{"title":"Smart indicators for real estate management: Dealing with institutional logics when developing and implementing indicators for real estate sustainability","authors":"Peter Ekman, Jimmie Rondell","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580743","url":null,"abstract":"Developing and implementing ways to measure sustainability (i.e., indicators) need to cope with rivalry and conflicts in institutional logics to become a useful tool when planning and initiating actions for sustainable development. This paper reports on the structure of a current research project and elaborates on early research results. The aim is to initiate a discussion regarding new challenges and explore potential research directions on the matter of institutional logics and sustainable development when developing smart indicators. The paper presents the initial theoretical framework focusing institutional logics and the methodological structure.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116476881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Laureri, L. Puliga, M. Robba, F. Delfino, G. O. Bultó
{"title":"An optimization model for the integration of electric vehicles and smart grids: Problem definition and experimental validation","authors":"F. Laureri, L. Puliga, M. Robba, F. Delfino, G. O. Bultó","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580797","url":null,"abstract":"Smart grids play a significant role for the sustainable use of energy in smart cities. It is necessary to develop new technologies and tools for energy management in which different components should be integrated: renewable resources, distributed generation, storage systems, active loads, and plug-in electric vehicles. In this paper, attention is focused on the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) in smart grids and, specifically, on an optimization-based architecture to minimize costs and including charging stations and electric vehicles. Two technologies have been considered in this work: the Smart Charging and the Vehicle to Grid (V2G). The aim of this paper is to investigate on the integration of electric vehicles in the smart grids and to prove that they can help in sustaining the grid processes when parked and so playing in costs minimization. The developed decision model is applied to the Savona Campus Smart Poly-generation Micro-grid (SPM) that is used in this case as an emulator of grids at the district level. Then, obtained results for EVs charging have been tested in the research facilities of Enel Distribuzione.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114582085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eyal Feder-Levy, E. Blumenfeld-Lieberthal, J. Portugali
{"title":"The well-informed city: A decentralized, bottom-up model for a smart city service using information and self-organization","authors":"Eyal Feder-Levy, E. Blumenfeld-Lieberthal, J. Portugali","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580767","url":null,"abstract":"Smart Cities, a concept widely growing in popularity, describes cities that use digital technology, data analysis and connectivity to create value. The basic abstraction of a Smart City service includes collecting data about an urban issue, transmitting it to a central decision making process and “improving” the city with the insights generated. This model has spurred much critique, claiming Smart Cities are undemocratic, discriminatory and cannot significantly improve citizen's quality of life. But what if the citizens were active in the process? It was Jane Jacobs who said “Cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because, and only when, they are created by everybody.” In this paper we lay a conceptual groundwork to envision “The Well-Informed City” - a decentralized, self-organizing Smart City service, where the value is created by everybody. The agents, who are the citizens of the city, are the ones who use the data to create value. We base the model on the cities' feature of Self-Organization as described in the domain of Complexity Theory of Cities. We demonstrate its theoretical possibility, describe a short case study and finish with suggestions for future empirical research. This work is highly significant due to the ubiquitous nature of contemporary mobile based information services and growing open data sets.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133515372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond food sharing: Supporting food waste reduction with ICTs","authors":"Aaron Ciaghi, Adolfo Villafiorita","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580874","url":null,"abstract":"Guaranteeing food security is key in improving the quality of life of citizens at all levels of society. The recent economic crisis has increased the number of people living in conditions of food poverty, especially in developed regions. Consequently, the reduction of food waste has become an international trending topic. Despite a growing awareness of the importance of reducing waste and managing food surplus, the role of ICTs in this domain is still unclear and rarely documented. In this paper, we describe our almost 5-year experience in developing and experimenting ICT tools to recover food surplus at different stages of the supply chain and we outline the way forward for an integrated set of ICT tools to reduce waste from producers to households.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"344 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116237042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Bellini, P. Nesi, G. Pantaleo, Alessandro Venturi
{"title":"Functional resonance analysis method based-decision support tool for urban transport system resilience management","authors":"E. Bellini, P. Nesi, G. Pantaleo, Alessandro Venturi","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580833","url":null,"abstract":"Today, managing critical infrastructure resilience in smart city is a challenge that can be undertaken by adopting a new class of smart tools, which are able to integrate modeling capability with evidence driven decision support. The Resilience Decision Support tool, as presented in this article, is an innovative and powerful tool that aims at managing critical infrasctructure resilience through a more complex and expressive model based on the Functional Resonance Analysis Method and through the connection of such a model with a system thinking based decision support tool exploiting smart city data. Thanks to ResilienceDS, FRAM model becomes computable and the functional variability that is at the core of the resilience analysis can be quantified. Such quantification allows the decision support tool to compute specific strategies and recommendations for variability dampening at strategic, tactic and operational stage. The solution has been developed in the context of RESOLUTE H2020 project of the European Commission.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126307479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dario Bonino, Federico Rizzo, C. Pastrone, José Angel Carvajal Soto, Matts Ahlsén, Mathias Axling
{"title":"Block-based realtime big-data processing for smart cities","authors":"Dario Bonino, Federico Rizzo, C. Pastrone, José Angel Carvajal Soto, Matts Ahlsén, Mathias Axling","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580768","url":null,"abstract":"Administrators and operators of next generation cities will likely be required to exhibit a good understanding of technical features, data issues, and complex information that, up to few years ago, were quite far from day-to-day administration tasks. In the smart city era, the increased attention to data harvested from the city fosters a more informed approach to city administration, requiring involved operators to drive, direct and orient technological processes in the city, more effectively. Such an increasing need, requires tools and platforms that can easily and effectively be controlled by non-technical people. In this paper, an approach for enabling “easier” composition of real-time data processing pipelines in smart-cities is presented, exploiting a block-based design approach, similar to the one adopted in the Scratch programming language for elementary school students. Language primitives and corresponding REST representations are discussed, showing the viability of the approach. Future works will include experimentation of the proposed concepts in the context of a smart city pilot in Turin, Italy.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124374146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The correlation between human mobility and socio-demographic in megacity","authors":"Kaiqiang Xie, Hui Xiong, Chunyan Li","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580733","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding human mobility is of great importance for various applications, such as urban planning and traffic forecasting. In this paper, we explore the correlation between human mobility and socio-demographic characteristics through two massive datasets containing individuals' attributes and daily GPS trajectory information respectively. Individuals' daily trajectories, trip displacement and daily radius of gyration are further studied. The results confirm that the distribution of daily radius of gyration is power law. It is found that women travels longer and further to their center of mass than man. The employed stay closer to their center of mass while their displacement is larger. Besides, it is surprising to find that under foggy days, trip displacement and radius of gyration are much bigger than that of other weather conditions.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123367440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Mazhelis, Antti Hämäläinen, T. Asp, P. Tyrväinen
{"title":"Towards enabling privacy preserving smart city apps","authors":"O. Mazhelis, Antti Hämäläinen, T. Asp, P. Tyrväinen","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580755","url":null,"abstract":"Smart city applications are increasingly relying on personally identifiable data. A disclosure of such a data to a platform provider and possible 3rd parties represents a risk to the privacy of the application users. To mitigate the privacy risk, two-layer privacy-preserving platform architecture is introduced, wherein the personally identifiable information is dealt with at the inner layer (executed in a trusted environment), whereas only generic and personally unidentifiable information is made available to the apps at the outer layer of the architecture - e.g., in a form of app-specific events. The essential requirements for the platform are described, and the architectural implications of these requirements are considered in the paper. The ongoing prototype implementation and planned evaluation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123420112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of information presentations on consumer emotions to induce power saving actions","authors":"T. Nakayama, Hirotaka Osawa, S. Okushima, H. Aki","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580880","url":null,"abstract":"A demand response method that does not inconvenience consumer lifestyles is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and ensure power supply stability. In general, electric power conservation is motivated by monetary incentives or environmental concerns such as carbon dioxide emissions reductions and power failure probabilities. In this study, methods that induce consumers' power conservation actions were developed by presenting anthropomorphized/visualized information. This study involved improving experimental interfaces involving methods that closely replicate the actual way in which electric appliances are used in consumers' daily lives. Moreover, a small community model such as a micro grid was built to calculate the total amount of consumption power and CO2 emissions of each electric appliance. The experiment involved twenty participants to test power saving behaviors by using the developed interface. The experimental results indicated that the method of presenting visualized information strongly induced users' electric power saving behaviors when compared with other methods.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115241201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manuele Rusci, D. Rossi, M. Lecca, M. Gottardi, L. Benini, Elisabetta Farella
{"title":"Energy-efficient design of an always-on smart visual trigger","authors":"Manuele Rusci, D. Rossi, M. Lecca, M. Gottardi, L. Benini, Elisabetta Farella","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2016.7580824","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present the design of an always-on smart visual trigger. To maximize the energy-efficiency, the whole system is kept in stand-by mode until a significant information is detected by the early-processing of the low-power imager. Within two considered scenarios of vehicle detection, the system runs at minimal power consumption for 84% and 39% of the time. When active, the generation of triggers due to relevant events is conducted by analyzing the trajectory of multiple tracked objects. A parallel event-driven implementation speeds-up the digital computation and leads to a duty cycle below 1% over the frame period. The optimized power management is enabled by defining an always-on camera interface for the System-on-Chip (SoC) processor, which is able to individually activate both the sensor and the processor while running at minimal power consumption. In the considered case-study of vehicle detection, an estimated power consumption of up to 23μW is accounted, depending on the context-activity, and the smart triggers fails one detection over 72 moving vehicles.","PeriodicalId":171503,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131943346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}