ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Interpretation und mögliche Ursachen statistisch insignifikanter Testergebnisse – Eine Fallstudie zu den Beschäftigungseffekten der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 2006 (Interpretation and Potential Causes of Statistically Insignficant Test Results - A Case Study of the Employment Effects of the Soccer Wo","authors":"W. Maennig, Cristina Sattarhoff, P. Stahlecker","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3063233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3063233","url":null,"abstract":"<b>German Abstract:</b> In empirischen Analysen werden Testergebnisse häufig tabellarisch als statistisch signifikante oder insignifikante Resultate ausgewiesen. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der sachgerechten Interpretation der insignifikanten Resultate und der Analyse möglicher Ursachen. Als Beispiel dienen uns die Daten und Regressionsmodelle aus der Untersuchung von Hagn and Maennig (2009) zu den potentiellen Beschäftigungseffekten der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 2006. Wir berechnen Kennzahlen zur Diagnose der Fast-Multikollinearität der Regressoren und empirische Gütefunktionen der relevanten t-Tests unter Berücksichtigung von autokorrelierten und heteroskedastischen Störgrößen mit Hilfe von Simulationsrechnungen. Außerdem betrachten wir zwei leicht modifizierte Modellvarianten und sogenannte Äquivalenztests. Unser Beitrag ist als Anregung zur Verwendung weiterer Diagnosewerkzeuge gedacht, um Testentscheidungen besser abzusichern. <b>English Abstract:</b> In empirical analyses, test results are often displayed in tables as statistically significant or insignificant. The present paper deals with the proper interpretation of the insignificant results and the analysis of possible causes.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129443772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poverty and Material Deprivation Among the Self-Employed in Europe: An Exploration of a Relatively Uncharted Landscape","authors":"Jeroen Horemans, I. Marx","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3041803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3041803","url":null,"abstract":"In work-poverty has become a pressing social issue in Europe. The self-employed remain relatively uncharted terrain in this context. With about 15 percent of European workers in self-employment this group can no longer be ignored, especially since self-employment is on the rise in many countries, particularly own-account self-employment. Drawing on EU-SILC data this paper provides a systematic mapping exercise of poverty and living standards among the self-employed in the European Union. We find that the self-employed in Europe generally face significantly higher income poverty risks than contracted workers. Looking in more detail at the drivers of income poverty among the self-employed we find that in addition to lower reported earnings, lower overall work-intensity at the household level appears to be an important driver. However, while income poverty levels are quite significant among the self-employed, material deprivation rates are generally much lower. The discrepancy between income poverty measures and material deprivation measures is much larger for the self-employed than it is for employees. One possible explanation is that the self-employed can more often draw on assets accumulated over the life cycle or on business assets they control. The self-employed constitute a very mixed segment of the workforce and within-group inequality is quite significant. One group emerges as being particularly at-risk of poverty are own-account workers, substantiating worries about the rise of this form of self-employment. While the paper offers extensive descriptive analysis and some tentative explanations, an important and sizable research agenda remains.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115124741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dynamics of Solo Self-Employment: Persistence and Transition to Employership","authors":"Daniel S. J. Lechmann, Christoph Wunder","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3100870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3100870","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines dynamics of solo self-employment. In particular, we investigate the extent of true state dependence and cross state dependence, i.e., whether experiencing solo selfemployment causally affects the probability of becoming an employer in the future. We use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel to estimate dynamic multinomial logit models. Our results show that the extent of true (cross) state dependence is rather small. The observed persistence in solo self-employment as well as transitions from solo self-employment to employership can largely be explained by observed and unobserved heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133263052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Entrepreneurship Development in Bulgaria","authors":"V. Terziev, E. Arabska","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3149045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3149045","url":null,"abstract":"Bulgarian Abstract: През последното десетилетие концепцията за развитие и насърчаване на социалната икономика и социалното предприемачество е част от политиката на ЕС за справяне със социалното изключване на лица в уязвимо положение. Също така моделът на социалната икономика е един от ключовите инструменти за постигане на социални цели в рамките на устойчивия и приобщаващ растеж. Социалните помощи се измерват чрез интеграция и заетост на хора в неравностойно положение, принос към процеса на социално приобщаване на други уязвими лица, а икономическият показател се изразява в спестени публични средства за социални помощи, от една страна, и допълнителните средства, компенсиращи социални разходи за дългосрочна безработица. Важно е да се създадат подходящи условия за развитието на социалните предприятия с възможно най-широк обхват - самите уязвими групи и техните проблеми са разнообразни и различни и \"отговорът\" на техните нужди трябва да бъде гъвкав, за да бъде ефективен и ефективно; \"Пътят към решения\" не е важен (пътят може да бъде различен, както и разнообразните и огромни възможности за икономически инициативи), което води до самия резултат, резултатът е важен - по-добра интеграция и устойчиво преодоляване на социалното изключване. \u0000English Abstract: In the last decade the concept of development and promotion of social economy and social entrepreneurship are part of EU policy to tackle the social exclusion of persons in a vulnerable position. Also, the model of social economy is one of the key instruments for achieving social objectives within the framework of the sustainable and inclusive growth. Social benefits are measured by integration and employment of disadvantaged people, the contribution to the process of social inclusion of other vulnerable people, and the economic indicator is expressed by saved public funds for social welfare, on the one hand, and the additional funds compensating the social costs of long-term unemployment. What is important to happen is to create suitable conditions for the development of social enterprises with the widest possible range - vulnerable groups themselves and their problems are diverse and different, and the answer to their needs must be flexible in order to be efficient and effective; way to solutions is not important (the path may be different, as are diverse and vast opportunities for economic initiatives) that leads to the result itself, the result is important - better integration and sustainable tackling of social exclusion.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131136893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Доходите на домакинствата – структура и динамика в условията на финансова криза (The Household Income – The Structure and Dynamic in Terms of Financial Crisis)","authors":"R. Lilova, Aneliya Radulova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2984910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2984910","url":null,"abstract":"Bulgarian Abstract: Настоящата разработка акцентира върху значимостта на домакинските бюджети като инструмент за въздействие върху националните и международните финансови пазари в условията на глобална икономическа криза. Изследван размера на доходите на домакинствата, като основен показател за степента на благосъстояние на населението за периода 2007 г. - 2009 г. Анализира структурата на доходите и очертава тенденциите в движението на паричните потоци според източниците на формиране. \u0000 \u0000English Abstract: This article focuses on the importance of household budgets as a tool to influence national and international financial markets in a global economic crisis. The amount of household income as the main indicator of the well-being of the population for the period 2007-2009 is examined. The structure of income and the trends in cash flows according to the source of formation is analysed.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121171147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability Benefits, Consumption Insurance, and Household Labor Supply","authors":"David Autor, A. Kostøl, M. Mogstad, Bradley Setzler","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3057975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3057975","url":null,"abstract":"There is no evaluation of the consequences of Disability Insurance (DI) receipt that captures the effects on households’ net income and consumption expenditure, family labor supply, or benefits from other programs. Combining detailed register data from Norway with an instrumental variables approach based on random assignment to appellant judges, we comprehensively assess how DI receipt affects these understudied outcomes. To consider the welfare implications of the findings from this instrumental variables approach, we estimate a dynamic model of household behavior that translates employment, reapplication, and savings decisions into revealed preferences for leisure and consumption. The model-based results suggest that on average, the willingness to pay for DI receipt is positive and sizable. Because spousal labor supply strongly buffers the household income and consumption effects of DI allowances, the estimated willingness to pay for DI receipt is smaller for married than single applicants. (JEL D12, D14, H55, I38, J14, J22)","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131198812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Rates of Productivity Growth Would Be Required to Offset the Effects of Population Aging? A Study of Twenty Industrialised Countries","authors":"F. Denton, B. Spencer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2986179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2986179","url":null,"abstract":"A shift in population distribution toward older ages is underway in industrialised countries throughout the world and will continue well into the future. We provide a framework for isolating the pure effects of population aging on per capita GDP, employ the framework in calculations for twenty OECD countries, and derive the rates of productivity growth required to offset those effects. We consider also some labourrelated changes that might provide offsets, for comparison with productivity.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134390559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worldviews and Intergenerational Altruism: A Comparison of Turkish People Living in Turkey and Germany","authors":"K. A. Akkemik, M. Bulut, Marcus Dittrich, Koray Göksal, Kristina Leipold, M. Ogaki","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2954543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2954543","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we examine and compare the impact of cultural differences on intergenerational altruism in Turkish people living in Turkey and in Germany, using the anthropological concept of worldview. Data were gathered from four surveys: nationwide surveys in Turkey and Germany, an online survey of Turkish people living in Germany, and a survey conducted as an experiment in a mosque attended by Turkish people in Germany. We find striking differences in parenting attitudes between Turkish people living in Turkey and those who live in Germany. Turkish people living in Germany tend to resemble German people in their parenting attitudes. We also find that differences in confidence attached to worldview beliefs, differences in religiosity, and the subjective probabilities attached to worldview beliefs (such as “All humans evolved from another living organism”) between Turkish people living in Turkey and those in Germany have statistically significant explanatory power for these differences in parenting attitudes.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125217121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kommentierung von § 23 Wohnungseigentümergesetz (WEG) in Soergel, 13. Auflage 2017, Band 15/2 (Commentary of Section 23 of the German Housing Owners Act)","authors":"Dominik Skauradszun","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2898237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2898237","url":null,"abstract":"German Abstract: § 10 des deutschen Wohnungseigentumsgesetzes stellt die Hauptvorschrift fur die Grundregeln der Gemeinschaft dar. Einige Regelungen aus § 10 WEG standen und stehen besonders haufig im Mittelpunkt von gerichtlichen Entscheidungen und Untersuchungen im Schrifttum. Die vorliegende Kommentierung legt einen Schwerpunkt auf den Anspruch aus § 10 Abs. 2 Satz 3 WEG, mit dem Vereinbarungen angepasst werden konnen. Ein anderer Schwerpunkt wird auf § 10 Abs. 6 Satz 3 WEG gelegt, mit dem Anspruche, die den Wohnungseigentumern individuell gehoren, vergemeinschaftet werden konnen. Die vorliegende Kommentierung folgt dabei der sogenannten Okkupationslehre, die hier Grenzen der Vergemeinschaftung festgelegt hat. Schlieslich werden intensiv die Fragen der Haftung der Wohnungseigentumer nach § 10 Abs. 8 WEG untersucht. Hier werden insbesondere Regressanspruche und Freistellungsanspruche untersucht. Bei vielen Fragestellungen werden auch die prozessualen Auswirkungen erortert. \u0000English Abstract: Section 10 of the German Housing Owners Act (“Wohnungseigentumsgesetz” - WEG) is the main rule for the fundamental rules of the association. Some regulations have been, and often are, subject of judicial decisions and research in the legal literature. The present commentary focuses especially on the claim according to § 10 para. 2 sentence 3 WEG, with which agreements can be adapted. Another focus is placed on Section 10 para. 6 sentence 3 WEG, which allows the individual rights of the homeowners to be communitized (“vergemeinschaften”). The present commentary follows the so-called occupation theory (“Okkupationstheorie”), which has defined the limits of communitization. Finally, the questions of the personal liability of the homeowners are examined intensively in accordance with § 10 para. 8 WEG. For many questions, the procedural effects are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131735711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Head-To-Head Comparison of Augmented Wealth in Germany and the United States","authors":"Timm Boenke, M. Grabka, Carsten Schröder, E. Wolff","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2941649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2941649","url":null,"abstract":"We provide levels of, compositions of, and inequalities in household augmented wealth – defined as the sum of net worth and pension wealth – for two countries: the United States and Germany. Pension wealth makes up a considerable portion of household wealth: about 48% in the United States and 61% in Germany. The higher share in Germany narrows the wealth gap between the two countries: While average net worth in the United States (US$337,000 in 2013) is about 1.8 times higher than in Germany, augmented wealth (US$651,000) is only 1.4 times higher. Further, the inclusion of pension wealth in household wealth reduces the Gini coefficient from 0.892 to 0.701 in the United States and from 0.765 to 0.511 in Germany.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133011597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}