Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy最新文献_第6页

Improving the Carbonation of Steel Slags Through Concurrent Wet Milling 通过同时湿法研磨提高钢渣碳化效果

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00895-2

Anthony de Schutter, Luka Ceyssens, Giuseppe Granata, Tom Van Gerven

{"title":"Improving the Carbonation of Steel Slags Through Concurrent Wet Milling","authors":"Anthony de Schutter, Luka Ceyssens, Giuseppe Granata, Tom Van Gerven","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00895-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00895-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work studies mineral carbonation of steel slags with the aim to reduce the amount of slag that is landfilled. Besides permanently storing carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), carbonating the slags can improve their quality for use in beneficial applications and reduces the leaching of harmful heavy metals. In order to intensify the mineral carbonation process, mechanical activation is used to improve both the carbonation kinetics and yield. The milling is performed in a planetary ball mill which allows for high-intensity grinding, resulting in a fast reduction of the particle size and quick amorphization and disturbance of the crystal structure, allowing high reaction rates to be achieved. The effects of the three main processing parameters of a planetary ball mill—bead-to-powder ratio <span>(R)</span>, bead size <span>(D)</span> and milling speed <span>(S)</span>—are investigated. Under optimal conditions, more than 50% of the maximum CO<sub>2</sub> uptake is achieved in only 6 min, representing a very significant improvement over regular slurry carbonation. Quantitative XRD allows to identify the reactivity of the different crystalline phases present in the slag under different milling conditions. With the help of a mass balance, the formation of an inert outer layer consisting of silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) is confirmed. This explains both the shell diffusion mechanism controlling the carbonation reaction and the total conversion being limited to 50–60%.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pyrometallurgical Reduction of Copper Slag with Biochar for Metal Recovery 用生物炭对铜渣进行火法冶金还原以回收金属

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00885-4

Desmond Attah-Kyei, Dmitry Sukhomlinov, Lassi Klemettinen, Radoslaw Michallik, Hugh O’Brien, Pekka Taskinen, Daniel Lindberg

{"title":"Pyrometallurgical Reduction of Copper Slag with Biochar for Metal Recovery","authors":"Desmond Attah-Kyei, Dmitry Sukhomlinov, Lassi Klemettinen, Radoslaw Michallik, Hugh O’Brien, Pekka Taskinen, Daniel Lindberg","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00885-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00885-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Large amounts of slag are generated during pyrometallurgical processing in copper production. Due to the presence of valuable elements, the improper disposal of huge quantities of copper slag produced, results in significant loss of resources as well as environmental issues. Analyses of the copper slag show that it contains valuable metals, particularly copper and nickel. In this work, four biochars were employed as fossil-free reducing agents to recover valuable metals from the slag. Reduction experiments were performed in a vertical furnace at temperatures 1250, 1300 and 1350 °C for 60 min in order to investigate the effect of temperature. Moreover, the effect of time on reduction progress was studied at 1250 °C and the concentrations of CO and CO<sub>2</sub> in the off-gas were measured with a gas analyzer. Copper slag was reacted with metallurgical coke for comparison and the products were analyzed with EPMA and LA-ICPMS. The results revealed that reduction rapidly progresses to the formation of metal alloy within 10 min. Valuable metals like copper, nickel and arsenic were the first to be reduced to the metal phase. As reduction time increased, iron was also reduced and combined with the metal droplet. The use of biochar as reductant was shown to be more effective than coke especially at lower temperatures. In addition, thermodynamic modelling was performed with FactSage and HSC and compared with the experimental results. The simulations with HSC showed the sequence of reactions taking place and the calculations by FactSage were in agreement with the experiments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization and Kinetic Study of Manganese Leaching from Pyrolusite Ore in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions with Oxalic Acid 盐酸溶液中草酸浸出焦锰矿的优化和动力学研究

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00869-4

Mehmet Kayra Karacahan

{"title":"Optimization and Kinetic Study of Manganese Leaching from Pyrolusite Ore in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions with Oxalic Acid","authors":"Mehmet Kayra Karacahan","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00869-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00869-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The leaching behavior of pyrolusite minerals was examined in hydrochloric acid solutions, including oxalic acid, to evaluate the influence of various experimental conditions. The optimum parameters for the leaching process were found in the first stage, and the process's kinetics were assessed in the second. The concentrations of oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid, and temperature were chosen as independent variables in the optimization experiments, with the central composite design used to analyze the experimental data. The optimum concentrations for oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid, and temperature were determined to be 0.75 mol/L, 1.2 mol/L, and 60 °C, respectively. The leaching rate was determined to be 97.4% for 120 min of response time in optimum situations. The kinetic assessment experiments studied the effects of solid/liquid ratio, particle size, stirring speed, and temperature on the manganese leaching rate from pyrolusite. In the studies, the leaching rate was shown to rise with increasing temperature and stirring speed, as well as with decreasing particle size and solid/liquid ratio. The kinetic analysis revealed that the leaching kinetics matched the mixed kinetic model, and a mathematical model for the leaching process was developed. This process's activation energy was determined to be 29.05 kJ/mol.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryo-Assisted Nitrogen Treatment for the Fabrication of Nanoengineered, Mixed Transition Metal Oxide Anode from Inorganic Domestic Waste, for Lithium-Ion Batteries 利用无机生活垃圾制造锂离子电池用纳米工程混合过渡金属氧化物阳极的低温辅助氮气处理技术

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00891-6

Humza Ashraf, B. Deniz Karahan

{"title":"Cryo-Assisted Nitrogen Treatment for the Fabrication of Nanoengineered, Mixed Transition Metal Oxide Anode from Inorganic Domestic Waste, for Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Humza Ashraf, B. Deniz Karahan","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00891-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00891-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel method for the fabrication of nanoengineered, mixed transition metal oxide anode active material is proposed based on implementing liquid nitrogen treatment during the chemical precipitation process, for the first time in open literature. Such interference in the precipitation is believed to change the surface energy of the nuclei leading to differentiation in the growth process. To exemplify this hypothesis with an environmentally friendly approach, kitchen scourer pads, an existing waste, are used as a starting material instead of using a mixture of primary quality metals’ salts. Therefore, in this study, firstly, an optimization is realized to leach the scouring pad with 100% efficiency. Then, by applying a conventional chemical precipitation to this leachate at pH 5.5, Sample 1-P is produced. Herein, innovatively liquid nitrogen treatment is carried out during the chemical precipitation to produce Sample 2-P. Lastly, these precipitates (Samples 1-P, 2-P) are calcinated in the air to form mixed transition metal oxide powders: Samples 1 and 2, respectively. Structural, chemical, and morphological characterizations are carried out to examine the effect of liquid nitrogen treatment on the powders’ properties. To discuss the effect of nitrogen treatment on the electrochemical performances of the anode active materials (Sample 1 and Sample 2), galvanostatic tests are realized. The results show that Sample 2 demonstrates a higher 1st discharge capacity (1352 mAh/g) and retains 62% of its performance after 200 cycles when 50 mA/g current load is applied. Moreover, this electrode delivers around 500 mAh/g at 1 A/g current load. The remarkable cycle performance of Sample 2 is believed to be related to the superior chemical, structural, and physical properties of the electrode active material.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economics of Electrowinning Iron from Ore for Green Steel Production 从矿石中电解铁用于绿色钢铁生产的经济学研究

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00878-3

Matthew S. Humbert, Geoffrey A. Brooks, Alan R. Duffy, Chad Hargrave, M. Akbar Rhamdhani

{"title":"Economics of Electrowinning Iron from Ore for Green Steel Production","authors":"Matthew S. Humbert, Geoffrey A. Brooks, Alan R. Duffy, Chad Hargrave, M. Akbar Rhamdhani","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00878-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00878-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The transition to green steel production is pivotal for reducing global carbon emissions. This study presents a comprehensive techno-economic analysis of various green steel production methods, including hydrogen reduction and three different electrolysis techniques: aqueous hydroxide electrolysis (AHE), molten salt electrolysis, and molten oxide electrolysis (MOE). By comparing process flow diagrams, capital and operational expenditures, specific energy consumption, and production footprint, this work provides a high-level assessment of the economic viability of these processes as they mature. The analysis reveals that MOE, despite its ongoing development, offers a promising route for iron production given its ability to process a wide range of ore qualities and the potential to sell electrolyte as a cement product. However, the best balance between deployment ready technology and economic benefit is AHE. Operational challenges are also discussed, such as electrolyte loss and slag handling. We suggest that the sale of by-products like oxygen may not significantly impact the economics due to market saturation. The findings underscore the importance of continued research and development in process optimization to realize the full potential of green steel technologies. All the calculations have been released as supplementary electronic material (MS Excel workbook). The format has been inspired by the techno-economic assessment template (TECHTEST) distributed by the US Dept. of Energy.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogen Production from Natural Gas Using Hot Blast Furnace Slag: Techno-economic Analysis and CFD Modeling 利用热风炉炉渣从天然气中制氢：技术经济分析和 CFD 建模

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00862-x

Allan Runstedtler, Haining Gao

{"title":"Hydrogen Production from Natural Gas Using Hot Blast Furnace Slag: Techno-economic Analysis and CFD Modeling","authors":"Allan Runstedtler, Haining Gao","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00862-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00862-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A process for thermal decomposition of methane to hydrogen and solid carbon is presented and examined. It utilizes the high-temperature heat from the slag by-product of blast furnace ironmaking to drive a thermal decomposition reaction, making it a waste-heat-to-hydrogen technology. This is accomplished via dry granulation of molten slag that feeds a fluidized bed reactor to effect methane–slag contact. First, the proposed process and the heat and mass balances are presented. It is found that it could produce an amount of hydrogen that is equivalent to about 20% of the reductant, depending on the iron-to-slag ratio. Then, a techno-economic analysis investigates the capital and operating costs of the process, compares the hydrogen production cost to that of other processes, and examines cost sensitivity to the prices of process inputs and outputs. This analysis suggests that the process would be suitable for on-site hydrogen production and use within a plant. In addition, using the hot slag to drive the methane decomposition would reduce hydrogen production cost by 15% compared to combusting a portion of the natural gas itself. Finally, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling study of the fluidized bed reactor examines the thermal decomposition of methane and its dependence on reaction kinetics as well as reactor design and operation. The bed operated in the bubbling regime at an average temperature between 1020 and 1060 °C and resulted in as high as 82% conversion of the methane to hydrogen, with additional optimization still possible.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bio-Carbon Assisted Carbothermal Reduction Process for the Recovery of Lithium and Cobalt from the Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries 从废旧锂离子电池中回收锂和钴的生物碳辅助碳热还原工艺

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00890-7

Akhila Vasamsetti, Arrthi Ravitchandiran, Saradh Prasad Rajendra, Mohamad S. AlSalhi, Rajamohan Rajaram, Subramania Angaiah

{"title":"Bio-Carbon Assisted Carbothermal Reduction Process for the Recovery of Lithium and Cobalt from the Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Akhila Vasamsetti, Arrthi Ravitchandiran, Saradh Prasad Rajendra, Mohamad S. AlSalhi, Rajamohan Rajaram, Subramania Angaiah","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00890-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00890-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increase in demand for lithium-ion batteries is due to their usage in many electronic gadgets and electric vehicles. Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries plays an essential role in reducing environmental pollution and material and economic scarcity. In this paper, we employed an efficient and environmentally friendly bio-carbon based carbothermal reduction followed by a water leaching process to recover lithium and cobalt from LiCoO<sub>2</sub>(LCO)-based lithium-ion batteries. Here, the carbonized flamboyant pods (CFP) are used as a reducing agent for the carbothermal reduction process. During the carbothermal reduction process, the bio-carbon converts LiCoO<sub>2</sub> into Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. Afterwards, lithium is leached out by deionized water with a leaching efficiency of 98%, leaving Co in the residue as Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. This residue is further undergoing a smelting process to recover 98.5% of Co as Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. This carbothermal green recovery process is energy conserving, environmentally friendly and will bring perspective for sustainable recycling of LIBs with a minimized secondary waste.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Compositional Space of Gas-Phase Synthesized Fayalitic Model Slags Aiming at Cobalt Recovery 以钴回收为目标的气相合成辉绿岩模型炉渣成分空间研究

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00888-1

Manuel Vollbrecht, Krishnanjan Pramanik, Lucio Colombi Ciacchi, Lutz Mädler

{"title":"Investigating the Compositional Space of Gas-Phase Synthesized Fayalitic Model Slags Aiming at Cobalt Recovery","authors":"Manuel Vollbrecht, Krishnanjan Pramanik, Lucio Colombi Ciacchi, Lutz Mädler","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00888-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00888-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metallurgical waste streams contain minor yet significant contents of valuable and scarce elements which are commonly lost due to their low concentrations. The necessity of developing efficient recycling methods of these chemically diverse material systems is constantly gaining both public and technological attention since resource demands of high-technology elements are expected to rise drastically in the future. A novel approach to recover diluted elements from slags is the concept of Engineered Artificial Minerals (EnAM) which aims at entrapping target elements in separable crystalline phases. In this study, slag synthesis through flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) and characterization experiments are combined with theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations to identify potential EnAM for Co recovery. Upon validating the viability of stoichiometric slag synthesis and the DFT framework, it is shown that the actual occurrence of flame-synthesized phases can be predicted considering their computed enthalpy of formation. The thus-defined compositional space, which is spanned by potentially forming slag compounds, is employed to identify promising additives for EnAM formation. Systematic analysis of the additive effect on crystallization revealed that Co crystallizes in a Fe–Mg-Co–O cubic spinel, making this phase a good EnAM candidate.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Process Development for Rare Earth Elements Recovery and Struvite Production from Biocrudes 从生物原油中回收稀土元素和生产白云石的工艺开发

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00874-7

Shiyu Li, Wencai Zhang

{"title":"Process Development for Rare Earth Elements Recovery and Struvite Production from Biocrudes","authors":"Shiyu Li, Wencai Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00874-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-024-00874-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phytomining emerges as an innovative technique for extracting rare earth elements (REEs) from soil by employing hyperaccumulators. REE hyperaccumulators were treated using microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization (MHTC) in acid-mediated systems to efficiently transfer REEs and other elements into biocrudes and produce high purity and value-added hydrochar. However, the subsequent treatment of biocrudes to recover valuable elements still presents a significant challenge. In this study, a process that combines solvent extraction and struvite precipitation was first developed to address this challenge. In the extraction step, 95.6% of REEs were extracted using 0.05 mol/L di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) with an aqueous to organic (A/O) ratio of 1:1 at pH 3.0. However, 75.1% of Al, 81.2% of Ca, 54.5% of Fe, 61.5% of Mn, and 81.3% of Zn were co-extracted into the organic phase with the REEs. To solve this issue, a subsequent scrubbing step using deionized water was applied, with the removal of over 98% of these impurities, while incurring negligible loss of REEs. After the scrubbing step, over 97% of REEs were ultimately stripped out from the organic phase as REE oxalates using 0.01 mol/L oxalic acid as the stripping agent. Furthermore, phosphorous (P) was found to be retained in the raffinate after the solvent extraction process. 94.4% of the P was recovered by forming struvite precipitate at pH 9.0 and a Mg/P molar ratio of 1.5. In general, high purity and value-added REE products and struvite precipitate were eventually achieved from biocrudes in environmentally friendly and economically viable ways.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":17160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On The Diffusivity of Boron in Slag During Silicon Refining 论硅精炼过程中熔渣中硼的扩散性

IF 2.4 3区材料科学

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40831-024-00882-7

A. D. P. Putera, K. Avarmaa, H. T. B. M. Petrus, G. A. Brooks, M. A. Rhamdhani

引用次数: 0