Evolutionary Applications最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative Synthesis of Microbe-Driven Acclimation and Adaptation in Wild Vertebrates","authors":"Garazi Martin Bideguren,&nbsp;Orly Razgour,&nbsp;Antton Alberdi","doi":"10.1111/eva.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microorganisms associated with animals harbour a unique set of functional traits pivotal for the normal functioning of their hosts. This realisation has led researchers to hypothesise that animal-associated microbial communities may boost the capacity of their hosts to acclimatise and adapt to environmental changes, two eco-evolutionary processes with significant applied relevance. Aiming to assess the importance of microorganisms for wild vertebrate conservation, we conducted a quantitative systematic review to evaluate the scientific evidence for the contribution of gut microorganisms to the acclimation and adaptation capacity of wild vertebrate hosts. After screening 1974 publications, we scrutinised the 109 studies that met the inclusion criteria based on 10 metrics encompassing study design, methodology and reproducibility. We found that the studies published so far were not able to resolve the contribution of gut microorganisms due to insufficient study design and research methods for addressing the hypothesis. Our findings underscore the limited application to date of microbiome knowledge in vertebrate conservation and management, highlighting the need for a paradigm shift in research approaches. Considering these results, we advocate for a shift from observational studies to experimental manipulations, where fitness or related indicators are measured, coupled with an update in molecular techniques used to analyse microbial functions. In addition, closer collaboration with conservation managers and practitioners from the inception of the project is needed to encourage meaningful application of microbiome knowledge in adaptive wildlife conservation management.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impacts of Adaptation to Native-Range Habitats and Contemporary Founder Effects on Genetic Diversity in an Invasive Fish","authors":"Thaïs A. Bernos,&nbsp;Zdenek Lajbner,&nbsp;Petr Kotlík,&nbsp;Jacklyn M. Hill,&nbsp;Silvia Marková,&nbsp;Jonah Yick,&nbsp;Nicholas E. Mandrak,&nbsp;Ken M. Jeffries","doi":"10.1111/eva.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species invading non-native habitats can cause irreversible environmental damage and economic harm. Yet, how introduced species become widespread invaders remains poorly understood. Adaptation within native-range habitats and rapid adaptation to new environments may both influence invasion success. Here, we examine these hypotheses using 7058 SNPs from 36 native, 40 introduced and 19 farmed populations of tench, a fish native to Eurasia. We examined genetic structure among these populations and accounted for long-term evolutionary history within the native range to assess whether introduced populations exhibited lower genetic diversity than native populations. Subsequent to infer genotype–environment correlations within native-range habitats, we assessed whether adaptation to native environments may have shaped the success of some introduced populations. At the broad scale, two glacial refugia contributed to the ancestry and genomic diversity of tench. However, native, introduced and farmed populations of admixed origin exhibited up to 10-fold more genetic diversity (i.e., observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and allelic richness) compared to populations with predominantly single-source ancestry. The effects of introduction to a new location were also apparent as introduced populations exhibited fewer private alleles (mean = 9.9 and 18.9 private alleles in introduced and native populations, respectively) and higher population-specific <i>Fst</i> compared to native populations, highlighting their distinctiveness relative to the pool of allelic frequencies across tench populations. Finally, introduced populations with varying levels of genetic variation and similar genetic compositions have become established and persisted under strikingly different climatic and ecological conditions. Our results suggest that lack of prior adaptation and low genetic variation may not consistently hinder the success of introduced populations for species with a demonstrated ability to expand their native range.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimates of Effective Number of Breeders Identify Drivers of Decline in Mid-Atlantic Brook Trout Populations","authors":"Zachary L. Robinson,&nbsp;Jason A. Coombs,&nbsp;Mark Hudy,&nbsp;Keith H. Nislow,&nbsp;Andrew R. Whiteley","doi":"10.1111/eva.13769","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.13769","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Brook Trout (<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>) populations have experienced marked declines throughout their native range and are presently threatened due to isolation in small habitat fragments, land use changes, and climate change. The existence of numerous, spatially distinct populations poses substantial challenges for monitoring population status (e.g., abundance, recruitment, or occupancy). Genetic monitoring with estimates of effective number of breeders (<i>N</i>_b) provides a potentially powerful metric to complement existing population monitoring, assessment, and prioritization. We estimated <i>N</i>_b for 71 Brook Trout habitat units in mid-Atlantic region of the United States and obtained a mean <i>N</i>_b of 73.2 (range 6.90–493). Our modeling approach tested whether <i>N</i>_b estimates were sensitive to differences in habitat size, presence of non-native salmonids, base flow index, temperature, acidic precipitation, and indices of anthropogenic disturbance. We found significant support for three of our hypotheses including the positive influences of available habitat and base flow index and negative effect of temperature. Our results are consistent with presently observed and predicted future impacts of climate change on populations of this cold-water fish. Importantly, these findings support the use of <i>N</i>_b in population assessments as an index of relative population status.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142363608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Sex-Specific Trade-Off Between Pesticide Resistance and Tolerance to Heat-Induced Sterility in Tetranychus urticae","authors":"Sofia G. Costa,&nbsp;Sara Magalhães,&nbsp;Inês Santos,&nbsp;Flore Zélé,&nbsp;Leonor R. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1111/eva.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current pest management relies extensively on pesticide application worldwide, despite the frequent rise of pesticide resistance in crop pests. This is particularly worrisome because resistance is often not costly enough to be lost in populations after pesticide application, resulting in increased dependency on pesticide application. As climate warming increases, effort should be put into understanding how heat tolerance will affect the persistence of pesticide resistance in populations. To address this, we measured heat tolerance in two populations of the spider mite crop pest <i>Tetranychus urticae</i> that differ in the presence or absence of a target-site mutation conferring resistance to etoxazole pesticide. We found that developmental time and fertility, but not survival, were negatively affected by increasing temperatures in the susceptible population. Furthermore, we found no difference between resistant and susceptible populations in all life-history traits when both sexes developed at control temperature, nor when females developed at high temperature. Resistant heat-stressed males, in contrast, showed lower fertility than susceptible ones, indicating a sex-specific trade-off between heat tolerance and pesticide resistance. This suggests that global warming could lead to reduced pesticide resistance in natural populations. However, resistant females, being as affected by high temperature as susceptible individuals, may buffer the toll in resistant male fertility, and the shorter developmental time at high temperatures may accelerate adaptation to temperature, the pesticide or the cost thereof. Ultimately, the complex dynamic between these two factors will determine whether resistant populations can persist under climate warming.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially Varying Wolbachia Frequencies Reveal the Invasion Origin of an Agricultural Pest Recently Introduced From Europe to North America","authors":"Sonja Lečić,&nbsp;Thomas M. Wolfe,&nbsp;Animesh Ghosh,&nbsp;Serdar Satar,&nbsp;Camilla Souza Beraldo,&nbsp;Emily Smith,&nbsp;Jason J. Dombroskie,&nbsp;Emily Jernigan,&nbsp;Glen Ray Hood,&nbsp;Hannes Schuler,&nbsp;Christian Stauffer","doi":"10.1111/eva.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The introduction of non-native species across the world represents a major global challenge. Retracing invasion origin is an important first step in understanding the invasion process, often requiring detailed sampling within the native range. Insect species frequently host <i>Wolbachia</i>, a widespread endosymbiotic bacterium that manipulates host reproduction to increase infected female fitness. Here, we draw on the spatial variation in infection frequencies of an actively spreading <i>Wolbachia</i> strain <i>w</i>Cer2 to investigate the invasion origin of the European cherry fruit fly, <i>Rhagoletis cerasi.</i> This pest of cherries was introduced from Europe to North America within the last decade. First, we screen the introduced fly population for the presence of <i>Wolbachia</i>. The introduced populations lack the <i>w</i>Cer2 strain and the strongly associated mitochondrial haplotype, suggesting strain absence due to founder effects with invading individuals originating from <i>w</i>Cer2-uninfected native population(s). To narrow down geographic regions of invasion origin, we perform spatial interpolation of the <i>w</i>Cer2 infection frequency across the native range and predict the infection frequency in unsampled regions. For this, we use an extensive dataset of <i>R. cerasi</i> infection covering 238 populations across Europe over 25 years, complemented with 14 additional populations analyzed for this study. We find that <i>R. cerasi</i> was unlikely introduced from <i>w</i>Cer2-infected populations in Central and Western Europe. We propose <i>w</i>Cer2-uninfected populations from Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean region as the most likely candidates for the invasion origin. This work utilizes <i>Wolbachia</i> as an indirect instrument to provide insights into the invasion source of <i>R. cerasi</i> in North America, revealing yet another application for this multifaceted heritable endosymbiont. Given the prevalence of biological invasions, rapidly uncovering invasion origins gives fundamental insights into how invasive species adapt to new environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of putatively beneficial genomic loci on gene expression in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus, Le Conte, 1831) affected by white-nose syndrome","authors":"Robert Kwait,&nbsp;Malin L. Pinsky,&nbsp;Sarah Gignoux-Wolfsohn,&nbsp;Evan A. Eskew,&nbsp;Kathleen Kerwin,&nbsp;Brooke Maslo","doi":"10.1111/eva.13748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13748","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Genome-wide scans for selection have become a popular tool for investigating evolutionary responses in wildlife to emerging diseases. However, genome scans are susceptible to false positives and do little to demonstrate specific mechanisms by which loci impact survival. Linking putatively resistant genotypes to observable phenotypes increases confidence in genome scan results and provides evidence of survival mechanisms that can guide conservation and management efforts. Here we used an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis to uncover relationships between gene expression and alleles associated with the survival of little brown bats (<i>Myotis lucifugus</i>) despite infection with the causative agent of white-nose syndrome. We found that 25 of the 63 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with survival were related to gene expression in wing tissue. The differentially expressed genes have functional annotations associated with the innate immune system, metabolism, circadian rhythms, and the cellular response to stress. In addition, we observed differential expression of multiple genes with survival implications related to loci in linkage disequilibrium with focal SNPs. Together, these findings support the selective function of these loci and suggest that part of the mechanism driving survival may be the alteration of immune and other responses in epithelial tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.13748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining Masculinizing Resistance, Rotation, and Biocontrol to Achieve Durable Suppression of the Potato Pale Cyst Nematode: A Model","authors":"Israël Tankam Chedjou,&nbsp;Josselin Montarry,&nbsp;Sylvain Fournet,&nbsp;Frédéric M. Hamelin","doi":"10.1111/eva.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pale cyst nematode, <i>Globodera pallida</i>, is a pest that poses a significant threat to potato crops worldwide. The most effective chemical nematicides are toxic to nontarget organisms and are now banned. Alternative control methods are therefore required. Crop rotation and biological control methods have limitations for effectively managing nematodes. The use of genetically resistant cultivars is a promising alternative, but nematode populations evolve, and virulent mutants can break resistance after just a few years. Masculinizing resistances, preventing avirulent nematodes from producing females, might be more durable than blocking resistances, preventing infection. Our demo-genetic model, tracking both nematode population densities and virulence allele frequencies, shows that virulence against masculinizing resistance may not be fixed in the pest population under realistic agricultural conditions. Avirulence may persist despite the uniform use of resistance. This is because avirulent male nematodes may transmit avirulent alleles to their progeny by mating with virulent females. Additionally, because avirulent nematodes do not produce females themselves, they weaken the reproductive rate of the nematode population, leading to a reduction in its density by at least 20%. This avirulence load can even lead to the collapse of the nematode population in theory. Overall, our model showed that combining masculinizing resistance, rotation, and biocontrol may achieve durable suppression of <i>G. pallida</i> in a reasonable time frame. Our work is supported by an online interactive interface allowing users (i.e., growers, plant health authorities, researchers) to test their own control combinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Sex and Origin Identification Suggests Differential Migration of Male and Female Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Northeast Atlantic","authors":"Einar Eg Nielsen,&nbsp;Kim Birnie-Gauvin,&nbsp;Henrik Baktoft,&nbsp;Haritz Arrizabalaga,&nbsp;Tomas Brodin,&nbsp;Massimiliano Cardinale,&nbsp;Michele Casini,&nbsp;Gustav Helström,&nbsp;Teunis Jansen,&nbsp;Anders Koed,&nbsp;Petter Lundberg,&nbsp;Brian R. MacKenzie,&nbsp;Antonio Medina,&nbsp;Søren Post,&nbsp;Naiara Rodriguez-Ezpeleta,&nbsp;Andreas Sundelöf,&nbsp;José Luis Varela,&nbsp;Kim Aarestrup","doi":"10.1111/eva.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Knowledge about sex-specific difference in life-history traits—like growth, mortality, or behavior—is of key importance for management and conservation as these parameters are essential for predictive modeling of population sustainability. We applied a newly developed molecular sex identification method, in combination with a SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) panel for inferring the population of origin, for more than 300 large Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT) collected over several years from newly reclaimed feeding grounds in the Northeast Atlantic. The vast majority (95%) of individuals were genetically assigned to the eastern Atlantic population, which migrates between spawning grounds in the Mediterranean and feeding grounds in the Northeast Atlantic. We found a consistent pattern of a male bias among the eastern Atlantic individuals, with a 4-year mean of 63% males (59%–65%). Males were most prominent within the smallest (&lt; 230 cm) and largest (&gt; 250 cm) length classes, while the sex ratio was close to 1:1 for intermediate sizes (230–250 cm). The results from this new, widely applicable, and noninvasive approach suggests differential occupancy or migration timing of ABFT males and females, which cannot be explained alone by sex-specific differences in growth. Our findings are corroborated by previous traditional studies of sex ratios in dead ABFT from the Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and the Gulf of Mexico. In concert with observed differences in growth and mortality rates between the sexes, these findings should be recognized in order to sustainably manage the resource, maintain productivity, and conserve diversity within the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Genomics of the Blue Shark, Prionace glauca, Reveals Different Populations in the Mediterranean Sea and the Northeast Atlantic","authors":"Agostino Leone,&nbsp;Sophie Arnaud-Haond,&nbsp;Massimiliano Babbucci,&nbsp;Luca Bargelloni,&nbsp;Ilaria Coscia,&nbsp;Dimitrios Damalas,&nbsp;Chrystelle Delord,&nbsp;Rafaella Franch,&nbsp;Fulvio Garibaldi,&nbsp;David Macias,&nbsp;Stefano Mariani,&nbsp;Jann Martinsohn,&nbsp;Persefoni Megalofonou,&nbsp;Primo Micarelli,&nbsp;Natacha Nikolic,&nbsp;Paulo A. Prodöhl,&nbsp;Emilio Sperone,&nbsp;Marco Stagioni,&nbsp;Antonella Zanzi,&nbsp;Alessia Cariani,&nbsp;Fausto Tinti","doi":"10.1111/eva.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Populations of marine top predators have been sharply declining during the past decades, and one-third of chondrichthyans are currently threatened with extinction. Sustainable management measures and conservation plans of large pelagic sharks require knowledge on population genetic differentiation and demographic connectivity. Here, we present the case of the Mediterranean blue shark (<i>Prionace glauca</i>, L. 1758), commonly found as bycatch in longline fisheries and classified by the IUCN as critically endangered. The management of this species suffers from a scarcity of data about population structure and connectivity within the Mediterranean Sea and between this basin and the adjacent Northeast Atlantic. Here, we assessed the genetic diversity and spatial structure of blue shark from different areas of the Mediterranean Sea and the Northeast Atlantic through genome scan analyses. Pairwise genetic differentiation estimates (<i>F</i>_ST) on 203 specimens genotyped at 14,713 ddRAD-derived SNPs revealed subtle, yet significant, genetic differences within the Mediterranean sampling locations, and between the Mediterranean Sea and the Northeast Atlantic Ocean. Genetic differentiation suggests some degree of demographic independence between the Western and Eastern Mediterranean blue shark populations. Furthermore, results show limited genetic connectivity between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic basins, supporting the hypothesis of two distinct populations of blue shark separated by the Strait of Gibraltar. Although reproductive interactions may be limited, the faint genetic signal of differentiation suggests a recent common history between these units. Therefore, Mediterranean blue sharks may function akin to a metapopulation relying upon local demographic processes and connectivity dynamics, whereby the limited contemporary gene flow replenishment from the Atlantic may interplay with currently poorly regulated commercial catches and large-scale ecosystem changes. Altogether, these results emphasise the need for revising management delineations applied to these critically endangered sharks.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-Genome Analyses Reveal the Distinct Taxonomic Status of the Hainan Population of Endangered Rucervus eldii and Its Conservation Implications","authors":"Chenqing Zheng,&nbsp;Qing Chen,&nbsp;Michelle Hang Gi Wong,&nbsp;Nick Marx,&nbsp;Thananh Khotpathoom,&nbsp;Hesheng Wang,&nbsp;Feng Yang,&nbsp;Xiaodong Rao,&nbsp;Bosco Pui Lok Chan,&nbsp;Yang Liu","doi":"10.1111/eva.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eld's deer <i>Rucervus eldii</i> (McClelland, 1842) is an ungulate that lives in tropical lowland forests in several countries of Indochina and Hainan Island of China. Its remaining population is small and scattered, and the species is listed as an Endangered species on the IUCN Red List. The debate over the taxonomic status of the Hainan population has persisted for over a century—as an island-endemic subspecies <i>R. e. hainanus</i>, or an insular population of the subspecies <i>R. e. siamensis</i>, would have significant conservation implications. And, given the Hainan population had experienced both population bottleneck and multiple translocations in the past, conservation genomics would be a powerful tool to evaluate the genetic impacts of these events. In this study, we used conservation genomics assessment to study population differentiation and genetic diversity of <i>R. e. siamensis</i> in Cambodia and three Eld's deer subpopulations on Hainan Island. Based on the unique genetic profile and demographic analysis, this study corroborated previous studies using genetic markers that the Hainan Eld's deer warrants the taxonomic status of a distinct subspecies. The Hainan population exhibits a reduction in genetic diversity and an increase in the level of inbreeding when compared to the population of Cambodia. The signs of purifying selection were found against homozygous loss-of-function mutations to decrease the deleterious burden in the Hainan population. However, there was an accumulation of more deleterious missense mutations. Furthermore, significant differences in genetic diversity and level of inbreeding found among the three Hainan subpopulations indicated population isolation and suboptimal translocation strategies, which calls for urgent, coordinated, and science-based genetic management to ensure the long-term viability of the endemic subspecies <i>hainanus</i>. This study provides guidance for the conservation and management of Eld's deer.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}