The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State最新文献_第3页

Macroeconomic Outcomes 宏观经济结果

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.42

Isabela Mares, Christopher Pierson

引用次数: 3

European and National Social Policy 欧洲和国家社会政策

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.23

Manfred G . Schmidt

引用次数: 0

Families, States, and Markets 家庭、国家和市场

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.12

M. Daly

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引用次数: 1

Disability 残疾

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.32

M. Priestley

{"title":"Disability","authors":"M. Priestley","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.32","url":null,"abstract":"Disability presents a key challenge for modern welfare states. It has been a core policy concern throughout their evolution, but the concept of disability, and what it means for public policy, has changed radically in the past half-century. Disability is now widely understood, from a social model perspective, as an issue of social inclusion and social justice. It is also framed by increasingly coherent international human rights frameworks. The chapter reviews changing ideas about disability, and changing policy responses to it, from the early origins of the welfare state to the contemporary global governance of human rights. It examines approaches to disability policy in terms of cash and in-kind entitlements, employment-focused policies, and broader rights-based approaches. Disability is a flexible administrative category that has been deployed selectively to control of labour supply and welfare entitlement. Reframing national disability policies within a global discourse of social rights has been an important development, but rights-based legislation alone is unlikely to resolve its structural basis in capitalist markets and there is still little evidence of marked improvement in aggregate social outcomes for disabled people.","PeriodicalId":169986,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State","volume":"34 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132678169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Education 教育

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.39

Marius R. Busemeyer, Rita Nikolai

{"title":"Education","authors":"Marius R. Busemeyer, Rita Nikolai","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.39","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the political and institutional connections between education and other parts of the welfare state is an expanding field of scholarship. The chapter starts by discussing the complex relationship between education and socio-economic inequality from a comparative and historical perspective. Discussing the variety of education regimes with a focus on OECD countries, the chapter goes on to highlight differences in the relative importance of education as part of more encompassing welfare state regimes. Furthermore, the chapter identifies different education regimes characterized by features such as levels of spending, the distribution between public and private education spending, the importance of vocational relative to academic education, and institutional stratification in secondary education. These education regimes correspond to a significant extent with established welfare state regime typologies. The final section of the chapter discusses factors that might explain the emergence of distinct and different educational regimes, such as historical legacies, religious heritage, and the balance of power between organized interests and political parties, as well as political institutions.","PeriodicalId":169986,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131006231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Regulation of Employment 就业规管

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.35

P. Emmenegger, P. Marx

引用次数: 0

Work Accident and Sickness Benefits 工伤和疾病津贴

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2010-07-15 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199579396.003.0027

O. Kangas

引用次数: 6

Inequality and Poverty 不平等与贫困

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2010-07-15 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199579396.003.0036

P. Saunders

{"title":"Inequality and Poverty","authors":"P. Saunders","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199579396.003.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199579396.003.0036","url":null,"abstract":"A key goal of any welfare state is to promote social justice by tackling inequality and poverty. This chapter reviews some of the ideas and evidence that have informed the debate about the causes of differences in inequality and poverty, including alternative interpretations of the meaning of both as policy objectives and how each can be measured. Although the two concepts are often related, they are conceptually distinct: inequality captures differences in economic outcomes, while poverty covers those with inadequate economic resources. Estimating the impact of policy on either variable is difficult because of the many other factors involved. Examining cross-country differences provides an insight into the impacts of different policies introduced in otherwise broadly similar countries. These studies have shown that transfers and taxes reduce inequality and poverty, and also that those countries that spend more on social programmes have less inequality and lower poverty rates, but the relationship is weak and there are many exceptions. While considerable progress has been made in understanding the role of the welfare state in accounting for these differences, we are a long way from fully understanding the many complex interactions that are the drivers of inequality and poverty.","PeriodicalId":169986,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133067872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Social Rights of Citizenship 公民的社会权利

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2010-07-15 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199579396.003.0035

J. Stephens

{"title":"The Social Rights of Citizenship","authors":"J. Stephens","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199579396.003.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199579396.003.0035","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews the welfare state literature which conceives of welfare state entitlements as ‘social rights of citizenship’, following the conceptualization of T. H. Marshall in his 1950 essay on citizenship. Beginning with Marshall’s influential essay, the first section of the chapter discusses how social rights of citizenship have been defined in the literature on comparative welfare states. Marshall argues that the defining feature of the social rights of citizenship is that they entail a claim for public transfers, goods, and services ‘which is not proportionate to the market value of the claimant’. Early quantitative studies of welfare state development measured welfare state effort with social expenditure, which was seen as a proxy for the variables of real interest, social rights, or welfare state redistribution. In the 1980s, ambitious efforts to measure social rights through time and across countries were initiated, though these measures did not find their way into the public domain until after 2000. These measures focus on rights to welfare state transfers and thus neglect services. The chapter ends with reviews of the literature on the causes of variations in social rights across countries and through time and on the outcomes of variations in social rights.","PeriodicalId":169986,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128537534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Family Benefits and Services 家庭福利及服务

The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State Pub Date : 2010-07-15 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199579396.003.0032

J. Bradshaw, N. Finch

引用次数: 5