. Of patients with completely excised MIS on histology (>0 mm), 9% had recurrence with a median time to recurrence of 36 months. Three (1.8%) cases recurred as invasive disease. Age, MIS site, MIS subtype, and histological evidence of foci of invasion/regression did not predict recurrence nor progression to invasive disease (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The recurrence rate of MIS with a histological excision margin ≤3.0 mm was 13% compared to 3% in those with histology margins of >3.0 mm (<i>p</i>=0.049).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A histological peripheral clearance of at least 3.0 mm is advocated to achieve lower recurrence rates. The follow-up duration should be reviewed due to the median recurrence occurring at 36 months in our cohort. Cumulative work on MIS needs to be collated and completed in a large multicenter study with a long follow-up period.</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8813050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38591225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Acral Melanoma in Chinese and Caucasian Patients.","authors":"Kai Huang,&nbsp;Yu Xu,&nbsp;Emmanuel M Gabriel,&nbsp;Subhasis Misra,&nbsp;Yong Chen,&nbsp;Sanjay P Bagaria","doi":"10.1155/2020/5169051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5169051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acral melanoma (AM) is a rare subtype of melanoma, which is one of the least common in Caucasian patients but is a common subtype of melanoma in Chinese patients. It is unclear if prognosis differs between Chinese and Caucasian patients diagnosed with AM. The aim of our study is to investigate patient characteristics and survival differences between Chinese and Caucasian AM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two large institutional melanoma databases from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and Mayo Clinic enterprise were retrospectively reviewed from 2009 to 2015. Clinicopathologic and survival data were collected and analyzed between the two groups. The primary outcome was disease-specific survival (DSS) and was calculated using the Kaplan Meier (KM) method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Chinese group presented with more advanced disease compared with Caucasians: thicker Breslow depth (median 3.0 mm vs. 1.2 mm, <i>p</i>=0.003), more ulcerated disease (66.1% vs. 29%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and advanced stages (stage II/III 84.3% vs. 37.1%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant difference was identified in terms of age at diagnosis, location, histologic subtypes, or node positive rate. The 5-year DSS rate was 68.4% and 73% (<i>p</i>=0.56) in Chinese and Caucasians AM patients, respectively. Male gender, Breslow thickness, ulceration, and positive sentinel lymph nodes were independent poor prognostic factors on multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There appears to be no difference in stage-stratified survival between Chinese and Caucasians, supporting the implementation of clinical trials for AM that could include both Chinese and Caucasian patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5169051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38510945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Histopathological Study of Skin Lesions in Individuals with Oculocutaneous Albinism in Togo in 2019.","authors":"Bayaki Saka,&nbsp;Julienne Noude Teclessou,&nbsp;Sefako Abla Akakpo,&nbsp;Piham Gnossike,&nbsp;Kwamé Doh,&nbsp;Saliou Adam,&nbsp;Abas Mouhari-Toure,&nbsp;Garba Mahamadou,&nbsp;Panawé Kassang,&nbsp;Yvette Elegbede Moise,&nbsp;Tchin Darre,&nbsp;Koussake Kombate,&nbsp;Palokinam Pitché","doi":"10.1155/2020/2361957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2361957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to study the histopathological patterns of skin lesions in persons with albinism (PWA) in Togo in 2019.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>During two mobile skin care clinics in 2019, biopsies/excisional biopsies were performed in PWA in case of clinical doubt or in front of lesions suspected to be cancerous for histological examination. Anatomopathological reports were thus analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the two mobile skin care clinics, 115 biopsies/excisional biopsies were carried out in 79 PWA, with a mean age of 24 ± 16.1 years. Histological examination led to a diagnosis in 110 cases (95.6%) and was inconclusive in 5 cases (4 cases of uncertain histological diagnosis and one case of nonspecific histological lesions). Fourteen different histological diagnoses were made, with a frequency ranging from 0.9% (one case) to 26.9% (31 cases). The four most frequent diagnoses in descending order were basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) (31 cases; 26.9%), invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) or Bowen's disease (23 cases; 20%), keratosis (20 cases; 17.3%), and cysts (seven cases; 6.1%). The 54 skin carcinomas were diagnosed in 33 (41.8%) of the 79 patients who underwent skin biopsies/excisional biopsies. The BCC/SCC ratio was 1.3. No cases of cutaneous melanoma had been diagnosed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Skin cancers represent the main histological diagnosis in PWA (46.9%) in Togo in 2019. The pattern of cutaneous malignancies in PWA shows the same trend as that seen in Caucasians with a predominance of basal cell carcinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/2361957","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38268451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SunSmart Accreditation and Use of a Professional Policy Drafting Service: Both Positively and Independently Associated with High Sun Protective Hat Scores Derived from Primary School Policies.","authors":"A I Reeder,&nbsp;E E Iosua,&nbsp;B McNoe,&nbsp;A-C L Petersen","doi":"10.1155/2020/9695080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9695080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The head and neck are exposed to the highest solar ultraviolet radiation levels and experience a disproportionate skin cancer burden. Sun protective hats can provide an effective barrier. Since early life exposure contributes to skin cancer risk, the World Health Organisation recommends prevention programmes in schools. The New Zealand SunSmart Schools programme is one example. Two criteria concern wearing hat outdoors: students are required to wear a hat providing protection for the face, neck, and ears; if a suitable hat is not worn, students must play in shaded areas.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate two internationally relevant interventions as plausible statistical predictors of hat policy strength: (1) skin cancer primary prevention programme membership, (2) use of a professional policy drafting service.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Of 1,242 (62%) eligible schools participating in a 2017 national survey, 1,137 reported a sun protection policy and 842 were available for categorising and allocating protective scores (0-3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression models of cross-sectional association, adjusted for school characteristics, SunSmart accredited schools and those utilising a policy drafting service were independently significantly more likely than their counterparts to obtain the most protective compared to the least protective hat score (respectively, RRR 6.48: 95% CI 3.66, 11.47; 7.47: 3.67, and 15.20). For the dichotomous shade measure, similar associations were found using adjusted logistic regression (OR 3.28: 95% CI 2.11, 5.09; 2.70: 1.54, 4.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide support for two plausible interventions that could potentially be implemented beneficially in primary schools via established infrastructure in any jurisdiction, internationally.</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/9695080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38160553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Cancer Prevalence in Outdoor Workers of Ski Resorts.","authors":"Yolanda Gilaberte, Josep Manel Casanova, Ana Julia García-Malinis, Salvador Arias-Santiago, Maria Reyes García de la Fuente, Marta Pamiés-Gracia, Javier Ramirez-Palomino, Isabel Ruiz-Campos, Tamara Gracia-Cazaña, Agustín Buendia-Eisman","doi":"10.1155/2020/8128717","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/8128717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Snow reflectivity and altitude increase the exposure of ski resort workers to solar ultraviolet radiation. The aim was to assess the presence of skin cancer in ski resorts workers and compare it with other groups of outdoor workers reviewing published studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in the three largest ski resorts in Spain: Baqueira Beret, Lleida; Formigal, Huesca and Sierra Nevada, Granada. All outdoor workers including ski instructors were invited to participate in the study. The participants completed a validated questionnaire about sun exposure and underwent a skin examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>219 workers were included in the study (80% male; mean age 43.8 (SD 11.31) years). Actinic keratosis (AK) but no other skin cancers were detected in 32 participants (14.62%). Those with AK worked in the Southernmost ski resort, were more likely to have light colour hair, and were older and with higher photoaging grade than those without them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to other studies, outdoor workers on ski resorts show a higher prevalence of AK than general population but a lower prevalence than other groups of outdoor workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7097757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37787776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Biopsies for Suspected Skin Cancer at a Tertiary Care Dermatology Clinic in the Western Cape Province of South Africa.","authors":"Johann de Wet, Minette Steyn, Henry F Jordaan, Rhodine Smith, Saskya Claasens, Willem I Visser","doi":"10.1155/2020/9061532","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/9061532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skin cancer is a growing health concern worldwide. It is the most common malignancy in South Africa and places a large burden on the public healthcare sector. There is a paucity of published scientific data on skin cancer in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To report the findings of biopsies performed in patients with suspected skin cancer attending the Tygerberg Academic Hospital (TAH) Dermatology outpatient department (OPD) in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. <i>Methodology</i>: A retrospective chart review identified all patients who underwent a biopsy for a suspected skin cancer diagnosis between September 2015 and August 2016 at the TAH dermatology OPD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total number of 696 biopsies from 390 participants were identified, of which 460 were histologically confirmed as malignant lesions. The proportion of clinically suspected skin cancers that were histologically confirmed as cancer was 68%. The most commonly occurring malignancies were basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (54.8%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (18.9%), squamous cell carcinoma in-situ (SCCI) (8.0%), Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) (6.7%), malignant melanoma (MM) (6.1%), and keratoacanthoma (KA) (4.6%). The number needed to treat (NTT) for all cancers diagnosed and for MM was 1.5 and 4 respectively. BCC (89.3%) and KS (67.7%) was the most common skin cancer in the white and black population respectively. The ratio of BCC to SCC was 2.03.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides valuable scientific data on the accuracy of skin cancer diagnosis, distribution and patient demographics in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, on which further research can be based. The study highlights the burden of skin cancer on this specific population group and calls for standardised reporting methods and increased surveillance of skin cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/9061532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37937975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male Sex is an Inherent Risk Factor for Basal Cell Carcinoma","authors":"I. Bassukas, A. Tatsioni","doi":"10.1155/2019/8304271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8304271","url":null,"abstract":"Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is more frequent among females <40 years old; however, it affects preferentially older males (>60 years old). In order to contribute to the study of the still largely unknown mechanisms that underlie this peculiar sex-dependent shift, we compared the kinetics of the increase of the age-specific BCC incidence rates (R) as a function of age in males and females. Studies reporting sex-stratified R were found using a PubMed search and male to female age-specific incidence rate ratios (RR) were calculated for each age-class as reported in each study and assigned to the mean of the corresponding age periods. Trends in age were assessed with Kendall's τ test and relationships between two variables by inverse variance method-weighed Loess and linear regression analysis. Sixteen data sets were eligible and confirmed a significant shift in the male to female ratio (Kendall's τ = 0.530; P < 0.001). Moreover, the slope parameter b = 1.205 (SE = 0.014) of the best fit (r2 = 0.980) regression line resulting by plotting male vs. female age-specific incidence rates predicts a statistically significant (P = 0.001), constant, about 20% faster increase of R in males of all ages. Similar relationship are also evident for cutaneous squamous cell and Merkel cell carcinoma and, even more intriguing, for sums of all cancers (excluding BCC and SCC) in many different registries. In conclusion, females are probably born with an inherently higher risk to develop BCC; however, also with a much slower increase rate of this risk as a function of age. Notably this observation seems to be not a BCC peculiarity. Because of its high incidence coupled with moderate morbidity and extremely low mortality rates, BCC may serve as a valuable, single-tumor paradigm to reproach the complex mechanisms that underline the interaction of age and sex in the pathogenesis of human malignancies.","PeriodicalId":17172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skin Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86736615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}