{"title":"Operational Limitations of Conventional Lifeboats Operating in Sea Ice","authors":"A. Kennedy, António Simões Ré, B. Veitch","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-103","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional lifeboats have not been designed to withstand ice impact loads. It is uncertain if these boats have the structural capacity to withstand a collision with either level or concentrated pack ice. The main objective of the research reported here is to determine the structural limitations of conventional lifeboats in order to help devise safe operating procedures for lifeboats in ice.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124279122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ARKTOS Evacuation Craft for Beaufort Sea Shear Zone Operation","authors":"T. A. Hall, B.H.J.W. Seligman","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-171","url":null,"abstract":"A major area of concern for any offshore oil development beyond the Beaufort Sea transition ice region, the Shear Zone, is Escape, Evacuation and Rescue (EER) capability, due to the extreme environmental conditions that will be encountered. In response to a Shell Offshore, Inc. (Shell) initiative, a conceptual design for a 75 person ARKTOS Amphibious Evacuation Craft has been developed for operation in this region. This paper describes recent advances in ARKTOS Craft technology and new conceptual design features that have been developed for recent and future ARKTOS Craft, including the Concept Shear Zone Craft.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116127165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Canadian Arctic Shipping and Emission Assessment","authors":"E. Radloff, B. Hrebenyk","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-101","url":null,"abstract":"The changing Arctic environment is a significant consideration in the forecast of future marine emissions stemming from the potential increase in natural resource extraction and inter-and intra-Arctic shipping. The Transport Development Centre (TDC) of Transport Canada has carried out a vessel emission inventory study for marine vessels operating in the Canadian Arctic. The inventory comprises a baseline assessment for the years 2002 to 2007 and forecasts to 2010, 2020, and 2050. The inventory utilizes a “bottom-up” vessel activity based approach consistent with current best practices and was completed using the marine emission inventory tool (MEIT). The forecasts were based on expected population growth, and economic activities in the Arctic. Also taken into consideration are the changes and projections for the Arctic environment, specifically when and to what extent the ice will recede allowing for increased vessel access to the Arctic.\u0000 The forecast shows that by 2050 a significant increase in Green-house gas (GHG) and emissions are expected to occur due to an increase in intra-Arctic shipping resource extraction and eco-tourism. This translates into a five-fold increase for both CO2 and NOx and significant increases in other criteria air contaminants (CAC) especially if large-scale gas production occurs in the western arctic region of Canada. The forecast also includes several scenarios such as the designation of the Arctic as an Emission Control Area (ECA) and the harmonization with EPA and IMO Marpol regulations for marine fuel and engine emission standards, which would have the potential to lower CAC emissions.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127027126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ARKTOS Amphibious Oil Spill Response Craft for Mixed Ice/Water Conditions","authors":"B.H.J.W. Seligman, T. A. Hall","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-175","url":null,"abstract":"A major area of concern for any offshore oil development in the Arctic is oil spill response not only due to the extreme environmental conditions, but most importantly because of the current lack of ability to efficiently clean-up an oil spill in this marine environment. This concern has obviously been exacerbated by the ongoing crisis in the Gulf of Mexico. To carry out oil spill operations in the Arctic can be equally as challenging as it is to operate a mile below the water surface as is the case in the Gulf of Mexico. This paper describes ways in which the ARKTOS Amphibious Craft could be employed to assist in oil spill clean-up in the Arctic.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123231112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie M. Power, J. Power, S. MacKinnon, António Simões Ré
{"title":"Effect of Simulator Training on Novice Operators’ Abilities to Navigate in Ice","authors":"Stephanie M. Power, J. Power, S. MacKinnon, António Simões Ré","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-143","url":null,"abstract":"Shipping and offshore industries are migrating towards operations in ice-covered waters as gateways to operating in Arctic environments. With this move, there is an increased need for equipment, procedures, and training to operate in cold, harsh environments. Currently, no training exists for lifeboat coxswains charged with navigating lifeboats in ice-covered water during emergency evacuation situations. This research study sets out to examine simulator training in comparison with traditional Standard Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) training to observe performance differences in a simulated ice field. These findings will inform manufacturers, trainers and regulators regarding the demands associated with lifeboat navigation in ice-covered waters.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124339934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Future possibilities for Trans-Arctic shipping","authors":"Robert Tustin, M. Niini","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-148","url":null,"abstract":"“Year-round Trans-Arctic marine transportation route between the North Atlantic and the North Pacific oceans could plausibly open in one or two decades …” has been reported in the conclusions of the AMSA (2009) study. A number of feasibility studies, and ship design concepts, are compared in the paper to highlight possibilities for future Trans-Arctic ships.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133568499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Traffic and Casualty Trends in Canadian Arctic Shipping","authors":"B. Judson","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-167","url":null,"abstract":"Significant research on Arctic sea ice trends and the potential for resource development have been well documented and illustrated as drivers for changes to Arctic shipping traffic patterns. There is a strong awareness of the potential risks to the environment such as an oil spill in ice as well as impacts on traditional human activity. Similarly, there is awareness that there will be a demand for increased navigation services such as aids to navigation, charting and emergency response capacity. However, many questions remain about what impact sea ice trends and resource development have had on shipping and accidents. To date, the Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment (AMSA) project has provided a snapshot of Arctic shipping traffic patterns and activity for the year 2004 and suggests a further research opportunity exists to conduct a trend analysis of shipping activity. The AMSA report suggests that “As marine activity continues to expand in the Arctic, statistical trends indicate that the potential risk of vessel mishaps and marine pollution incidents also increases” (Arctic Council, 2009). However, this is not necessarily the case where risks are managed. Accident trends in the Canadian Arctic suggest that safety management, vessel design and navigation experience have had positive impacts and one must look more closely at specific areas of operation, vessel types and activity to identify opportunities to improve risk management including both prevention and response. So the question remains “What can we learn from recent trends in vessel traffic and accident rates to better understand potential navigation impacts in the future?” Using the AMSA Shipping Database (Arctic Council, 2009) and a spatial trend analysis of Canadian Arctic shipping traffic and vessel accident rates covering the period 1987 to 2008, this paper will report on preliminary findings, show where accident rates are increasing and decreasing, provide traffic trends for each Shipping Safety Control Zone, help to dispel a few myths, and possibly confirm other rumours.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127195519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arctic Offshore Escape, Evacuation, and Rescue Standards and Guidelines","authors":"James P. Poplin, F. Bercha","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-108","url":null,"abstract":"Arctic Escape, Evacuation, and Rescue (EER) is receiving more attention with the current resurgence of interest in Arctic offshore hydrocarbon reserves, marine tourism and shortening marine transportation routes. Since 2000, Transport Canada supported the Arctic EER research project for which the second author’s company has been the lead contractor. The research conducted under this program resulted in the development of Canadian performance-based standards for offshore petroleum installations and a computer model capable of assessing the reliability and performance of EER processes. The ISO, under Working Group 8, developed a Final Draft International Standard addressing Arctic Offshore Structures which is expected to be published in late-2010. The Standard addresses design requirements and assessments for Arctic offshore structures used by the petroleum and natural gas industries worldwide to help ensure that appropriate reliability levels are achieved for manned and unmanned offshore structures, regardless of the type of structure. The EER provisions of the Standard are intended to promote the successful escape from the incident, subsequent evacuation from the installation (emergency or precautionary evacuation), and the ultimate rescue of installation personnel. The EER provisions are performance-based. The Standard specifies design requirements and also provides background to and guidance on the use of the document.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"39 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113962753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arctic and Northern Offshore Oil Spill Probabilities","authors":"F. Bercha","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-187","url":null,"abstract":"Current catastrophic consequences of the Gulf of Mexico blowout have refocused interest on the probabilities of such events in both temperate and northern regions. This paper reviews some of the early studies on oil spill probabilities with emphasis on oil blowouts, and details more recent studies carried out specifically for the Alaskan OCS. Due to the embryonic state of offshore oil development in arctic regions, which has been the case since 1976 to the present, it is not possible to base oil spill probability estimates on empirical data. The early studies relied on a detailed fault tree analysis dealing with the operations as systems without history. More recent studies in northern but not arctic operations use world wide data as a starting point. In the recent and current Alaskan OCS studies, statistically significant non-Arctic empirical data from the US Gulf of Mexico and world-wide sources, together with their variance, were used as a starting point. Next, both the historical non-Arctic frequency distributions and spill causal distributions were modified to reflect specific effects of the Arctic setting, and the resultant fault tree model was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation to adequately characterize uncertainties treated as probability distribution inputs to the fault tree.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127704255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal requirements for surviving a mass rescue incident in the Arctic: project update","authors":"R. Boileau, M. Ducharme, S. Cheung, L. Mak","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2010-154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-154","url":null,"abstract":"Passengers on cruise ships and aircraft traveling through the Arctic could expect to wait days for rescue, depending on weather and availability of large rescue craft. However, current standards do not specify thermal insulation for the equipment such as SOLAS* immersion suits or a Canadian Forces air-droppable survival kit that may be available to survivors. “MASSERT” is conducting a 3-year Transport Canada/SAR NIF-funded study to refine and validate long-term survival models and to recommend suitable thermal protection systems based on human experiments conducted in simulated arctic conditions in a lifeboat or air-droppable tent.","PeriodicalId":170517,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, September 23, 2010","volume":"76-77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129217258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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