Fu-Lung Chen, T. Shinn, Chein-Dhau Lee, Wen-Shiang Wang
{"title":"Design, synthesis and properties of polyimide alignment materials","authors":"Fu-Lung Chen, T. Shinn, Chein-Dhau Lee, Wen-Shiang Wang","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762782","url":null,"abstract":"Polyimide has been applied to the alignment of liquid crystals (LCs) since 1970. It is desirable that polyimide has a stable conformation for control of the pretilt angle of LCs. Low pretilt angle (1-2 degrees) of LCs is the key issue for high duty TN-LCDs. In this paper we report the design, synthesis and properties of a series of polyimide alignment materials for LCs. The LC cells exhibit stable pretilt angle (less than 2 degrees) irrespective of curing temperature and rubbing treatment, and also show no reverse tilt disclination after thermal annealing treatment. We suggest that rigid biphenyl skeletons are the key factor for the stable conformation of polyimide alignment materials.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130154694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SBTN and XSTN: reflective liquid crystal displays","authors":"X. Wang","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762737","url":null,"abstract":"The reflective liquid crystal displays, SBTN (sub-twist nematic LCD) and XSTN (non-compensated super-twist nematic LCD), were investigated. They operate using different principles compared to conventional TN and STN. They have shown great advantages such as brightness, electro-optic performance, tolerable production margin, economical cost, etc. They are a new generation of LCDs deserving further development.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131391771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new approach method to improve the brightness uniformity in color display tubes","authors":"Hsin-Ju Ho","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762755","url":null,"abstract":"In order to meet the requirements and expectations from customers, it is necessary to improve continuously the quality of products. For color display tubes, the brightness uniformity is one of main concerns of customers and end users. We are starting a new approach to improve the brightness uniformity. The causes of influencing the brightness uniformity include exposure correction lens (landing), exposure filter, photographic process, shadow mask design, etc. The design of the filter, which corrects the light intensity distribution in the exposure system, is the most important. We can measure 192 points for tubes' brightness distribution and black matrix hole size distribution within a certain time. From the measurement results, a new correcting filter to improve the brightness uniformity can be made by our design model. The sizes of the black matrix from the center to the edge are made almost the same as the target. Better brightness uniformity in a color display tube is realized.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126891913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electronics development of color sequential silicon microdisplay for virtual reality applications","authors":"P. Cheng, H.C. Huang","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762774","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a highly integrated liquid-crystal-on-silicon microdisplay for virtual reality applications. The silicon panel was designed and fabricated by a custom 0.5 /spl mu/m 3-metal CMOS technology with 704/spl times/576 pixels. We further utilized a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an application specific integrated circuit to implement a color sequential technique. Image scaling was also applied to linearly expand VGA, NTSC and PAL images in order to fill the whole display panel. As a result, we were able to display VGA, NTSC and PAL videos by the same display system. This compact microdisplay system can lead to a variety of virtual reality applications.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134600824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Liquid-crystal-on-silicon XGA projection display using mixed-mode twisted nematics","authors":"H.C. Huang, H. Kwok, S. Kwok, C.S. Li","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762710","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a highly integrated liquid-crystal-on-silicon display for three-panel color projector. The silicon panel was designed and fabricated by a custom 0.5 /spl mu/m 3-metal CMOS technology with a spatial resolution of 1024/spl times/768 pixels. The pixel pitch was 13.8 /spl mu/m and the fill factor was 91%. 6-bit digital data drivers and gamma-correction resistor network were integrated within the silicon panel for true gray scale and full color image representation. The display was made with an optimized mixed twisted nematic and birefringence cell configuration for high contrast ratio at CMOS compatible voltage. Contrast ratio was 70:1 at 3.5 Vrms. With a compact optical projector, vivid image and good color saturation were demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132895802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Nakamura, K. Sumi, S. Mitsuhashi, M. Mizuki, K. Ebe
{"title":"Newly developed low power impregnated cathode for CRTs","authors":"H. Nakamura, K. Sumi, S. Mitsuhashi, M. Mizuki, K. Ebe","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762746","url":null,"abstract":"In the development of low power impregnated cathode, to decrease heater power the Taguchi method has been used. The newly developed low power impregnated cathode can he applied to a new electron gun-we call this technology \"L-SAGIC\"-enabling the CRT's to achieve good performance and high resolution and brightness.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"425 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123098229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spectroscopic analysis in laser annealing LT poly-Si TFTs","authors":"Chu-Jung Shih, I. Lu, Li-Ming Wang","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762722","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the optic characteristics of XeCl excimer laser annealed (ELA) amorphous silicon in this study. The 50 nm PECVD a-Si film was deposited on PECVD oxide with a thickness of 300 nm. Then the samples were heated to reduce its hydrogen content and crystallized with a wide range of 308 nm XeCl excimer laser energy densities. It was found that the structure and optic characteristics of Poly-Si film is a function of the extent of crystalline of Poly-Si film. For example, in the transmittance spectroscopic range of 420-610 nm, the transmittance is dependent on the extent of crystalline of Poly-Si film. Therefore we can use these optic characteristics of Poly-Si film to monitor the extent of crystallization of Poly-Si films. Correlations between optic characteristics of laser crystallized Poly-Si, ELA energy density and surface roughness were discussed to monitor the Poly-Si film quality.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130029372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The implication of thermal compaction on hot forming technology for AMLCD glass","authors":"S. Shieh, Hsien-Hui Tai, Hsiu-Chin Hsieh","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762716","url":null,"abstract":"Silicate glass is the primary candidate for AMLCD substrates. Stringent pristine surface requirement has limited its commercial production to within a few companies, each of which uses different hot forming technique. Thermal compaction and structure relaxation studies revealed different thermal history experienced by the substrate during manufacturing. Tests shown higher expansion OA2 has less compaction than 1737 indicating a much lower sheet forming temperature than 1737. While newer OA10 and 1737 are practically inter-changeable with one another, having many similarities in their thermal mechanical properties. Data supports the possibility of inter-changing different brand glasses for either color filter or TFT.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131723004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A four-domain in-plane-switching LCD","authors":"Lisen Chuang, Dai‐Liang Ting, Ching-Chao Chang","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762748","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a 4-domain in-plane switching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) with a novel electrode structure, where data electrodes and common electrodes are perpendicular to each other, These two electrodes are formed in different layers isolated by a dielectric thin film, with larger tolerance to error of alignment between these two electrodes than conventional IPS-LCD. When a voltage difference is applied to the electrodes, liquid crystal molecules will re-orient in different directions due to the non-uniform distribution of the electric field. This results in a 4-domain LCD with vanishingly small color-shift for viewing angle over 60 degrees in the horizontal and vertical directions. The overlapping areas of these two electrodes form a part of a storage capacitor for TFT-LCD application, which helps to enlarge the aperture ratio. The test cell results are demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121178190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparisons between homogeneous and homeotropic SSCT","authors":"Ching-Chao Chang","doi":"10.1109/ASID.1999.762752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASID.1999.762752","url":null,"abstract":"We have demonstrated SSCT (Surface Stabilized Cholesteric Textures) with homogeneous and homeotropic alignments. Both alignments can stabilize the planar texture and the focal conic texture of cholesteric liquid crystals. We compared the optical performance of the high-pretilt homogeneous SSCT with that of the homeotropic SSCT and found that the homogeneous SSCT can have more uniform coloration over very wide viewing angles, but with a smaller contrast ratio. The contrast ratios for both SSCT are greater than 5, which can be used in such applications as electronic newspapers and PDA.","PeriodicalId":170859,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th Asian Symposium on Information Display. ASID '99 (IEEE Cat. No.99EX291)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132277345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}