Journal of Reproduction and Development最新文献

{"title":"The cavitary corpus luteum: opportunity or threat for bovine reproduction?","authors":"Christian Hanzen, Fernando López-Gatius","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2026-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2026-104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The homogenous, compact or non-cavitary corpus luteum (CL) is an ovarian structure appearing after ovulation and responsible of progesterone synthesis during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. The cavitary CL is similar to the homogeneous but it presents a more or less developed central cavity. The prevalence of a cavitary CL ranges from 18 to 79% during the period of 6 to 12 days post-ovulation. Most cavities regress throughout the cycle. This review aims to present the state of art of the prevalence, physio-morphological characteristics, diagnostic methods and effects on fertility of the cavitary corpus luteum, most of the aspects remaining a topic of debate. From a clinical perspective, the presence of a CL with a large cavity with a very thin wall, resembling an ovarian follicular/luteal cyst, in absence of a further CL in pregnant cows is also described.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in cervical interferon signaling at normal calving in dairy cows.","authors":"Takuji Wakatsuki, Towa Yamaguchi, Ryo Inaba, Ryouka Kawahara-Miki, Akihisa Shinozawa, Michiko Okubo, Kousaku Souma, Hiroki Hirayama","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2026-076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2026-076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical ripening promotes dilation of the birth canal and placental maturation facilitates the expulsion of fetal membranes after parturition, both of which involve coordinated inflammatory processes. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate sterile inflammation in uterine tissues is crucial for preventing periparturient complications in cattle, including dystocia, stillbirth, and retained placenta. Although we previously showed that attenuated upregulation of interferon (IFN) signaling in placentomes at calving is associated with retained placenta, the role of IFN signaling in sterile inflammation remains poorly understood. This study examined whether changes in IFN activity in the cervical mucosa during preparturition indicate inflammation during normal calving. Transcriptome analysis revealed increased expression of the IFN-stimulated genes ISG20 and IFIT1 at calving, similar to that observed in the placentomes. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that IFNA, IFNG, and IFNT expression in the cervical mucosa decreased significantly at calving, whereas IFN-stimulated gene expression increased. Furthermore, ISG20 and MX2 levels showed highly consistent increases among individuals. Changes in IFN-related gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes were less distinct than those in the cervical mucosa. Furthermore, IL1A, IL1B, IL8, and TNFA expression increased in the cervical mucosa, whereas IL6 expression decreased. Among these cytokine changes, IL1B and IL8 were consistent among individuals. These findings highlight IFN signaling as a common immune regulator in the cervix and placentomes at calving, indicating its potential utility in the development of predictive and preventive interventions for periparturient disorders associated with dysregulated sterile inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteria-derived selenium enhances selenium deposition, antioxidant status, and epididymal sperm quality in growing lambs.","authors":"Jamiu Ibrahim Zubair, Aliyu Ibrahim Muhammad, Nur Izzah Mohd Hemly, Nazri Nayan, Anjas Asmara Samsudin","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2026-070","DOIUrl":"10.1262/jrd.2026-070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient involved in male reproductive physiology through its integration into selenoproteins that orchestrate antioxidant defense and spermatogenesis. This study compared the effects of inorganic and yeast- and bacteria-derived Se on the bioavailability, testicular development, sperm functional traits, epididymal plasma biochemistry, and testicular glycogen reserves in growing lambs. Twenty-four lambs (6-7 months old) were randomly assigned to four dietary groups (n = 6) for 90 days: control and sodium selenite (0.5 mg/kg), Se-yeast (0.5 mg/kg), and bacteria-derived Se (0.5 mg/kg) supplemented groups. Se supplementation significantly increased Se concentrations in serum, epididymal plasma, and testicular tissue (P < 0.0001), with bacteria-derived Se exhibiting the highest tissue deposition. Improved bioavailability enhanced testicular development, as evidenced by paired testicular weight, gonadosomatic index, and other morphometric parameters (P < 0.0001). Se also fortified the antioxidant architecture, upregulating glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities, while markedly reducing malondialdehyde levels (P ≤ 0.0004). Epididymal sperm quality improved significantly, including motility, concentration, membrane integrity, viability, and reduced abnormalities (P < 0.0001), without affecting the recovered fluid volume (P = 0.6306). Additionally, Se enhanced epididymal plasma biochemical profiles and increased testicular glycogen reserves (P < 0.0001). Overall, bacteria-derived Se resulted in superior tissue Se deposition and improved reproductive parameters compared to that from other sources. While these responses are likely associated with an enhanced antioxidant status, the specific Se species and underlying molecular mechanisms require further investigation. Consequently, bacteria-derived Se represents a promising alternative source for supporting male reproductive development in small ruminants.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148725383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of sex chromosome-specific DNA sequences by polymerase chain reaction using hair DNA in cattle.","authors":"Toma Hamano, Tomomi Kanazawa, Toru Takahashi","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2025-086","DOIUrl":"10.1262/jrd.2025-086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To establish a simpler polymerase chain reaction (PCR) strategy for detecting sex chromosome-specific DNA sequences in cattle, we verified the feasibility of using hair-derived DNA as a PCR template. In the control steer, multiplex PCR using hair-derived DNA resulted in the amplification of two amplicons: one derived from the X chromosome-harboring 1.715 satellite DNA (365 bp) and another from the Y chromosome-harboring btDYZ-1 sequence (199 bp). In heterosexual twin females with XX/XY chimerism confirmed by chromosome analyses, multiplex PCR analyses with hair DNA determined both 365 and 199 bp amplicons in five of the six cases. In the remaining case, multiplex PCR analysis using hair DNA revealed the amplification of only the 365-bp product; however, using singleplex PCR, the 199-bp product was successfully amplified from hair DNA. The results of the present study suggest that sex chromosome-specific DNA sequences can be detected by PCR using bovine hair-derived DNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":"715-718"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malonic acid promotes glycolytic activity in cumulus cells and improves the quality of bovine oocytes matured in vitro.","authors":"Nobuhiko Itami, Yuji Hirao","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2025-104","DOIUrl":"10.1262/jrd.2025-104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malonic acid (MA) is a dicarboxylic acid that inhibits the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Cumulus cells surrounding human oocytes that achieve conception after in vitro fertilization (IVF) contain higher levels of MA than those that do not. Although MA has no effect on embryo developmental culture, the effects of MA on cumulus cells and oocyte quality remain unclear. In this study, the addition of 10 μM MA to the in vitro maturation (IVM) medium cultured cumulus cell-oocyte complexes improved embryo production efficiency, meeting multiple conception-related criteria after IVF (P < 0.05). MA did not affect the nuclear maturation rate of oocytes after IVM; however, it increased lipid content and normal alignment ratio of cortical granules (P < 0.05), both of which are indicators of cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes. MA also increased the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in oocytes only when they were present with cumulus cells (P < 0.05). MA decreased mitochondrial membrane potential activity in cumulus cells but increased the ATP content and enhanced glycolytic activity (P < 0.05). The use of a glycolysis inhibitor resulted in a decrease in the ATP content of both cumulus cells and oocytes and reduced the amount of lipids in oocytes (P < 0.05). These results indicate that MA shifts ATP production in cumulus cells from the mitochondrial to the glycolytic pathway, resulting in improved ATP synthesis. Furthermore, an increased ATP supply from cumulus cells to oocytes promotes oocyte cytoplasmic maturation, leading to improved quality of IVF embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":"650-659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of paternal resveratrol intake on mitochondria and telomere length in mouse embryos and offspring.","authors":"Noko Teramoto, Nanako Kobayashi, Kokoa Mitsui, Asuka Kamio, Komei Shirasuna, Hisataka Iwata","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2026-038","DOIUrl":"10.1262/jrd.2026-038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advanced paternal age affects embryonic development and offspring phenotypes. We previously demonstrated that resveratrol prevents age-associated declines in the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mt-cn) and telomere length (TL) in embryos. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of paternal resveratrol intake on the mt-cn and TL in pups and embryos produced either via in vitro fertilization (IVF) or IVF using sperm preincubated in epididymal fluid (EF). C57BL/6N male mice were administered drinking water containing either the vehicle (ethanol, 1/2500) or 0.1 mM resveratrol. When these males were mated with young ICR females, paternal resveratrol treatment did not affect the mt-cn or TL in offspring derived from young fathers (16-25 weeks of age). In contrast, in offspring of aged fathers (41-51 weeks of age), the mt-cn and TL in heart tissue were altered in a sex-dependent manner. Moreover, continuous resveratrol administration to males until an advanced paternal age resulted in sperm TL elongation. However, resveratrol treatment did not affect the TL in embryos but significantly increased the mt-cn and reduced the lipid content in blastocysts produced via IVF using oocytes from young females (4 weeks of age). RNA-sequencing revealed that resveratrol treatment affected metabolic pathways, including lipid metabolism. The preincubation of sperm from young untreated males (11 weeks of age) in EF derived from resveratrol-treated males did not affect the mt-cn or TL in blastocysts but reduced the lipid content. In conclusion, paternal resveratrol intake modulates embryonic and offspring phenotypes, potentially through alterations in sperm TL, sperm epigenetic modifications, and bioactive components in EF. Resveratrol intake may exert long-term effects on offspring.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":"641-649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147623345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deletion of Ybx1 results in germ cell hypoplasia in mouse embryos.","authors":"Shinya Ikeda, Yayoi Obata, Yusuke Sotomaru","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2026-025","DOIUrl":"10.1262/jrd.2026-025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several evolutionarily conserved genes have been reported to be involved in gametogenesis. Y-box binding proteins, which have a conserved nucleotide-binding cold-shock domain, have been reported in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Although homologues of Ybx1 in Drosophila and zebrafish play important roles in oogenesis, the involvement of mouse Ybx1 in gametogenesis or gonadal development remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the female and male fetal gonadal phenotypes in Ybx1 knockout mice. Embryos of Ybx1 knockout mice at E13.5 showed slender gonads compared to those of the controls. Whole-mount gonadal immunostaining revealed a significant decrease in the number of female embryonic germ cells. Immunocytochemistry revealed that YB-1, a protein encoded by Ybx1, is expressed in both germ and gonadal somatic cells. In contrast, transcriptome analysis of germ cells and gonadal somatic cells at E13.5 revealed that deletion of Ybx1 did not cause global changes in gene expression. However, Anapc5 and Rpn1, which have been implicated in germ cell survival, were significantly downregulated in Ybx1^(-/-) female germ cells. Furthermore, Acta2 and Mmp2, known Ybx1-regulated genes, were also significantly downregulated in Ybx1^(-/-) female gonadal somatic cells, potentially contributing to germ cell hypoplasia. Collectively, our results suggest that YB-1 may have a role in gonadal development by promoting germ cell survival and gonadal development.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":"700-709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-myristoyltransferase 1, a key gene for protein N-myristoylation, is dispensable for fertility in male mice.","authors":"Yang Liu, Yvxia Zhang, Hailing Ding, Jie Li, Tingting Gao, Zongzhuang Wen, Yunshan Wang, Bin Wu","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2025-064","DOIUrl":"10.1262/jrd.2025-064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>N-Myristoyltransferase 1 (NMT1), the predominant enzyme catalyzing myristoylation of proteins, is involved in various biological processes, including early embryonic development, immune responses, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis, tumorigenesis, and infection, with therapeutic potential in viral and parasitic infections as well as cancer. Despite the critical functions of NMT1, there have been no reports to date regarding its role in reproduction, especially in spermatogenesis. To investigate the function of NMT1 in this context, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9 technology to create a germ cell-specific Nmt1 knockout mice model for the first time. Surprisingly, male mice lacking NMT1 maintained fertility, exhibiting normal testicular structure and sperm morphology, with no significant differences in spermatogenic tubule structure or germ cell distribution compared to wild-type mice. Additionally, the Nmt1^f/f; Stra8-Cre male mice showed no notable defects in meiosis. These findings suggest that NMT1 is not critical for spermatogenesis or male fertility in mice. However, further studies have shown that the compensatory role of NMT2 may play an unexpected role in maintaining myristoylation levels, which provides a new perspective for understanding the role of myristoylation in spermatogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":"632-640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on gestational factors affecting postpartum reproductive performance in dairy cows and the health and reproductive potential of their offspring.","authors":"Chiho Kawashima","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2026-015","DOIUrl":"10.1262/jrd.2026-015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving and sustaining the health and productivity of dairy cows require integrated strategies that combine management and appropriate nutrition. This review adopts two complementary perspectives: optimizing periparturient management to support high productivity without compromising animal health and improving gestational nutrition to produce healthy replacement heifers. Several studies have examined how maternal nutritional and metabolic status before and after calving influence postpartum reproduction, productivity, placental development, and offspring health. Prepartum energy status is a key determinant of early postpartum ovarian function, with a timely first ovulation associated with adequate insulin-like growth factor-I exposure during follicular development. Insufficient β-carotene intake in energy-prioritized feeding systems adversely affects ovarian resumption. Uterine recovery is also nutrition-sensitive; cows with endometritis exhibit signs of impaired liver function, whereas delayed uterine involution is associated with inefficient ruminal nitrogen utilization. Supplementation with lysine, the first limiting amino acid in corn-based diets, further promotes uterine recovery. From a developmental perspective, maternal insulin resistance is associated with low birth weight and altered endocrine profiles in calves, which are indicative of long-term metabolic vulnerability. In contrast, lysine supplementation during the dry period supports neonatal protein synthesis and growth. Furthermore, in growing primiparous cows, greater milk yield during early pregnancy was associated with reduced anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations in female calves, suggesting a lower ovarian reserve. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of gestational and peripartum nutritional management not only for improving dairy cow fertility and productivity but also for optimizing the health and reproductive potential of the next generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":"574-580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147307157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions among progesterone, estradiol, and γ-aminobutyric acid in rat spermatozoal hyperactivation.","authors":"Miki Muroi, Shiho Fukuda, Miki Takahashi, Tatsuya Suzuki, Masakatsu Fujinoki","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2025-106","DOIUrl":"10.1262/jrd.2025-106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our previous study in hamsters indicated that progesterone (P) induces enhancement of spermatozoal hyperactivation, while 17β-estradiol (Eβ) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) suppress this enhancement. Since P has also been shown to enhance hyperactivation of rat spermatozoa in another study conducted by our team, we examined the effects of Eβ and GABA on the P-enhanced hyperactivation of rat spermatozoa in the present study. Our results showed that Eβ suppressed P-enhanced hyperactivation in a dose-dependent manner through an estrogen receptor. In contrast, GABA did not affect P-enhanced hyperactivation. Instead, 5-500 fM GABA significantly enhanced spermatozoal hyperactivation, and this GABA-induced enhancement of hyperactivation was associated with a GABA_A receptor. In conclusion, P-enhanced hyperactivation of rat spermatozoa was suppressed by Eβ although it was not suppressed by GABA. Moreover, low concentrations of GABA enhanced rat spermatozoal hyperactivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":"625-631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}