Giacomo Veneri, P. Piu, P. Federighi, F. Rosini, A. Federico, A. Rufa
{"title":"Eye fixations identification based on statistical analysis - Case study","authors":"Giacomo Veneri, P. Piu, P. Federighi, F. Rosini, A. Federico, A. Rufa","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604221","url":null,"abstract":"Eye movement is the most simple and repetitive movement that enable humans to interact with the environment. The common daily activities, such as watching television or reading a book, involve this natural activity which consists of rapidly shifting our gaze from one region to another. The identification of the main components of eye movement during visual exploration such as fixations and saccades, is the objective of the analysis of eye movements in various contexts ranging from basic neuro sciences and visual sciences to virtual reality interactions and robotics. However, many of the algorithms that detect fixations present a number of problems. In this article, we present a new fixation identification algorithm based on the analysis of variance and F-test. We present the new algorithm and we compare it with the common fixations algorithm based on dispersion. To demonstrate the performance of our approach we tested the algorithm in a group of healthy subjects.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130310765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian extensions of non-negative matrix factorization","authors":"R. Schachtner, G. Pöppel, E. Lang","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604130","url":null,"abstract":"Although non-negative matrix factorization has become a popular data analysis tool for non-negative data sets, there are still some issues remaining partly unsolved. We investigate the potential of Bayesian techniques towards the solution of two important open questions concerning uniqueness and actual number of sources underlying the data. We derive a general Bayesian optimality condition for NMF solutions and elaborate on the criterion for the Gaussian likelihood case. We further derive a variational Bayes NMF algorithm for the Gaussian likelihood using rectified Gaussian prior distributions and study its ability to estimate the true number of sources in a toy data set.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127114105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xitao Gong, A. Ishaque, Guido Dartmann, G. Ascheid
{"title":"MSE-based linear transceiver optimization in MIMO cognitive radio networks with imperfect channel knowledge","authors":"Xitao Gong, A. Ishaque, Guido Dartmann, G. Ascheid","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604177","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the robust transceiver optimization in multiple-input and multiple-output cognitive radio network, where primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs) coexist in the same spectrum band. In the design of cognitive system, the performance degradation perceived by PU should be strictly restricted even with imperfect channel state information (CSI) at cognitive transmitter and receivers. Therefore, this work aims at minimizing the sum mean square error of secondary downlink network and strictly limiting the interference caused to PUs with imperfect channel knowledge. Two types of CSI error models are considered: the bounded model and the stochastic model. Since the original optimization problems are non-convex for the joint optimization, firstly it is decomposed into two subproblems to optimize the precoding and equalizers separately, then the iterative algorithms are proposed to solve the subproblems in an alternating way. The challenge is to design the efficiently solvable forms of these subproblems. For the bounded model, Schur complement lemma is utilized to convert the subproblems into convex optimization problems. For the stochastic model, the problem is formulated either according to the stochastic rule or derived for the analytical solutions. The effectiveness and robustness of proposed algorithms are evaluated by the numerical results.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129115170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reinforcement learning-based multiband sensing policy for cognitive radios","authors":"J. Oksanen, J. Lundén, V. Koivunen","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604133","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive radios (CR) and dynamic spectrum access (DSA) have been proposed as a way to exploit the underutilized radio spectrum by allowing secondary users to access the licensed frequencies in an opportunistic manner. The constraint set to the secondary use is that it should not interfere the primary users, i.e., the license holder. Hence, the secondary users need to sense the spectrum in order to classify a licensed frequency band as vacant or occupied. However, spectrum sensing can be a demanding task for a single user due to the random nature of the wireless channel, and to mitigate the effects of channel fading cooperative detection algorithms have been proposed. In this paper a multiband spectrum sensing policy for coordinating the cooperative sensing is proposed. It is based on dynamically allocating frequency hopping codes to the secondary users. The proposed policy employs the ∈-greedy reinforcement learning action selection to prioritize the sensing of different subbands and to select the best secondary users to sense them. The results show the proposed policy is able to significantly increase the obtained throughput in the secondary network and to reduce the number of missed detections of the primary signal.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129556471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A maximum-likelihood detector for coded OFDM transmission plagued by narrowband interference","authors":"M. Morelli, M. Moretti","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604218","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider the problem of maximum-likelihood decoding of a coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission plagued by the presence of narrowband interference. The presence of NBI characterizes many practical contexts, including cellular applications and emerging spectrum sharing systems, where coexistence of different types of wireless services over the same frequency band may result into remarkable co-channel interference. The coding scheme is the bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM). Conventional maximum likelihood (ML) decision strategies for BICM-OFDM transmissions suffer from significant performance degradation in the presence of NBI. To overcome this difficulty, in this work we develop a new bit-metric for the decoding of the transmitted data that achieves near-optimum results.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129675178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automatic computing resource awareness in resource managers for cognitive radios","authors":"Ismael Gómez Miguelez, V. Marojevic, A. Gelonch","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604229","url":null,"abstract":"With all the potential flexibility of software-defined radios, the flexibility of SDR terminals is currently limited to design time flexibility. The capacity of the platform in terms of processing resources and internal bandwidths is dimensioned for the range of supported functionalities. In a platform-independent design scenario, resource managers play the role of matching waveform demands with platform capabilities. Predicting the task execution times has been studied in grid and distributed computing contexts with different objectives and assumptions. Given the dynamic nature of waveform demands as a function of the radio environment, an accurate characterization of the consumed resources can increase the efficiency of resource management strategies. In the SDR context, this efficiency translates to less energy consumption and higher resource utilization. Based on our experience acquired during the development of an SDR execution environment, this work presents the metrics that are needed by computing resource managers.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126313635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Olivetti, S. Veeramachaneni, Susanne Greiner, P. Avesani
{"title":"Brain connectivity analysis by reduction to pair classification","authors":"E. Olivetti, S. Veeramachaneni, Susanne Greiner, P. Avesani","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604101","url":null,"abstract":"Brain connectivity studies aim at describing the connections within the brain. Diffusion and functional MRI techniques provide different kinds of information to understand brain connectivity non-invasively. Fiber tract segmentation is the task of identifying pathways of neuronal axons connecting different brain areas from MRI data. In this work we propose a method to investigate the role of both diffusion and functional MRI data for supervised tract segmentation based on learning the pairwise relationships between streamlines. Experiments on real data demonstrate the promise of the approach.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124454025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Bixio, M. Ottonello, M. Raffetto, C. Regazzoni, C. Armani
{"title":"A comparison among cooperative spectrum sensing approaches for cognitive radios","authors":"L. Bixio, M. Ottonello, M. Raffetto, C. Regazzoni, C. Armani","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604202","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a comparison among different cooperative spectrum sensing approaches is provided. It is assumed that the secondary terminals autonomously perform local spectrum sensing and forward their decision to a fusion center. It combines the received data to obtain the global decision, i.e. the presence or the absence of the primary user in the monitored environment. In particular, three fusion rules, i.e. OR, AND and optimal, are compared in terms of required processing capabilities at the fusion center and at the secondary terminals, and required control channel capacity. Numerical simulations in a practical heavy multipath environment are provided to compared the performances of the considered approaches.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115903437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Track-before-detect algorithms for bistatic sonars","authors":"D. Orlando, F. Ehlers, G. Ricci","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604142","url":null,"abstract":"Track-before-detect (TBD) algorithms can improve track accuracy and follow low signal-to-noise ratio targets. A price paid for this increased performance is the high computational complexity of TBD implementations. In this work, we develop a new TBD approach capable of handling raw hydrophone data. In order to learn more about its performance and feasibility when applied to sonar, we use data from the sea trial PreDEMUS'06 with DEMUS sensor array of NATO Undersea Research Centre. As a first step, we introduce the sensor model for a bistatic sonar based on DEMUS receivers. Then, we formulate the TBD problem at hand as a binary hypothesis testing problem and derive a class of adaptive algorithms by using design procedures based upon the generalized likelihood ratio test. Remarkably, such detectors guarantee the constant false track acceptance rate property under the design assumptions with respect to the overall spectral properties of the noise. A preliminary performance analysis is presented. Finally, we discuss its potential to implement automatic track continuation and to prepare automatic classification for temporarily weak targets as these tasks are usually the challenges multistatic sonar systems have to overcome.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124076358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Instantaneous frequency detection via ridge neighbor tracking","authors":"V. Bruni, B. Piccoli, D. Vitulano, Silvia Marconi","doi":"10.1109/CIP.2010.5604104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIP.2010.5604104","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel approach to estimate chirp parameters in case of strong interference between two or more components in a 1D signal. In particular, it will proved that non ridge points provide a more robust parameters estimation in case of critical conditions. The proposed method has been tested on some synthetic signals and preliminary experimental results are very promising.","PeriodicalId":171474,"journal":{"name":"2010 2nd International Workshop on Cognitive Information Processing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128679554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}