Journal of Seismology最新文献

{"title":"Spatial and temporal variation of seismic b-values across the West Tehran","authors":"Mehrzad Azizi,&nbsp;Hamid Saffari","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10196-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10196-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Until now, numerous efforts have been made to find earthquake precursors. One of the factors that can predict the occurrence of future earthquakes is a decrease in the <i>b-value</i> parameter. In this study, for the metropolis of Tehran, with a population of over 8 million, located on or near many active faults, it is estimated that if the maximum seismic potential of these faults happened again, the greatest disaster in human history would occur. In this case, the analyses indicate a minimum of several hundred thousand casualties and sometimes more than a million. In the current study, various faults around Tehran were investigated, and given that the faults on Tehran have not had serious seismic activity for over a thousand years, this article focused exclusively on adjacent faults, particularly the Eshtehard faults. Therefore, in the current study, the seismicity and tectonics of western Tehran were investigated by analyzing seismic parameters using earthquake data collected from 2003 to 2023. In general, the investigation of the temporal changes in the study area showed that the <i>b-value</i> decreased before the December 20, 2017, earthquake and an increasing trend afterward. Observing anomalies in the <i>b-value</i> before and after the main movement in the area shows that changes in this parameter can be considered a precursor for estimating the time and location of earthquakes. Therefore, a useful step can be taken toward knowing the local seismic hazards by using earthquake data recorded by seismic networks and continuously monitoring the changes in the <i>b-value</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 2","pages":"477 - 489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139751616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regionally adjusted stochastic earthquake ground motion models, associated variabilities and epistemic uncertainties","authors":"Jaleena Sunny,&nbsp;Marco de Angelis,&nbsp;Benjamin Edwards","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10195-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10195-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An optimisation-based calibration technique, using the area metric, is applied to determine the input parameters of a stochastic earthquake-waveform simulation method. The calibration algorithm updates a model prior, specifically an estimate of a region’s seismological (source, path and site) parameters, typically developed using waveform data, or existing models, from a wide range of sources. In the absence of calibration, this can result in overestimates of a target region’s ground motion variability, and in some cases, introduce biases. The proposed method simultaneously attains optimum estimates of median, range and distribution (uncertainty) of these seismological parameters, and resultant ground motions, for a specific target region, through calibration of physically constrained parametric models to local ground motion data. We apply the method to Italy, a region of moderate seismicity, using response spectra recorded in the European Strong Motion (ESM) dataset. As a prior, we utilise independent seismological models developed using strong motion data across a wider European context. The calibration obtains values of each seismological parameter considered (such as, but not limited to, quality factor, geometrical spreading and stress drop), to develop a suite of optimal parameters for locally adjusted stochastic ground motion simulation. We consider both the epistemic and aleatory variability associated with the calibration process. We were able to reduce the area metric (misfit) value by up to 88% for the simulations using updated parameters, compared to the initial prior. This framework for the calibration and updating of seismological models can help achieve robust and transparent regionally adjusted estimates of ground motion, and to consider epistemic uncertainty through correlated parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 2","pages":"303 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10950-024-10195-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139751727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techniques to identify microtremor wave contributions and impact to seismic site characterization","authors":"Hema Sharma,&nbsp;Sheri Molnar,&nbsp;Aamna Sirohey","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10189-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10189-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate whether varying wavefield contributions are the likely cause to variation in microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (<i>MHVSR</i>) amplification shape between six sites in the relatively homogeneous geologic setting of Windsor, Ontario. We quantify the <i>MHVSR</i> shape in terms of peak broadness and its fitness using mathematical functions to identify potential wave type contributions. We develop a technique that uses particle motion plots of cross-correlated microtremor recordings to establish the dominant wave types contributing to the microtremor wavefield within three important frequency bandwidths (below, spanning, and above the fundamental peak frequency). We investigate the variability in the inverted shear-wave velocity (<i>V</i>_S) depth profile by performing 21 <i>MHVSR</i> inversions with varying Rayleigh, Love, and body wave contributions. The impact to seismic site characterization is that the depth and <i>V</i>_S of the resonator (half-space) layer are overestimated consistently by an average of 28% compared to the often-default-assumed Rayleigh ellipticity forward amplification model. Our study demonstrates the importance of correctly identifying wave type contributions of the microtremor wavefield for the proper estimation of <i>V</i>_S depth profiles, especially to obtain correct thickness of the sediment layer and resonator <i>V</i>_S and thereby the average <i>V</i>_S of the upper 30 m (<i>V</i>_S30).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 2","pages":"345 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139751608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial variation of crustal seismic velocity and Poisson’s ratio in the Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea area: Implication for seismotectonics","authors":"Yicheng He,&nbsp;Fajun Miao,&nbsp;Jiangrong Zheng,&nbsp;Qiguang Zhao,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Feng Zhu,&nbsp;Jinyan Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoping Fan","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10192-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10192-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea area is located on the East Asian Continental Margin and at the junction of South and North China. It is one of the high seismicity areas in eastern China. To enhance our understanding of the relationship between disastrous earthquakes and the geophysical properties of Earth materials, P- and S-wave travel-time data over the past 20 years are inverted to image the 3D distributions of seismic velocity (<i>V</i>_<i>P</i> and <i>V</i>_<i>s</i>) and Poisson’s ratio (<i>σ</i>). The results show that the velocity and Poisson’s ratio demonstrate congruence with the prominent geological formations present within the study area. Specifically, the velocity models for the upper crust at depths of 5, 10, and 15 km. We found that within the total study area, 70% ± 7.2% of M5+ earthquakes that occurred during the past decades initiated in the <i>V</i>_<i>P</i> tomographic edge zones (TEZ). Moreover, the distribution patterns of M5+ earthquakes in the offshore sea region exhibit significant differences when compared to those in the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt. In the offshore sea region, about 66.7% ± 8% of M5+ earthquakes initiated in the velocity and Poisson’s ratio TEZ. The presence of comparatively low <i>V</i>_<i>s</i> and high Poisson’s ratio anomalies in the Wunansha Uplift suggest the potential existence of fluids. The triggering mechanism for these earthquakes can likely be ascribed to the presence of hydrothermal fluids and the reactivation of preexisting strike-slip faults, influenced by the subduction of the Pacific and Philippine Sea Plates, as well as the collision between the India and Eurasia Plates. In contrast, within the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt, M5+ earthquakes predominantly initiated in the high-velocity and low Poisson’s ratio perturbation zones. The primary factor contributing to seismotectonic features disparities are likely the variation in fluid content. We infer the rock matrix in the vicinity of the source region of the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt is presumed to be drier, more brittle, and possess greater mechanical strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 2","pages":"535 - 553"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139689792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near-source, along-path, and near-site contributions to the spectral parameter kappa from earthquakes located in the central Gulf of California, Mexico","authors":"Juan Manuel Azua,&nbsp;Raul Ramon Castro,&nbsp;Hector Gonzalez-Huizar","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10190-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10190-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Near-source <span>({kappa }_{s})</span>, along-path <span>(widetilde{kappa })</span>, and near-site <span>({kappa }_{0})</span> contributions to the spectral parameter kappa (<span>(kappa)</span>) were studied from earthquakes located along the Canal de Ballenas-Guaymas fault system and recorded by stations sited around the central-north Gulf of California, Mexico. The dataset consists of 26 earthquakes (M 3.4-6.0) recorded by six stations with hypocentral distances ranging from 31 to 270 km. We used the Anderson and Hough (1984) approach to estimate <span>(kappa)</span>, followed by a one-step least-squares inversion to separate <span>(kappa)</span> contributions. We found that <span>(kappa)</span> has a range of 0.0260 to 0.1012 s, with a mean of 0.0600 <span>(pm)</span> 0.0170 s, while <span>({kappa }_{s})</span> and <span>({kappa }_{0})</span> exhibit means of 0.0088 <span>(pm)</span> 0.0059 s and 0.0200 <span>(pm)</span> 0.0205 s, respectively. We also observed significant inter-event <span>({kappa }_{s})</span> and inter-station <span>({kappa }_{0})</span> variabilities. The <span>(dwidetilde{kappa }/dr)</span> regional average is 0.00023 <span>(pm)</span> 0.00001 s, equivalent to a regional quality factor of 1242 <span>(pm)</span> 54 for an S-wave velocity of 3.5 km/s. Furthermore, our results suggest that <span>(dwidetilde{kappa }/dr)</span> tends to decrease with distance. We demonstrate that a well-designed least-squares inversion scheme can effectively address the limitations associated with estimating <span>({kappa }_{0})</span> using the Anderson and Hough approach in situations where recordings per station have a narrow distance range and where no recordings at small source-site distances are available for most stations. We found no correlation of <span>({kappa }_{s})</span> with earthquake magnitude. Instead, relatively higher <span>({kappa }_{s})</span> values tend to cluster along the ridge flanks of the Canal de Ballenas Basin, where hydrothermal fluid circulation is expected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 1","pages":"133 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139647205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting microseismic sensitive feature data using variational mode decomposition and transformer","authors":"Xingli Zhang,&nbsp;Duanduan Hou,&nbsp;Qian Mao,&nbsp;Zhihui Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10193-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10193-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rock burst is one of the major disasters that endanger coal safety production. If a rock burst occurs, it will cause terrible casualties and significant property losses. Therefore, this article proposes to predict the sensitive characteristics of microseisms, which can achieve the prediction and early warning of rock burst disasters to a certain extent. To effectively improve the prediction accuracy and robustness of microseismic sensitive feature data, a hybrid model called VMD-Transformer is suggested in this study for predicting time series of microseismic sensitive features. This model is based on the variational mode decomposition (VMD) and transformer model and aims to predict future eigenvalue from the historical data of sensitive features. To a certain extent, the transformer model is used to predict the future eigenvalue, while the VMD is used to extract the features of the time series data at various frequency domain scales, which solves the problem of non-stationary time series data being difficult to predict accurately due to high fluctuations. This study extracts sensitive features from microseismic events that the same source registered by a certain geophone after locating, decomposes the time series of the sensitive features using VMD, predicts each component of the decomposition separately using the transformer model, and then combines the component prediction results to produce the final prediction results. Experimental results indicate that our method has the features of a simple algorithm, strong adaptivity, and high prediction accuracy and can effectively predict time series of sensitive features extracted from microseismic signals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 1","pages":"229 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139647319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of ground motion characteristics and near-fault effects for the September 5, 2022, MS6.8 Luding earthquake","authors":"Dexin Lin,&nbsp;Qiang Ma,&nbsp;Quancai Xie,&nbsp;Junjie Zhang,&nbsp;Dongwang Tao","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10194-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10194-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using the three component acceleration records of the National Strong Motion Observation Network System (NSMONS) and the National Seismic Intensity Rapid Reporting and Earthquake Early Warning Network, the ground motion attenuation characteristics, spatial distribution, source rupture direction, and near-fault pulse characteristics of the Luding <i>M</i>_S6.8 earthquake were analyzed. Comparing the observed values of peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA), and 90% significant duration (SD) with several typical ground motion prediction equations (GMPE), it was found that the ground motion attenuation characteristics of this earthquake are consistent with GMPE for the southwest region, but overall lower than the global model average level. In the comparison of between-event residuals, this earthquake exhibits different characteristics from the same magnitude thrust type earthquake. The within-event residuals reflect that the anelastic attenuation in the Luding region is slightly weaker than that in the Menyuan region. In terms of spatial distribution of ground motion parameters, the PGV and PSA with a period of 1.0 to 8.0 s have significantly higher intensity in the southeast direction of the epicenter than in other directions. Based on PGV, it is speculated that the source rupture direction of the earthquake was 151°, which is close to the fault strike of 163°. Pulse-like ground motions were identified in up to 12 sets of near-fault records with pulse periods significantly lower than historical earthquakes of similar magnitudes. Stations with pulse peak values greater than 40 cm·s⁻¹ in the pulse dominant direction of the velocity time history all appeared in the narrow band area ahead of the rupture direction. The distribution area of near-fault pulses is highly correlated with the distribution of high macroseismic intensity areas and landslide areas, and it is necessary to pay attention to the impact of near-fault pulses in seismic fortification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 1","pages":"169 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139647342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of velocity pulse-like ground motions using spatial rotation technique","authors":"Quanbo Luo,&nbsp;Feng Dai,&nbsp;Ruochen Jiang,&nbsp;Weijin Xu,&nbsp;Gang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10950-024-10191-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-024-10191-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Strong pulse-like ground motions excited by a causative fault with a rupture propagation close to the shear wave velocity can induce significant earthquake hazards. The single original and horizontal rotation components of pulse-like ground motion were mainly considered in the last years, especially the generation mechanism of velocity pulse and its influence on engineering structures. Conversely, less attention is paid to the vertical component in such seismic events, so that the identification of pulses in arbitrary direction of space from multi-component motion is neglected. Furthermore, although extensive seismic record data have been obtained with the improvement of observation equipment and analysis technology, there are still few strong motion records carrying velocity pulse waveform. In order to obtain more pulse records and expand the range of pulse identification within limited strong motion data, we describe a spatial rotation technique to determine the velocity pulse in arbitrary direction from the three orthogonal components of ground motion. In this paper, the strong ground motions of 46 seismic events are processed, and the strongest velocity pulse is identified and extracted based on continuous wavelet transform. The extracted time history of the long-period velocity pulse is well matched with the rotated seismic record. To better represent the seismic hazard, we quantify the spatial pulse and spectral parameters that characterize pulse-like ground motion. The results indicate that velocity pulse-like motion exhibits marked systematic distribution characteristics, the spatially rotated component of ground motion is significantly larger than the strongest original and horizontal records, and the spatial orientation of velocity pulse is affected by various geological factors. This study supplements the long-period velocity pulse data and increases the pulse peak threshold range. The acceleration amplification factor is 1.2 times the seismic code value, especially the higher magnification values of velocity and acceleration occur in stiff soil and soft rock sites. The peak ratio of seismic ground motion increases with increasing hypocenter distance, which reflects that the attenuation of ground motion velocity is slower than that of motion acceleration. Thus, by combining the moment magnitude, source-site geometry, and site conditions, we provide a quantitative framework to better assess and simulate pulse-like ground motion in seismogenic regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 1","pages":"209 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139553323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismotectonic investigation in northwest Zagros, Iran: analysis of Ezgeleh Mw 7.3 aftershocks","authors":"Zahra Nazarinezhad,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Sepahvand,&nbsp;Afsaneh Nasrabadi","doi":"10.1007/s10950-023-10184-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-023-10184-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zagros, on the Alpine-Himalayan belt, has undergone significant tectonic tension due to the convergence of the Arabian and Eurasian plates, resulting in numerous faults, folds, and thrusts. Despite extensive research, uncertainties persist regarding its seismotectonic features and active faults. This study aims to identify causative faults for earthquakes within this region by calculating focal mechanisms of 47 earthquakes that occurred in northwest Zagros and examining seismicity at depth. In this pursuit, 12 cross-sections have been delineated within the region. The spatial distribution of earthquakes within these sections, coupled with the computed focal mechanisms, serves as indicators of the causative fault. The study attributes a significant proportion of the recorded earthquakes to different segments of the Mountain Front Fault and estimates the length of some segments to exceed what is depicted in geological maps. Clear trends in the depth distribution of earthquakes and alignment of some features with previous studies suggest the activity of hidden faults and the influence of an arc in the study area. The collective results provide a comprehensive understanding of the proposed arc, further reinforced by the identification of a strike-slip fault intersecting the High Zagros Fault, serving as tangible evidence of the arc’s existence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 1","pages":"81 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139497927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source parameters and scaling relationships of stress drop for shallow crustal seismic events in Western Europe","authors":"Ming-Hsuan Yen,&nbsp;Dino Bindi,&nbsp;Adrien Oth,&nbsp;Ben Edwards,&nbsp;Riccardo Zaccarelli,&nbsp;Fabrice Cotton","doi":"10.1007/s10950-023-10188-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-023-10188-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For an ω²-source model, moment-based estimates of the stress drop are obtained by combining corner frequency and seismic moment source parameters. Therefore, the moment-based estimates of the stress drop are informative about the amount of energy radiated at high frequencies by dynamic rupture processes. This study aims to systematically estimate such stress drop from the harmonized dataset at the European scale and to characterize the distributions of the stress drop for application in future stochastic simulations. We analyze the seismological records associated with shallow crustal seismic events that occurred in Western Europe between January 1990 and May 2020. We processed 220,000 high-quality records and isolated the contributions of the source, site, and path contributions using the Generalized Inversion Technique. The source parameters, including the corner frequency, moment magnitude, and stress drop, of 6135 seismic events are calculated. The events processed are mainly tectonic events (e.g., earthquakes of the central Italy 2009–2016 sequence), although non-tectonic events associated with the Groningen gas field and mining activities in Western Europe are also included in the analysis. The impact of different attenuation models and reference site choices are evaluated. Most of the obtained source spectra follow the standard ω²-model except for a few events where the data sampling considered does not allow an effective spectral decomposition. The resulting stress drop shows a positive correlation with moment magnitude between 3 and 4, and a self-similarity for magnitudes greater than 4 with a mean stress drop of 13.8 MPa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"28 1","pages":"63 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10950-023-10188-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139475458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}