{"title":"Fighting Racism Denial; Becoming a Mother-Scholar-Activist","authors":"Courtney M. Bonam","doi":"10.1111/josi.12626","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12626","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using autoethnography and a Critical Race Theory framework, I recount how I experienced racism denial in my son's school district during 2019–2020 (his kindergarten year). To build this counternarrative, I analyzed multiple data sources (e.g., field notes, personal journal entries, public documents) and, across three chapters, describe my interactions with key school district gatekeepers while advocating for racial equity-oriented school policies. These policies included: a school desegregation program (Chapter 1), a plan to incorporate critical race education into one school's curriculum (Chapter 2), and a district-level endorsement of critical race and ethnic studies K-12 curriculum in California schools (Chapter 3). In responding to this advocacy, the district professed surface-level support for racial equity, but I saw this form of support as racism denial merely masquerading as support for racial equity. I explain why I interpreted the district's responses in this way, and how I experienced these responses from my perspective as a mixed Black mother, scholar, and activist. I end by reflecting on how these experiences forced me to integrate my mother-scholar-activist identities in uncomfortable and productive ways, and with recommendations for how psychological researchers and K-12 schools can support racial equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"453-472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reflections on Psychological Critical Race Theory (PCRT) as a framework for disrupting racism in pursuit of social justice","authors":"James M. Jones","doi":"10.1111/josi.12629","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12629","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Psychological Critical Race Theory (PCRT) was introduced in 1998. PCRT illustrates the integral connection of psychological research and theory to the legal framework of Critical Race Theory (CRT). Five tenets of PCRT were described: (1) Spontaneous and persistent influence of race; (2) Fairness is derived from divergent racial experiences; (3) Asymmetrical consequences of racial policies; (4) Paradoxes of racial diversity; and (5) Racial identity requires a multidimensional approach. These tenets are reviewed and updated. A new set of seven PCRT principles are proposed that provide a broad framework within which to examine the PCRT concept and its role in reframing critical approaches to racial justice. Principle 1: Race and culture make each other up; Principle 2: Meaning Matters; Principle 3: Multilevel analysis is critical to unraveling Systemic Racism; Principle 4: Activism is a lever for social change; Principle 5: Power drives racial inequality; Principle 6: Storytelling disrupts status quo narratives; Principle 7: Diversity does not ameliorate systemic racism. PCRT is a 100-year enterprise of psychological science, offering a complex and comprehensive framework for understanding and ameliorating persistent racial inequality. The comprehensive network of ideas, methods, goals, and strategies can engage and guide this work for years to come.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"801-814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141524214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-Blackness and psychological stress: The application of critical race psychology and minority stress theory among Black communities","authors":"David L. Stamps","doi":"10.1111/josi.12625","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12625","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increased anti-Blackness, including interpersonal racist encounters and macro forms such as extrajudicial killings by the state, have demonstrated that Black communities and their psychological well-being are in a precarious position. Extant research has revealed that increased encounters with anti-Blackness are related to excessive psychological stress. However, the role of stigma awareness, its relationship to anti-Blackness and psychological stress, and our understanding of the relationship among subgroup identities (e.g., gender) remain underdeveloped. Appropriately, the current work adopted critical race psychology and minority stress theory and explored Black individuals’ (<i>N</i> = 410) experience with anti-Blackness, stigma awareness, and their relationship to psychological stress. Results demonstrated that experience with anti-Blackness was positively associated with increased physical, emotional, and cognitive stress; however, stigma awareness mediated only emotional stress. In addition, among the sample, Black men and Black individuals with increased education (e.g., received a college degree) reported increased levels of psychological stress compared to Black women and less educated Black individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"761-777"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aixa D. Marchand, Isis H. Settles, Shubhangi Kumari, Stephanie J. Rowley, Matthew A. Diemer
{"title":"Exploring Black parents’ critical consciousness in relation to their engagement with their children's schools","authors":"Aixa D. Marchand, Isis H. Settles, Shubhangi Kumari, Stephanie J. Rowley, Matthew A. Diemer","doi":"10.1111/josi.12624","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12624","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite consensus that parent involvement is integral to children's educational success, Black parents’ involvement remains largely characterized from a deficits-based perspective. Using critical race and critical consciousness theories, this study explored parents’ analysis of educational inequities and their school engagement. Using interview data from a sample of Black parents (<i>n</i> = 20), emergent understandings of parents’ thoughts, motivations, and actions to engage with their child's school were explored. Findings revealed that Black parents held both critical and traditional views, expressed themes of internal and external efficacy in their motivation, and engaged critically and traditionally in their child's education. Results are consonant with literature on Black parents’ engagement and to the nascent understanding of how parents' beliefs about structural racial oppression within schools impacts how they engage in that space.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"423-452"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josi.12624","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to “My mother did not have civil rights under the law”: Family derived race categories in negotiating positions on Critical Race Theory","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/josi.12623","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12623","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sambaraju, R. (2024). “My mother did not have civil rights under the law”: Family derived race categories in negotiating positions on Critical Race Theory. <i>Journal of Social Issues</i>, 80, 218–239. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12607</p><p>In the initial publication of this article, the extracts were missing. They have now been added to the article online. The page numbers in the PDF reflect the updated article length following issue publication, not the article's page numbers in the initial issue publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josi.12623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Confronting Racism-evasive Ignorance in Standard Pedagogy of Hegemonic Social Psychology","authors":"Glenn Adams, Syed Muhammad Omar","doi":"10.1111/josi.12618","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12618","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A core tenet of Critical Race Theory (CRT) is an understanding of systemic racism as a defining and constitutive feature of the Eurocentric modern order. In contrast to this foundational insight, discussions in hegemonic social psychology tend to approach racism in a manner—specifically, as prejudice and individual bias—that abstracts the topic from social and historical context. We consider this proposition via an analysis of standard textbooks for undergraduate courses in social psychology. Our review reveals that standard textbooks do not include racism, per se, as a topic of investigation; instead, they tend to consider racism-relevant topics as specific cases of supposedly more basic (and therefore more general) processes of cognition or affect. We conclude the article by drawing on textbooks from South African settings and perspectives of decolonial theory (i.e., examples of social psychologies <i>Other</i>-wise) as resources to re-think hegemonic social psychology in directions that resonate more clearly with a CRT emphasis on the systematicity of racism.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"607-628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josi.12618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael J. Perez, Grace N. Rivera, Jaren D. Crist, Jericka S. Battle
{"title":"A qualitative investigation of narratives of Black forgiveness through the lens of critical race theory","authors":"Michael J. Perez, Grace N. Rivera, Jaren D. Crist, Jericka S. Battle","doi":"10.1111/josi.12614","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12614","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Through a Critical Race Theory perspective, we investigated how racial ideology, in particular colorblind ideology, was present in Black forgiveness narratives for racial violence. We collected United States news articles from two high profile cases of Black forgiveness (<i>N</i> = 122), the shooting at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church and the killing of Botham Jean. We used a thematic analysis to address an overarching research question of: In what ways are these Black forgiveness narratives reflective of racial ideologies that may pressure or misrepresent Black forgiveness? Our results suggested that colorblind ideologies were present in representations of Black forgiveness. Colorblind representations of Black forgiveness ignored and diminished the racial context of the cases, reinforced false equivalencies through Christian messaging, perpetuated Black forgiveness as a palatable path to peace, and maintained a perception of White virtue and morality despite racial violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"531-556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141110413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Colorblindness and race dismissiveness: Discursive racism and the limits of multicultural competence","authors":"Wen Liu, Tamara R. Buckley, Erica Gabrielle Foldy","doi":"10.1111/josi.12617","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This qualitative study integrates critical race theory to examine the practice of multicultural competence and the mechanism of discursive racism in the context of child welfare workers. We troubled the dominant paradigm of multicultural competence taken up by practitioners, and deployed discourse analysis on racial dialogue in a real-life setting to highlight how the multicultural competence approach risks becoming a form of colorblind racism that diminish the importance of structure racial power which we call race dismissiveness. In our findings we identified four distinct patterns of race dismissiveness that the practitioners adopted to deflect racial dialogue: race identity fetishism, racial peripheralization, racial erasure, and racial externalization. We argue that the separation between semantic expressions of multicultural beliefs and enacted racial practices needs to be conceptualized as a part of the discursive enactment of colorblind racism that functions to keep structural racism intact through everyday practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"629-650"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141124282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan Parigoris, Alissa Hochman, Sarah Hayes-Skelton, Karen L. Suyemoto
{"title":"Addressing the White problem critically: A latent profile analysis of racial attitudes","authors":"Ryan Parigoris, Alissa Hochman, Sarah Hayes-Skelton, Karen L. Suyemoto","doi":"10.1111/josi.12616","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12616","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Advancing racial justice requires changes in White people's critical consciousness, including understanding the historical, material, and cultural conditions that have given rise to and maintain racism and White supremacy on individual, interpersonal, and systemic levels. To effect such changes, we need to better understand White people's current racial attitudes and their relation to anti-racist action. Consistent with the QuantCrit framework, this study explored White Americans’ (<i>N</i> = 531; mean age = 34.4; 60.8% female) racial attitudes using Latent Profile Analysis with indicators selected from measures categorized within four themes: empathic connection in cross-racial relationships, affective awareness of white privilege, blatant colorblind racial attitudes, and structural awareness. LPA resulted in four profiles based on patterns in participant responses to indicator items: Uncritical, Ambivalent, Incongruous, and Critical racial attitudes. Analyses of demographic differences between profile members indicated that participants with higher levels of critical racial consciousness were more likely to be women, trans, or non-heterosexual, and have more friendships with People of Color. Members of profiles with higher levels of critical reflection also had significantly higher scores on racial justice action outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"670-698"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josi.12616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saskias Casanova, Valeria Alonso Blanco, Sara Radoff, Francia Cruz Silva
{"title":"Cultivating the transfer landscape: Using a CRT framework to examine transfer receptivity at a Hispanic Serving Research Institution","authors":"Saskias Casanova, Valeria Alonso Blanco, Sara Radoff, Francia Cruz Silva","doi":"10.1111/josi.12615","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josi.12615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When students of color transfer to Hispanic Serving Research Institutions (HSRI), they experience institutional barriers and stigmatization. Through 268 HSRI transfer students of color (TSOC) surveys and 12 interviews from four focus groups, we examined the role of stigmatization, campus relationships, and cultural strengths on TSOC's sense of belonging. Quantitative results showed greater stigmatization was associated with a lower sense of belonging, while stronger faculty and peer relationships and greater navigational and aspirational capital positively predicted a greater sense of belonging. Faculty and peer relationships mitigated the negative effects of stigmatization on sense of belonging. Qualitative results capture the intersectional marginalities experienced by our participants and how transfer receptivity was shaped by the prejudiced assumptions others have of TSOC, isolating white spaces, and a lack of transfer-specific resources. We highlight the importance of campus relationships and students’ cultural strengths in navigating the transfer landscape and make institutional recommendations to cultivate transfer receptivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Issues","volume":"80 2","pages":"699-739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josi.12615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141124028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}