Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of the Effects of Barefoot and Shod Training on Foot Structure, Muscle Strength, and Sensory Function.","authors":"Keiji Koyama, Shuhei Hosono","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005354","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Koyama, K and Hosono, S. Comparison of the effects of barefoot and shod training on foot structure, muscle strength, and sensory function. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): 566-575, 2026-The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 8 weeks multicomponent lower-limb training under barefoot versus shod conditions on foot muscle strength, structure, and sensory function. Healthy adults were assigned to either a barefoot training (BARE; n = 11), shod training (SHOD; n = 11), or control (CON; n = 15) groups. BARE and SHOD completed 2 weekly training including agility, balance, and strength exercises. Measurements were taken at baseline and weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8. Outcome measures included toe flexor strength, foot arch height, and foot sensory threshold. Relative toe flexor strength increased at weeks 4, 6, and 8 in both BARE and SHOD compared with baseline and was higher than in CON. For standing relative toe flexor strength, BARE showed greater values at weeks 6 and 8 than at weeks 2, and the value at week 6 was greater than at week 4, whereas in SHOD, only values at week 8 were greater than values at week 2. In contrast, arch-related variables and foot sensory threshold showed no significant changes during most of the training period in either group, and between-group differences were generally not significant. In CON, no significant changes were observed in nearly all outcome measures from baseline to week 8. Throughout the training period, no significant differences were found between BARE and SHOD in nearly all outcome measures. Overall, compared with shod training, 8 weeks of barefoot multicomponent exercises led to continued improvement in standing toe flexor strength without changing foot structure and sensory function.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"566-575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146052863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 10-Year Analysis of the Bronco Fitness Test in Male and Female Super Rugby Athletes: The Effect of Sex and Positional Group.","authors":"Jonathon Weakley, Scott Murphy, Matthew Kan, Fraser Thurlow, Lachlan Mitchell, Brendan Whelan, Patrick Williams, Andy J King, Dale B Read","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Weakley, J, Murphy, S, Kan, M, Thurlow, F, Mitchell, L, Whelan, B, Williams, P, King, AJ, and Read, DB. A 10-year analysis of the Bronco fitness test in male and female Super Rugby athletes: The effect of sex and positional group. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): e479-e484, 2026-The Bronco fitness test is a commonly used assessment of high-intensity running capacity. This study aimed to (a) analyze 10 years of Bronco fitness testing data from male and female Super Rugby athletes by sex and positional group and (b) develop practical percentile thresholds. Bronco test data were retrospectively analyzed from 462 elite rugby athletes (303 males, 159 females), totaling 1,668 observations. Athletes were grouped by sex and positional groups. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess differences, with Cohen's d effect sizes calculated. Percentile thresholds were derived from model outputs. Male athletes completed the Bronco significantly faster than female athletes (5:11 ± 00:02 vs. 6:19 ± 00:03 minutes:secs; p < 0.001; d = 1.78). Backs outperformed forwards in both sexes (male: 4:57 ± 00:02 vs. 5:21 ± 00:02; d = 1.09; female: 5:52 ± 00:06 vs. 6:38 ± 00:05; d = 0.98). Among male athletes, halves were the fastest positional group, while the Back 3 was fastest among female athletes. Front rowers consistently recorded the slowest times. Greater performance variability was observed in the female cohort, potentially reflecting the continued development of the female game. These findings provide normative data and percentile thresholds to guide profiling, conditioning, and long-term athlete development. Practitioners are encouraged to use these benchmarks to inform position-specific training and performance targets. The percentile tables and positional benchmarks presented can support practitioners and sport scientists in evaluating high-intensity running capacity, setting development goals, and tailoring conditioning programs for male and female Super Rugby athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":"40 5","pages":"e479-e484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint-Level Analysis of the Barbell Back Squat During Chain and Elastic Variable Resistance Use.","authors":"Adon V Alves, Anthony S Leicht, Glen B Deakin, Kenji Doma, Utkarsh Singh, Sara M Brice","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Alves, AV, Leicht, AS, Deakin, GB, Doma, K, Singh, U, and Brice, SM. Joint-level analysis of the barbell back squat during chain and elastic variable resistance use. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): 511-518, 2026-This study identifies the kinetic and kinematic differences between elastic (EVR) and chain variable resistance (CVR), and free-weight resistance (FW) use during the barbell back squat. Fifteen men (1RM = 124.2 ± 30.4 kg) completed 5 sessions during 4 weeks: 1-repetition maximum (1RM) testing session; variable resistance (VR) familiarization session; and 3 testing sessions. Peak ground reaction force (GRF) and rate of force development (RFD), along with sagittal plane joint range of motion (ROM), angular velocity, moments, and power, were examined. Peak GRF was significantly greater for FW than for both VR conditions (p < 0.05). Concentric RFD was significantly greater for CVR than for FW (p < 0.05). No differences in joint ROM were observed across the 3 conditions (p > 0.05). In most cases, both VR conditions elicited faster lower limb angular velocities than FW during the concentric and eccentric phases (p < 0.05). Despite external resistance differences, ankle and knee joint moments were similar for both VR types and FW, while FW produced greater hip and lumbar spine moments (p < 0.05). Free-weight resistance also produced greater eccentric lumbopelvis moments than EVR (p < 0.05). Comparing VR types, CVR produced greater concentric hip, lumbopelvis, and lumbar spine moments than EVR (p < 0.05). Both VR conditions produced greater knee concentric power than FW, while CVR also produced greater hip power than FW (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that CVR may be preferential to EVR for increased power adaptation. In addition, for those prone to lumbar injuries, EVR may be preferential because it provides sufficient lower limb stimulation while decreasing spinal loading.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":"40 5","pages":"511-518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Standing Broad Jump and 30-Meter Sprint in 826 Youth Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Marián Škorik, Roman Švantner, David Brűnn, Lukáš Karabin","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005350","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Škorik, M, Švantner, R, Brűnn, D, and Karabin, L. The relationship between standing broad jump and 30-meter sprint in 826 youth soccer players: a cross-sectional study. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): e512-e519, 2026-Speed and acceleration are essential for offensive and defensive actions in soccer. Given the high cost of advanced sprint measurement systems, alternative field tests such as the standing broad jump (SBJ) may serve as cost-effective tools for assessing horizontal force production. However, the relationship between SBJ and sprint performance across different acceleration phases in youth players remains unclear. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between a no-countermovement SBJ and sprint parameters in 826 elite male youth soccer players (U14-U19). Sprint performance was assessed using the 1080 Motion Sprint system, capturing maximum velocity (Vmax), theoretical maximum velocity (V 0 ), maximum horizontal force (F 0 ), maximum power, and maximum ratio of force (RFmax). Average speed (AS) and average force (AF) were analyzed across 3-meter segments for a 30-meter sprint. Pearson's correlation and linear regression were used, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Standing broad jump showed strong correlations with sprint parameters, particularly Vmax, V 0 , and RFmax ( r = 0.68, 0.63, and 0.58; all p < 0.001). The strongest associations between SBJ and AS or AF occurred in the late acceleration phase (9-12 m) across all age groups (AS: r = 0.75; AF: r = 0.66), with the highest correlations in U14 and U15. Regression models revealed that SBJ explained 39.1% of Vmax variance in U14, but only 9.8% in U19. These findings suggest SBJ is a practical and valid tool for evaluating sprint performance in younger players, although its predictive value declines with age because of greater influence of technical and biomechanical sprint factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"e512-e519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146086207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetries and Injury Risk: When Titles Spin the Tale.","authors":"José Afonso, Renato Andrade, Eduardo Oliveira, Anthony Turner, Konstantin Warneke, Chris Bishop","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Afonso, J, Andrade, R, Oliveira, E, Turner, A, Warneke, K, and Bishop, C. Asymmetries and injury risk: when titles spin the tale. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): e530-e533, 2026-Scientific integrity depends on transparent reporting and cautious interpretation of findings. The practice of \"spin\" undermines this principle by overstating or misrepresenting results. Spin may arise intentionally, to attract attention or align with popular narratives, or unintentionally, when researchers misunderstand methodological constraints. Titles are particularly susceptible to spin because they shape first impressions and may be the only part of an article many readers engage with. In sports sciences, this issue is not absent from research linking interlimb asymmetries with injury risk. Despite the popularity of the topic, often such studies rely on cross-sectional designs, retrospective injury reports, or surrogate outcomes with no injury data. By presenting asymmetries as risk factors, titles often exaggerate conclusions that the underlying data do not support. This risks misleading practitioners and policymakers and may perpetuate misconceptions about the role of asymmetry in injury development. This work analyzes illustrative cases in which spin occurs in the titles through misinterpretation, overstatement, or suggestive framing (even if, in some cases, the discussion within the article remains cautious). We argue that removing spin from titles is straightforward and propose practical rewording strategies that preserve accuracy without sacrificing clarity. Primarily, researchers should align titles with what their study designs can truly address, while reviewers and editors should act as gatekeepers by detecting and correcting misleading claims. Ultimately, curbing spin (especially in titles) will foster more reliable knowledge translation, safeguard the credibility of sports science, and promote a more nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between asymmetry and injury risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":"40 5","pages":"e530-e533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Deceleration Paradox: The Faster You Run the Slower You Stop.","authors":"Junlei Lin, Thomas Dos'Santos, Xinzhe Xu, Wei Li, Anthony Turner","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Lin, J, Dos'Santos, T, Xu, X, Li, W, and Turner, A. The deceleration paradox: The faster you run the slower you stop. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): 560-565, 2026-This study examined the effect of approach momentum on horizontal deceleration (DEC) performance. Eighty team sports athletes performed 3 maximal horizontal DEC trials from a 15-m approach. Sprint performance was recorded using timing gates, and instantaneous velocity was collected using a radar device. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were conducted to analyze the relationships between DEC-related variables. Between-subject (top 50% vs. bottom 50%) differences in DEC-related variables were also determined. Greater mean DEC was significantly correlated with lower approach momentum (r = -0.354, p = 0.001). Compared with lower DEC performers (in terms of mean and peak values), greater performers showed statistically significantly lower peak approach velocity (ES = 0.41-0.66, p < 0.05) and lower peak approach momentum (ES = 0.48-0.60, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the standardized beta values of the multiple regression analysis demonstrated that body mass is a greater determinant of DEC performance compared with approach velocity. In conclusion, practitioners should be aware that approach momentum (body mass and approach velocity) is a factor influencing DEC performance, and an inverse relationship exists. Thus, to evaluate maximal DEC ability, approach velocity and body mass must be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":"40 5","pages":"560-565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pitch Size, Player Numbers, and Playing Rules: How Small-Sided Game Constraints Shape the Training Demands in Male Academy Soccer.","authors":"Sigrid B H Olthof, Jordi Ferrandis, Vicente de Dios, Andrea Riboli","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005351","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Olthof, SBH, Ferrandis, J, de Dios, V, and Riboli, A. Pitch size, player numbers, and playing rules: how small-sided game constraints shape the training demands in male academy soccer. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): e506-e511, 2026-Small-sided games (SSGs) are part of daily soccer practice and usually manipulated in pitch size, player number, and playing rules. The aim of this study was to identify constraints that significantly affect the physical demands in SSGs in youth elite soccer players. Training sessions from an under-18 Spanish academy team were monitored, including 87 SSGs. Small-sided games were labelled for area per player (ApP), number of players, type of game, playing duration, goal size, use of floater players and goalkeepers, and number of touches. Relative physical demands were measured as total distance (TD), high-speed running (HSR), sprint distance (SD), and acceleration (ACC) and deceleration (DEC) distance. A linear mixed-effects model analysis was performed estimating the effects of SSG constraints (α set at 0.05). Greater ApP consistently increased TD, HSR, SD, ACC, and DEC. By contrast, increasing the number of players and longer playing duration reduced TD, HSR, ACC, and DEC. In addition, specific playing rules, such as the use of floater players, limited touches, and small goals primarily affected ACC and DEC. These findings highlight the important role of ApPs in shaping physical demands, while also showing that team size, playing duration, and specific playing rules contribute to the physical demands of SSGs. Understanding the magnitude and direction of these manipulations allows coaches to design SSGs more effectively to meet training objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"e506-e511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146086283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual Cycle Influence on Post-exercise Recovery: Comparing the Efficacy of Dry and Ice Massage in Female Combat Sports Athletes.","authors":"Robert Trybulski, Małgorzata Smoter, Andriy Vovkanych, Yaroslav Svyshch, Filipe Manuel Clemente","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005367","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Trybulski, R, Smoter, M, Vovkanych, A, Svyshch, Y, and Clemente, FM. Menstrual cycle influence on post-exercise recovery: comparing the efficacy of dry and ice massage in female combat sports athletes. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): 597-609, 2026-This study investigated how menstrual cycle phases affect recovery in female athletes after intense exercise, comparing dry massage and ice massage. Thirty-three combat sports athletes (age: 25.3 ± 2.1) were divided into 3 groups: dry massage, ice massage, and control. Subjects underwent an intense plyometric session during both the early-follicular and mid-luteal phases of their menstrual cycle. Measurements of muscle stiffness (MS), pressure pain threshold (PPT), cutaneous microvascular blood flow (CMBF), reactive strength index (RSI), creatine kinase (CK), and total quality of recovery (TQR) were taken pre- and post-exercise, at 24 and 72 hours. Massage groups received treatment twice daily for 3 days per cycle. Both dry and ice massages significantly reduced CMBF and MS and increased PPT compared with control up to 24 hours posttreatment ( p < 0.001), though effects differed at 72 hours. In addition, recovery in these 3 measures was greater during the early-follicular phase compared with the mid-luteal phase ( p < 0.05), with significant effects observed on CMBF and PPT. Reactive strength index and total quality of recovery were significantly higher at 24 and 72 hours in both massage groups compared with the control ( p < 0.001). Meanwhile, CK levels were significantly superior in both experimental groups only at 72 hours post-session ( p < 0.001) when compared with the control. Menstrual cycle phase did not influence CK, while RSI and TQR showed slight differences. In conclusion, both dry and ice massage effectively enhance recovery following intense exercise, particularly in improving MS, PPT, and CMBF, with the early-follicular phase showing slightly better recovery outcomes than the mid-luteal phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"597-609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147474059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feelings in the Lift: Comparing Perceptual Responses to Cluster and Traditional Resistance Training Protocols.","authors":"Bianca de Souza Soares, Josef Mohammad, Carlos Eduardo Cantelmo, Maria Clara Gomes Alves, Bruna Cristina de Oliveira Barros, Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005360","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>de Souza Soares, B, Mohammad, J, Cantelmo, CE, Gomes Alves, MC, de Oliveira Barros, BC, and Vieira de Oliveira, G. Feelings in the lift: Comparing perceptual responses to cluster and traditional resistance training protocols. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): e437-e444, 2026-This study compared the acute effects of traditional vs. cluster resistance training (RT) protocols on affective valence, arousal, enjoyment, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in resistance-trained young adults. Sixteen subjects completed 2 lower-limb RT sessions in a randomized crossover design: 1 with a traditional configuration and another with cluster sets. Affective valence declined during and after the traditional session ( p < 0.05), but remained stable across time in the cluster session, with a significant protocol × time interaction ( p < 0.001). Perceived activation increased in both conditions ( p < 0.001) but was significantly higher after the traditional protocol ( p = 0.04; d = 0.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.12-1.21]). Enjoyment was significantly greater ( p < 0.01; d = 0.7, 95% CI [-1.31 to -0.18]), and RPE significantly lower ( p < 0.001; d = 1.2, 95% CI [0.52-1.82]) following the cluster session. Rating of perceived exertion negatively correlated with enjoyment ( r = -0.54, p = 0.03) and affective valence ( r = -0.54, p = 0.032) in the traditional condition. These results suggest that RT set configuration acutely modulates psychoaffective outcomes. Cluster RT elicits more favorable affective and perceptual responses, which may enhance exercise enjoyment and support long-term adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"e437-e444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147473908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart Rate Variability After Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise and Traditional Resistance Exercise in Trained Men and Women.","authors":"Michael R Perlet, Lauren I Mendonça, Peter A Hosick, Nicholas Licameli, Evan L Matthews","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005364","DOIUrl":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Perlet, MR, Mendonça, LI, Hosick, PA, Licameli, N, and Matthews, EL. Heart rate variability after blood flow restriction resistance exercise and traditional resistance exercise in trained men and women. J Strength Cond Res 40(5): 545-551, 2026-Autonomic nervous system responses are attenuated after blood flow restriction (BFR) resistance exercise vs. traditional resistance exercise (TRE) in men, but women's responses are unknown. The purpose of this investigation is to compare the effects of a single BFR vs. TRE session on HRV. Thirty-nine adults (M=20, W=19, age: 23±4yrs, body mass: 72.3±13.2kg, height: 169±9cm) participated in the study. Barbell back squat 1 repetition maximum (1RM) testing was performed followed by 2 randomized and counterbalanced exercise visits ≥48 hours apart (BFR: 4 sets, 30-15-15-15 repetitions, 30% 1RM, 60 s rest; TRE: 4 sets × 10 repetitions, 70% 1RM, 60 s rest). Pre- and postexercise resting electrocardiograms were analyzed using heart rate variability (HRV) normalized units for low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and LF/HF. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variances with sex as a between-subjects effect were analyzed (alpha p < 0.05). Both LF and HF displayed interaction effects (both p < 0.05) with no effect or interaction with sex (all p > 0.05). Post hoc testing found that LF increased and HF decreased postexercise, but with greater effects in the TRE condition (all p < 0.05). Low frequency/HF also increased postexercise, and there was a sex by time interaction (all p < 0.05). Post hoc testing found greater increases in LF/HF postexercise in men than in women ( p < 0.05) across exercise conditions. Both TRE and BFR increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic activity HRV indices, and the changes were attenuated for BFR in both sexes. However, men have a greater shift toward sympathetic dominance independent of exercise type. These changes in HRV indices may have beneficial applications for exercise training/recovery when trying to reduce autonomic stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":" ","pages":"545-551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}