Journal of Seismology最新文献

{"title":"Acknowledgement of Reviewers for 2024","authors":"Mariano García‑Fernández, Angela Saraò","doi":"10.1007/s10950-025-10283-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-025-10283-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthquakes and seismic hazard for Norway and Svalbard","authors":"Conrad Lindholm,&nbsp;Hilmar Bungum,&nbsp;Federica Ghione,&nbsp;Abdelghani Meslem,&nbsp;Chen Huang,&nbsp;Volker Oye","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10270-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10270-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We document a complete seismic hazard study for mainland Norway and the Svalbard archipelago. The study is based on a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) method, and for the first time a new earthquake catalogue is presented publicly that covers Norway, Svalbard and the adjacent offshore regions. The catalogue is developed from an extensive analysis of historical earthquakes combined with more recent instrumental data with 33,864 reports between 1497 through 2018, and with magnitudes up to Mw 6.7. With this catalogue seismic hazard is computed for 10% exceedance in 475 years through a logic tree computation with 12 branches: two area-zonations, one zonation free branch and four GMPEs. These 12 branches were defined with the aim to reduce the model bias, i.e., to centre the model, and to capture the epistemic uncertainty of the results. While the conventional Vs30 reference velocity is usually around 800 m/s we have targeted a reference velocity of 1200 m/s, based on extensive documentation of Norwegian rock velocities. This has significant bearing on the calculated hazard and provides for results that better reflect the bedrock conditions in Norway. As a result of this, the predicted shaking intensities are lower than the values previously reported in the (1998) national building code. In the Supplementary Information we have provided a brief overview of the seismotectonic setting, some tests that further demonstrate the uncertainty in our hazard estimates, a model for H/V ground-motion response spectra, examples of the sensitivity to the bedrock reference velocity and a comparison between the present study and the ESHM20 results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"107 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10950-024-10270-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of PGV and response spectra on human walking states in simulated earthquake scenarios","authors":"Li Tiefei,&nbsp;Chi Mingjie,&nbsp;Chen Xueliang,&nbsp;Liu Xinyu,&nbsp;Li Zongchao,&nbsp;Ji Zhiwei,&nbsp;Chu Jian","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10276-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10276-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scenario-based disaster prevention, preparedness, and response are developing trends in contingency management. Human walking states in simulated scenarios are studied in this work on the Intelligent Seismic Scenario Experience vibration table. The vibration table adopts a comprehensive method that considers the seismic characteristics, building structure, and dynamic performance of the equipment to ensure the real experience of the human body in earthquake scenarios. The equipment can conduct a full chain of earthquake scenario simulation: based on source physical processes, seismic wave propagation paths, site conditions, and building structures. Seismic scenarios of different sources, site conditions, floors, and response spectra are used to study human perception and reactions during walking. The experimental results are consistent with the description of human action at the current intensity scales of China, Europe, the USA, and Japan. Research shows that the PGV has a significant correlation with the impact of ground motion on human walking and can be used as a key indicator to determine the intensity. However, the correlation between the PGA and the impact on human walking is not strong. The predominant period of the response spectrum is also a key factor affecting human walking states in earthquake scenarios. Vibrations with periods between 0.5 s and 1.9 s have the greatest impact on the walking state, which is usually caused by high-rise buildings and deep soil sites and needs special attention. Moreover, horizontal vibrations dominate impacts on human walking in earthquake scenarios where the PGA ≤ 300 Gal. The results of this experiment can be applied to the study of the relationships between the macroscopic intensity and instrument intensity, the preparation of earthquake intensity scales, guidance on earthquake emergency avoidance actions, and the popularization of earthquake science.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"171 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prediction equation for the significant duration of strong motion in the Sichuan-Yunnan region of China","authors":"Ping Liu,&nbsp;Qingsong Yang,&nbsp;Tao Ma,&nbsp;Tiantian Hui,&nbsp;Jinyue Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10273-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10273-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The significant duration is a crucial intensity measure for earthquake-resistant design and seismic hazard assessment (SHA). The Sichuan-Yunnan region is characterized by a high level of seismic activity and possesses the most concentrated network of seismic stations in China. The ground motion prediction equation (GMPE) is the predominant approach to estimating significant durations. The existing prediction equations for the significant duration are not well-suited for the Sichuan-Yunnan region. This study used data from the National Strong Motion Observation Network System (NSMONS) of China in this region to develop prediction equations for significant durations of <i>D</i>_S5-75 and <i>D</i>_S5-95. The equations took into account variables including moment magnitude (<i>M</i>_w), fault distance (<i>R</i>_rup), average shear wave velocity of 30 m on the soil profile (<i>V</i>_S30), and depth to the top of the rupture (<i>Z</i>_tor). Our database has a singular instance of the Wenchuan earthquake with <i>M</i>_w &gt; 7. The restricted data complicates the calibration of our model for events with <i>M</i>_w &gt; 7. Therefore, we suggest the equations be valid in the Sichuan-Yunnan region for <i>M</i>_w between 4.2 and 7.0, <i>R</i>_rup from 0 to 300 km, and <i>V</i>_S30 values ranging from 139 to 900 m/s.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"199 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of soil amplification and damage in Centro, Tabasco, southern México due to distant large earthquakes","authors":"Carmen Maricela Gómez-Arredondo,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Montalvo-Arrieta,&nbsp;Adalberto Rodríguez-Vázquez,&nbsp;Daniel Andrés Damas-López,&nbsp;Guillermo Chávez-Hernández","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10272-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10272-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There are only a few worldwide cases where distant earthquakes have caused damage. One such example is the municipality of Centro located in Tabasco, Southeast Mexico, approximately 360 km from the Mesoamerican trench, where a strong ground shaking was felt during the <i>M</i>_w8.2 earthquake of September 08, 2017. In this study, for 20 sites shear-wave velocity profiles were determined using Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave and <i>V</i>_P profiles using Seismic Refraction techniques. Also <i>V</i>_<i>S30</i> (shear-wave velocity up to a depth of 30 m) values were obtained for the same sites. The distribution of the <i>V</i>_<i>S30</i> values in the study area varied from 120 m/s to 570 m/s and it was observed that sites where damage to buildings were reported lie near areas with <i>V</i>_<i>S30</i> &lt; 270 m/s. Additionally, the transfer functions of the 20 sites were estimated using the Thomson-Haskell method. The fundamental frequencies (<i>f</i>₀) obtained through transfer functions had values varying from 0.9 ≤ <i>f</i>_<i>0</i> ≤ 2.0 Hz. These transfer functions were convolved with the signal that represents the record in the bottom of the soil column in the study area to obtain synthetic accelerograms in the municipality of Centro. The only accelerograph station located in the study area (VHSA station) was used as a reference site. The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio of the VHSA location was used for site characterization to assess the effects of regional events. The study concludes that several factors contribute to the susceptibility of Centro municipality to distant seismic events. These factors include low shear-wave velocity (<i>V</i>_<i>s</i>), low fundamental frequency (<i>f</i>_<i>0</i>), local site conditions, the presence of buildings on former lake zones, low seismic wave attenuation, and the regions’ overall vulnerability to regional earthquakes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"65 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating site amplifications of the longmenshan region through inversions of the aftershock data","authors":"Yuzhu Bai","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10271-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10271-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Considering 1173 recordings of 35 stations from 67 aftershocks of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan <i>M</i>_w (moment magnitude) 7.9 earthquake, we investigate site amplifications and their variations in the Longmenshan region. Site responses of 35 stations are analyzed using the coda-wave and S-wave methods. For these methods, the site amplifications are computed using a generalized inversion method. Generally, the calculated site amplifications from coda-wave and S-wave inversions are not very large, which is probably resulted from the special geology conditions in the Longmenshan region and most peak ground acceleration values of recordings less than 0.1 g. Because coda-wave amplitudes attenuate slowly along the propagation path, the site amplifications computed through the coda-wave inversion are relatively larger than those through the S-wave inversion. The comparison of the intraevent and interevent residuals of the coda-wave inversion with those of S-wave inversion demonstrates that the coda-wave inversion is more reasonable to calculate the site amplifications of the Longmenshan region. Moreover, for the Longmenshan region, the averaged site amplifications of the young geology sediments are not considerably different from those of the old geology rocks in some frequencies. If the sites of stations are classified by the National Earthquake Hazard Risk Reduction Program (NEHRP) site classifications, the averaged site coefficients of the Longmenshan region are usually smaller than the corresponding NEHRP site coefficients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"47 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive model for peak ground velocity using long short-term memory networks","authors":"Dongwang Tao,&nbsp;Haifeng Zhang,&nbsp;Shanyou Li,&nbsp;Jianqi Lu,&nbsp;Zhinan Xie,&nbsp;Qiang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10268-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10268-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Peak ground velocity (PGV) is a crucial ground motion parameter correlating with earthquake damage. How to quickly predict PGV at a target site is a core issue of earthquake early warning (EEW) system. By using the embedded characteristics in ground motion sequence, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks-based onsite PGV prediction model (LSTM-PGV) is proposed in this paper. The LSTM-PGV model consists of three layer of LSTM and one fully connected layer, and the inputs are sequence features of energy-related, amplitude-related, period-related and distance-related P-wave parameters. The performance of the LSTM model on training, validation and test datasets indicates that the model has good generalization capability, and the predicted PGV and observed PGV can meet the 1:1 relationship in general. Compared with Pd-PGV model, a logarithmic linear regression model where Pd is the peak vertical displacement of the first 3 s P-waves, and LSTM-Pd-PGV model, a LSTM-based model with Pd as the sole input sequency feature where Pd is the maximum vertical displacement continuously changing over time, the proposed model predicts PGV more accurately and stably. Furthermore, the issue of underestimation of PGV for larger earthquakes is alleviated in LSTM-PGV model by using longer length of sequence input. The LSTM model is tested with one off-shore earthquake and one inland earthquake in Japan. The results show that the standard deviation of prediction residual goes from 0.417 at sequence length of 3 s to 0.309 at sequence length of 10 s for the off-shore event, and for the inland event the standard deviation decreases from 0.357 to 0.267 at corresponding sequence length. The prediction timeliness measured by lead time, defined as the time interval between the moment when the observed PGV reaches 17.3 cm/s and the moment when the predicted PGV reaches the same threshold, is also discussed for different magnitudes and hypocentral distances. We believe the proposed LSTM model has promising potential in onsite EEW system for providing accurate and timely PGV prediction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"221 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning based earthquake and vehicle detection algorithm","authors":"Deniz Ertuncay,&nbsp;Andrea de Lorenzo,&nbsp;Giovanni Costa","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10267-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10267-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seismic recorders register vibrations from all possible sources. Even though the purpose of the seismic instrument is, usually, to record ground motions coming from tectonic sources, other sources such as vehicles can be recorded. In this study, a machine learning model is developed by using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to separate three different classes which are earthquakes, vehicles, and other noises. To do that vehicle signals from various accelerometric stations from Italy are visually detected. Together with the vehicle signals noise and earthquake information coming from Italy are used. Inputs of the database are 10 s long seismic traces along with their frequency content from three channels of the seismic recorder. CNN model has an accuracy rate of more than 99 % for all classes. To understand the capabilities of the model, seismic traces with vehicles and earthquakes are given as input to the model which the model successfully separates different classes. In the case of the superposition of an earthquake and a vehicle, the model prediction is in favor of the earthquake. Moreover, earthquake signals from various databases are predicted with more than 90 % accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"269 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10950-024-10267-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ground motion prediction model for significant duration of horizontal component based on the K-NET database","authors":"Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Ruyu Cui,&nbsp;Hao Huang,&nbsp;Ming Zhao,&nbsp;Jingyang Tan","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10265-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10265-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The duration of strong ground motion has a significant impact on the nonlinear seismic behavior of engineering systems. This article presents a prediction model for the significant duration of horizontal ground motion as a function of magnitude, hypocenter distance, and site condition. Based on 7111 records of shallow crustal earthquakes from the K-NET Database, the model functional forms for each term (magnitude, distance, and site condition) are selected carefully to improve the model adaptability to data, and an additional constraint is applied to prevent overfitting of magnitude dependency at near-fields for large earthquakes. Compared to other models, the proposed model demonstrates a weaker dependency of significant duration on magnitude at near fields, especially for large earthquakes. The significant duration decreases with increasing <i>V</i>_<i>s</i>30 at soft sites but at hard sites with <i>V</i>_<i>s30</i> exceeding 300 m/s or so, the significant duration is independent of <i>V</i>_<i>s</i>30.</p>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"187 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic hazard mapping for peak ground velocity: microzonation of Novi Sad, Serbia—a case study in a low-seismicity region exposed to large and distant earthquakes","authors":"V. W. Lee,&nbsp;M. D. Trifunac,&nbsp;B. Đ. Bulajić","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10259-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10259-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We introduce a new form of probabilistic seismic microzonation maps in terms of <span>({V}_{text{max}})</span> peak velocity of strong earthquake ground motion and illustrate the method for the city of Novi Sad in Serbia. The maps we introduce avoid the limitations of hazard maps drawn solely on peak ground acceleration, which are physically limited to one-parameter scaling The new method complements seismic hazard maps based on Uniform Hazard Spectra (UHS) by directly scaling several characteristics of strong motion that cannot be physically related to spectral amplitudes or to peak accelerations. We demonstrate how the new maps can be used to evaluate strains near ground surface during strong ground motion, as well as areas where buildings can be damaged during future strong ground motion. The new microzonation maps of <span>({V}_{text{max}})</span>, together with probabilistic estimates of relative displacement (SD) spectra, can be used to derive estimates of pseudo-static forces in ground-level columns of long structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"29 1","pages":"85 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}