Journal of Sleep Research最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19-Induced Narcolepsy Type I With Cataplexy: A Short Report.","authors":"Torsten Vinding Merinder, Martin Langeskov-Christensen, Filip Kirov","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70372","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Narcolepsy type I is a rare neurological sleep disorder characterised by chronic excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, and low orexin (hypocretin) levels. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 has been linked to neurological and neuropsychiatric sequelae, but cases of post-COVID narcolepsy remain extremely uncommon. We report a previously healthy 42-year-old Caucasian female who developed excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, and hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations within 3 months of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Polysomnography (PSG) showed disturbed nocturnal sleep with a high arousal index and periodic limb movements and mild sleep apnea, while the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) showed a mean latency of 1 min with sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods in all naps. Cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin was markedly reduced (< 40 ng/L), confirming narcolepsy type I. Following the diagnosis, medical treatment was initiated-with methylphenidate for hypersomnolence followed by venlafaxine for cataplexy, which led to a substantial symptomatic improvement, enabling a return to daily functioning. The case contributes to the minimal literature on narcolepsy following COVID-19 and supports hypotheses of autoimmune-mediated destruction of hypocretin-producing neurons triggered by viral infection. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for primary sleep disorders in patients with persistent fatigue and hypersomnolence after COVID-19, as early recognition and targeted treatment markedly improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148055213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacotherapy for Precision Medicine of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.","authors":"Wenxin Bao, Rong Ren, Shuancheng Ren, Xiangdong Tang, Ye Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70379","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Health of Athletes of Different Sports: Translation and Validation of the Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire to Portuguese.","authors":"João Barreira, Júlio A Costa, João Brito, Vasco Cardoso, Cátia Reis","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70349","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to translate and validate the Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) into Portuguese and assess the sleep health of athletes using the ASSQ. Translation followed established scientific guidelines. A sample of 246 Portuguese athletes from various sports completed the ASSQ, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (r-MEQ). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported two factors for the Sleep Difficulty Score (SDS) and chronotype subscales. Model fit indices indicated excellent fit for SDS and chronotype. Internal consistency was acceptable for SDS (α = 0.58) and chronotype (α = 0.54). Mean SDS was 5.7, and 22% of the sample were found to have sleep problems. Specifically, 16% were classified with moderate sleep problems and 6% with severe sleep problems. No significant differences in SDS categories were found across sex, sports type, sports environment, competitive level or age group. Travel-related sleep disturbances were reported by 20% of athletes, and 11% experienced performance issues after travelling. Chronotype differed by sports type, sports environment, competitive level and age group, but not by SDS categories. Additionally, morning chronotypes reported more travel-related sleep disturbances (p = 0.045). The Portuguese ASSQ showed strong validity and acceptable reliability. Cohort analysis revealed that a substantial proportion of Portuguese athletes reported having sleep problems and some would benefit from specific interventions intended to improve sleep.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147868909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent Sleep Disturbance Following Pandemic Lockdowns: Longitudinal Findings From the UK COVID-19 Symptom Study Biobank.","authors":"Barbara Toson, Nathan J Cheetham, Julia R B Brown, Carole H Sudre, Simon Proctor, Vicky Bowyer, Nicholas R Harvey, Desaline Joseph, Adam Birdseye, Claire J Steves, Sutapa Mukherjee, Emma L Duncan","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70344","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep disturbance and fatigue were highly prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic, in both infected and non-infected individuals, though mostly assessed cross-sectionally. To assess these symptoms after lockdown cessation, we conducted a prospective longitudinal study in a large UK cohort. Validated questionnaires assessing sleep disturbances, fatigue, depression, and anxiety were administered to COVID Symptom Study Biobank participants at two time periods-Autumn 2021 and Spring 2022 equinoxes-corresponding to lockdown and lifting of restrictions, respectively. After adjusting for differential participation using inverse probability weighting, data from 2390 participants were analysed. Generalised linear models examined SARS-CoV-2 infection, post-COVID-19 syndrome [PCS], and longitudinal changes of sleep disturbances and fatigue, adjusting for potential confounders. Despite lifting of lockdown, high levels of sleep disturbance and fatigue persisted, with no significant improvement over time, independently of baseline or new SARS-CoV-2 infection or PCS. De novo SARS-CoV-2 marginally worsened STOP-Bang scores although below clinical significance. There was a trend for interaction between baseline SARS-CoV-2 status and Chalder Fatigue scores on follow-up fatigue (B = 0.19, 95% CI = -0.01 to 0.39, p = 0.057). Receipt of booster vaccination lowered Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores (B = -0.53, 95% CI = -0.96 to -0.10, p = 0.016) but doubled likelihood of restless legs syndrome symptoms (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.38 to 4.37, p = 0.002). Overall, the high rates of sleep disturbances and fatigue observed during lockdown persisted after restrictions were lifted, independent of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sleep disruption reported during lockdown may endure unless actively addressed. Given the high prevalence of both sleep disturbance and fatigue, routine assessment of sleep is recommended for individuals presenting with persistent post-pandemic fatigue, including PCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of the European Sleep Questionnaire A New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure.","authors":"Dirk A Pevernagie, Marie De Bruecker, Elke Veirman, Geert Crombez, Dimitri M L Van Ryckeghem, Katrien Hertegonne, Fré A Bauters, Inger L Abma, Erna Sif Arnardottir, Ludger Grote, Jan Hedner, Anna Sigridur Islind, Kamilla Rún Jóhannsdóttir, Gert Jan Lammers, Walter T McNicholas, Piet-Heijn van Mechelen, Kristín Anna Ólafsdóttir, Sebastiaan Overeem, Dieter Riemann, Reijo Sund, An Mariman","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70401","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep medicine relies on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to complement clinical interviews and objective sleep tests. Available sleep questionnaires focus on isolated symptoms or single disorders, limiting their ability to capture the complexity of sleep conditions. Also, many PROMs remain poorly validated. The European Sleep Questionnaire (ESQ) is being developed as a generic transdiagnostic sleep PROM designed to address these limitations. By integrating relevant interview components, it aims to streamline clinical assessment and better reflect real-world phenotypes across the full spectrum of sleep disorders. The ESQ has been initiated within the EU-funded Sleep Revolution project and is still being developed through an iterative process. Its design is informed by a comprehensive literature review as well as expert and patient input. The ESQ prototype contains 119 items organized into nine sections and uses Likert-type scales to assess symptom severity, frequency, and bothersomeness over the past month. It is equipped with an additional module for follow-up assessment. It is translated into 17 languages and is digitally implemented to support multicenter studies. Initial validation includes cognitive interviews and evaluation of psychometric properties in patients with various sleep disorders. Item refinement and scoring key creation will guide the further development of the ESQ, after which it will be made available for public use. The ESQ aims to support personalized clinical diagnosis and appraisal of treatment results. Future research will extend into other sleep disorders and specific populations, strengthening the ESQ as a comprehensive tool for clinical practice, research, and preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70401"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parapharyngeal Fat Pads as an Obesity-Related Parameter for Apnea-Hypopnea Index Severity.","authors":"Antonia Felix, Amro Daboul, Tatyana Ivanovska, Peter Meisel, Ralf Ewert, Ingo Fietze, Thomas Penzel, Markus Krüger","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70365","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the association between obstructive sleep apnea severity and the parapharyngeal fat pad volume is examined in a population-based sample. We included 680 participants who underwent standardised overnight polysomnography between 2008 and 2012 as part of the Study of Health in Pomerania in a sleep laboratory in Greifswald, Germany. The apnea-hypopnea index was used as a marker of obstructive sleep apnea severity and the parapharyngeal fat pad volume, as our variable of interest, was analysed based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging data by automated image segmentation. We performed an ordinal logistic regression analysis to test the effect of parapharyngeal fat pad volume on apnea-hypopnea index, controlling for body-mass index as a confounder. The results indicated that greater parapharyngeal fat volume was associated with a higher apnea-hypopnea index in an unadjusted analysis. After adjustment for body-mass index, this association was no longer significant. An exploratory body-mass index-stratified analysis suggested that the association between parapharyngeal fat volume and apnea-hypopnea index may be present primarily in non-obese individuals. These findings highlight the importance of considering body-mass index as a measure for overall obesity when evaluating the specific role of parapharyngeal fat in obstructive sleep apnea.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70365"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotype Refinement Influences GWAS-Implicated Variant Effect Sizes for Insomnia.","authors":"Amber J Zimmerman, Patrick Z Liu, Brendan T Keenan, Thomas G Brooks, Struan F A Grant, Philip R Gehrman, Ron C Anafi, Allan I Pack","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70356","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How phenotypes are measured, especially when relying on subjective reports, is an impediment to the utility of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This is a common problem in GWAS for sleep traits, as many sleep disturbances appear subjectively similar despite having distinct underlying pathophysiology. Phenotype refinement is, therefore, necessary to improve our understanding of complex trait biology. Here, we utilise expanded questionnaire data collected from ~180,000 participants in the UK Biobank to help further distinguish insomnia from restless legs syndrome (RLS) from subjective reports. We demonstrate prior GWAS efforts for insomnia likely mischaracterised participants using a single-question approach. Through statistical models, we examine two of the most significant GWAS signals for insomnia, namely at the MEIS1 and BTBD9 loci, finding their effects are largely or completely, driven by their effects on RLS. Collectively, our results underscore the necessity of improving phenotype classification and highlight the utility of newly released UK Biobank data for sleep research.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70356"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postmortem Evidence of CRH Neuron Reduction in Narcolepsy Without Cataplexy With Borderline Hypocretin-1 Levels.","authors":"Ling Shan, Suzan Linssen, Rolf Fronczek, Lucie Barateau, Christelle Peyron, Yves Dauvilliers","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70395","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Narcolepsy is classified as type 1 (NT1) or type 2 (NT2) mainly according to hypocretin deficiency rather than cataplexy. While CRH neuron loss in the PVN has been described in NT1, it remains unclear whether similar changes occur in narcolepsy without cataplexy. We report a 42-year-old woman with excessive daytime sleepiness since age 15, without cataplexy. Two multiple sleep latency tests and lumbar punctures performed 8 years apart showed mean latencies of 8.3 min with three SOREMPs and 10.8 min with two SOREMPs, along with borderline low-intermediate hypocretin-1 levels of 100 pg/mL initially and 122 pg/mL at follow-up. HLA DQB1*06:02 was positive, and brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal. The patient later developed severe depression and committed suicide. CRH neuron counts were compared with a control and a NT1 hypothalamus. All hypothalami were formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded and processed for thionin staining and immunohistochemistry for hypocretin and CRH, with neurons manually counted. Only the anterior hypothalamus was available from this case, precluding the assessment of hypocretin neurons, although CSF levels indicated a borderline low-intermediate reduction. Thionin staining confirmed that the PVN was fully included in our case and revealed an almost complete loss of CRH-positive neurons in the PVN compared with controls, consistent with findings in NT1. This report indicates that narcolepsy without cataplexy, accompanied by borderline low CSF hypocretin-1 levels, is associated with a marked reduction in CRH neurons in the PVN, which may contribute to excessive daytime sleepiness and impaired wakefulness regulation, without triggering cataplexy.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148330528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracoabdominal Asynchrony and Obesity: A Longitudinal Perspective on Paediatric Sleep Physiology.","authors":"Weerapong Lilitwat","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70463","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70463","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70463"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual Versus Patient-Initiated Follow-Up in Sleep Apnoea Care: A Quasi-Experimental Study.","authors":"Karin Jeppesen, Donna Lykke Wolff, Sofie Ronja Petersen, Asbjørn Kørvel-Hanquist, Jens Pilgaard Jacobsen, Eva Kirkegaard Kiær, Poul Jørgen Jennum, Preben Homøe, Helene Skjøt-Arkil","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70350","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnoea affects nearly 1 billion people worldwide, placing increasing pressure on healthcare systems. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is often the standard treatment, and efficient follow-up strategies are needed to maintain adherence and optimise hospital resources. This study aimed to evaluate whether CPAP follow-up, conducted through traditional scheduled annual in-person or patient-initiated contacts, was most effective based on adherence rates, contact type and frequency, and associated costs. A quasi-experimental design was used to compare CPAP follow-up practices in two sleep clinics. The primary outcome was adherence after 2 years, assessed using telemonitoring data from the CPAP devices. Registry data were used to assess contact frequency and type, as well as diagnosis-related group tariffs to estimate hospital contact costs. Adherence rates were 80% in both sleep clinics after 2 years. Patients with scheduled annual contacts had an average of 4.09 (SD 1.63) interactions, primarily in-person, whereas those with patient-initiated contacts had 5.09 (SD 3.01), most of which were virtual. The cost-minimisation analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in overall costs between the two follow-up models, with a mean of 1210 EUR (IQR 1129-1614) in the scheduled contact group and 1076 EUR (IQR 700-1507) in the patient-initiated group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the impact of replacing scheduled CPAP follow-up contacts with patient-initiated contacts. Given the comparable adherence rates and costs, we conclude that scheduled annual in-person follow-up may be considered for replacement with a more flexible, virtual, patient-driven follow-up model.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70350"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147973478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}