Allison E. Bond , Samuel Gerry , Craig J. Bryan , Michael D. Anestis
{"title":"Determining demographic and previous suicide risk factors associated with developing a plan for suicide with a firearm","authors":"Allison E. Bond , Samuel Gerry , Craig J. Bryan , Michael D. Anestis","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Examine demographic factors associated with developing a plan for suicide with a firearm among a sample of military service members, veterans, and adult dependents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants (N = 2690) were current military service members, Veterans, and adult dependents. A binary logistic regression was used to examine demographic variables associated with having developed a plan for suicide with a firearm.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>A binary logistic regression indicates that men and those who identify as White had a significantly increased likelihood of having developed a plan for suicide with a firearm compared to another method.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings represent a meaningful, incremental addition to the literature, by providing insight into who is most likely to develop suicide plans involving a firearm. Health care providers should provide information on secure firearm storage to those whose identities align with our results in an effort to reduce access to firearms during a time of crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander C. Kline , Nicholas P. Otis , Laura D. Crocker , Lisa H. Glassman , W. Michael Hunt , Kristen H. Walter
{"title":"Residual symptoms following trauma-focused treatment for comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder","authors":"Alexander C. Kline , Nicholas P. Otis , Laura D. Crocker , Lisa H. Glassman , W. Michael Hunt , Kristen H. Walter","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite effective psychotherapy options for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), some patients do not fully respond, and even among those reporting substantial improvement, residual symptoms following treatment are common. Psychiatric conditions frequently co-occur with PTSD, yet research on residual symptoms among comorbid samples is lacking. This study examined residual symptoms of PTSD and depression among 71 active duty service members with PTSD and comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD). As part of a clinical trial, participants were randomized to cognitive processing therapy (CPT) or a novel treatment designed to address PTSD and comorbid MDD, behavioral activation-enhanced CPT (BA + CPT). Analyses compared individual residual symptoms between treatments and groups based on PTSD and MDD diagnostic status at posttreatment. For both PTSD and MDD, the conditional probabilities for each residual symptom did not differ between CPT and BA + CPT, suggesting treatment type did not influence which symptoms persisted. For the 36 service members who lost their PTSD diagnosis at posttreatment, conditional probabilities of residual PTSD symptoms were highest for sleep problems, concentration difficulties, and hypervigilance; for MDD symptoms, conditional probabilities were highest for sleep problems, concentration difficulties, and low energy. These most common residual symptoms were identical for the 31 service members who lost their MDD diagnosis at posttreatment. Residual symptoms observed among service members with PTSD and comorbid MDD mirrored those commonly identified among single disorder PTSD or MDD samples. Identifying and addressing residual symptoms most meaningful to patients will maximize benefit from PTSD treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 42-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara V. Maurer , Benjamin W.Q. Hing , Stephanie Lussier , Sreya Radhakrishna , Jada L.B. Davis , Parker W. Abbott , Jacob J. Michaelson , Hanna E. Stevens
{"title":"Prenatal stress alters mouse offspring dorsal striatal development and placental function in sex-specific ways","authors":"Sara V. Maurer , Benjamin W.Q. Hing , Stephanie Lussier , Sreya Radhakrishna , Jada L.B. Davis , Parker W. Abbott , Jacob J. Michaelson , Hanna E. Stevens","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prenatal stress is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, how early stress modification of brain development contributes to this pathophysiology is poorly understood. Ventral forebrain regions such as dorsal striatum are of particular interest: dorsal striatum modulates movement and cognition, is altered in NDDs, and has a primarily GABAergic population. Here, we examine effects of prenatal stress on adult movement, cognition, and dorsal striatum neurobiology in mice using striatal-dependent behavioral assays, immunohistochemistry, embryonic ventral forebrain transcriptomics, and placental transcriptomics. We found prenatal stress affected adult procedural, habit, and reversal learning in sex-specific ways. Stress also increased adult dorsal striatal GABAergic neurons – an effect largely driven by males. We sought to examine the developmental origins of these adult brain changes. We found similar sex-specific dorsal striatal cellular changes in earlier points of development. The dorsal striatum primordium--embryonic ventral forebrain—showed that prenatal stress increased DNA replication and cell cycle pathways in male but not female transcriptomics and cellular biology. Unique signatures may have arisen from male-female placental differences. Stress-induced placental transcriptomics showed upregulated morphogenesis pathways in males while females downregulated morphogenic, hormonal, and cellular response pathways. Our findings suggest that prenatal stress could affect placenta function and also alter the GABAergic population of dorsal striatum differentially between the sexes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 149-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soroush Sarvestani , Jonathan David , Maja Nedeljkovic , Melissa M. Norberg , Richard Moulding
{"title":"Development of a short and an ultra-brief version of the Saving Inventory-revised (SI-R) for assessing hoarding severity: The SI-R9 and the SI-R3","authors":"Soroush Sarvestani , Jonathan David , Maja Nedeljkovic , Melissa M. Norberg , Richard Moulding","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hoarding Disorder (HD) is marked by the inability to discard possessions, and often excessive acquiring, which results in cluttered living spaces that substantially disrupt daily life. While the Saving Inventory-Revised (SI-R) serves as a reliable and valid tool for assessing hoarding severity, its length may preclude routine use. We aimed to develop a valid shorter version of the scale using Item Response Theory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis in a non-selected sample of 2890 individuals and a clinical HD sample of 200 participants, which were divided into test and confirmatory samples in a 2:1 ratio. This led to a 9-item SI-R9, containing the original three subscales of discarding, clutter and acquiring; and an ultra-brief 3-item scale, the SI-R3. The original and revised versions demonstrated construct, convergent, and divergent validity. Significant gender differential was noted on some items, particularly those from the full SI-R, but was small in nature. Clinical cut-offs for all three scales showed good sensitivity and specificity. In conclusion, <strong>t</strong>he SI-R3 and SI-R9 were successfully developed from the original scale, we hope that clinicians and researchers will benefit from reduced administration time, improved compliance, and more cost-effectiveness, and this will lead to greater use in clinical and research settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haeme R.P. Park , Luke A. Egan , Miranda R. Chilver , Peter R. Schofield , Leanne M. Williams , Justine M. Gatt
{"title":"The moderating effect of recent positive and negative life events on the impact of early life stress on mental wellbeing and distress","authors":"Haeme R.P. Park , Luke A. Egan , Miranda R. Chilver , Peter R. Schofield , Leanne M. Williams , Justine M. Gatt","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early life stress (ELS) significantly influences mental health in later stages of life. Yet it is unclear whether recent life events lessen or intensify the effects of ELS on present wellbeing and distress. We addressed this question in 1064 healthy community adults with a normative range of wellbeing and distress. We tested whether recent daily life events (DLE), occurring in the 12 months prior to assessment, moderated the association between effects of past ELS on present wellbeing and distress. Principal components analysis was first used on both ELS and DLE to determine the event types loading together on components. For wellbeing, we observed associations with the ELS component ‘family conflict’, and DLE components ‘positive work changes’, ‘positive lifestyle changes’, ‘vacation’, and ‘negative work changes’. There was no evidence of these DLEs moderating the relationship between ELS and wellbeing. For distress, we found associations with three ELS components, ‘interpersonal violence’, ‘personal health trauma’, and ‘peer conflict’, of which ‘interpersonal violence’ showed an interaction with two negative DLE components – ‘relationship problems’ and ‘sexual/pregnancy difficulties’. These findings suggest that the pervasive impact of interpersonal violence (childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse) on psychological distress is further compounded by maladaptive relationships in adulthood, which lead to higher distress; however, for wellbeing, the effects of ELS and DLE are independent. Our findings indicate a complex pattern of associations between life events and mental health, and highlight the importance of examining both wellbeing and distress outcomes, which may vary depending on the associations between early and recent life events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 166-176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megan L. Rogers , Erik J. Reinbergs , William D. Murley
{"title":"Assessing relations between psychological closeness to suicide methods and suicide risk in a community sample: A replication study","authors":"Megan L. Rogers , Erik J. Reinbergs , William D. Murley","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Approximately 700,000 individuals die from suicide each year, highlighting the need to identify factors that may predict or prevent suicidal behaviors. Previous literature suggests psychological closeness to suicide methods may significantly predict suicidal intent and behaviors, particularly among high-risk populations. However, research has yet to investigate the relationship between psychological closeness to suicide methods and suicide among individuals with lower severity of suicidal ideation and using a set of robust suicide-related covariates. A sample of 315 adults with current suicidal ideation (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 21.12, <em>SD</em> = 12.13, 52% cisgender men, 73% White, 67% heterosexual/straight) were recruited from Prolific to complete an online survey. Results from a hierarchical regression indicated that psychological closeness to suicide methods was uniquely related to suicide risk, above and beyond physical closeness to these methods, sociodemographic characteristics, and other clinical covariates. Our study replicated and extended past findings, further supporting the potential utility of assessing and intervening on psychological closeness to suicide methods in both research and clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 253-256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of electroconvulsive therapy on inflammatory markers in patients with severe mental disorders","authors":"Simge Seren Kirlioglu Balcioglu , Amine Kilictutan , Duygu Ozer , Oya Guclu , Mustafa Nuray Namli","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Evaluation of the effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on systemic inflammatory markers in patients with severe mental disorders and determination of potential clinical predictors of treatment response.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The current retrospective cohort study included 156 patients with psychotic and mood disorders who underwent ECT. Pre- and post-ECT blood samples were collected to assess inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and other complete blood count derived indices. Clinical outcomes were measured using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant reductions in several inflammatory markers were identified, including NLR, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), CRP and CRP-albumin ratio, following ECT. Both BPRS and CGI-S scores also showed marked improvement post-ECT. Psychotic presentation was identified as a predictor of greater symptom improvement; changes in inflammatory markers were not significantly correlated with clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ECT can reduce systemic inflammation in patients with severe mental disorders; however, this reduction may not directly correspond to clinical improvement. These findings suggest that inflammation plays a complex role in the therapeutic effects of ECT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 297-303"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elijah E. Boliver , Brittany M. Gouse , Tithi D. Baul , Nandini Agarwal , Amelia C. Blanton , Jennifer Lancet , Cindy Xu , Hannah E. Brown
{"title":"Prolonged length of stay among individuals presenting to the emergency department with psychosis: Associations with sociodemographic and visit-level characteristics","authors":"Elijah E. Boliver , Brittany M. Gouse , Tithi D. Baul , Nandini Agarwal , Amelia C. Blanton , Jennifer Lancet , Cindy Xu , Hannah E. Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Individuals experiencing psychosis commonly initiate and engage in treatment within an emergency department (ED) setting. Understanding factors contributing to adverse ED experiences is critical for improving psychosis-related treatment. Prolonged ED length of stay (LOS), which can be conversely associated with treatment quality, is not well explored among individuals experiencing psychosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective analysis of 2129 ED visits for psychosis, we examined sociodemographic characteristics associated with prolonged ED LOS. Among these visits, which occurred from March 1, 2019–February 28, 2021, we also examined the risk of physical restraint, parenteral medication administration, disposition to inpatient psychiatric hospitalization, and substance use positivity by prolonged ED LOS status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Females, compared to males, were more likely to have prolonged ED LOS; no other sociodemographic characteristics were significantly associated with prolonged ED LOS. Visits with physical restraint, parenteral medication administration, and disposition to inpatient psychiatric hospitalization had a greater risk of prolonged ED LOS compared to visits without these factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings provide critical insight on approaches to reduce ED LOS among individuals experiencing psychosis and improve treatment engagement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 391-397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143039324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karel Kostev , Benjamin Landré , Dong Keon Yon , Josep Maria Haro , Razak M. Gyasi , André Hajek , Louis Jacob
{"title":"Psychiatric comorbidity and in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized for physical conditions in Germany","authors":"Karel Kostev , Benjamin Landré , Dong Keon Yon , Josep Maria Haro , Razak M. Gyasi , André Hajek , Louis Jacob","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association between psychiatric comorbidity and in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized for physical conditions in Germany.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study used data from the hospital database of IQVIA (Frankfurt, Germany). Adults with a psychiatric disorder as a secondary diagnosis at hospital admission were matched (1:3) to those without a psychiatric disorder using a propensity score based on age, sex, hospital department, and primary diagnosis. Diagnoses of psychiatric and physical disorders relied on the ICD-10 classification. Associations between psychiatric comorbidity and in-hospital mortality were studied using logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 36,796 patients with (mean [SD] age 66.2 [14.7] years; 53.4% men) and 110,388 patients without psychiatric comorbidity included in the study (mean [SD] age 66.1 [15.1] years; 51.9% men). Overall, no statistical association was observed between psychiatric comorbidity and in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.95–1.05). However, there was a positive and significant relationship in people aged ≤70 years and men, whereas a negative association was observed for those aged >80 years and women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Psychiatric comorbidity was associated with increased in-hospital mortality in patients aged ≤70 years and men in hospitals in Germany. Further research is warranted to corroborate these findings in other countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 489-496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Zhang , Hui Li , Tiantian Kong , Ligang Shan , Pengxiang Wang , Yimin Kang , Fan Wang
{"title":"The impact of community-based, non-pharmaceutical interventions on anxiety and depression in fibromyalgia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Rui Zhang , Hui Li , Tiantian Kong , Ligang Shan , Pengxiang Wang , Yimin Kang , Fan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is often accompanied by anxiety and depression, seriously affecting the prognosis of patients. Active non-pharmacological therapies are the mainstay of treatment, but the optimal choice is still contentious.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We did a network meta-analysis(NMA) of RCTs and compared 7 community-based non-pharmacological interventions based on 29 studies. We searched Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from the database inception to March 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The NMA demonstrated that five out of six (83.34%) non-pharmacological interventions were associated with significant improvement in anxiety compared with usual care, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) ranging from −1.14 (95% CI: −1.76 to −0.51) for aquatic exercise to −0.39 (95% CI: 073–0.05) for meditation; six of the seven non-pharmacological interventions (85.71%) were associated with significant improvement in depression, with SMD ranged from −1.18 (95% CI: −1.68 to −0.68) for aquatic exercise to −0.46 (95% CI: −0.86 to −0.05) for education therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Limitation</h3><div>First of all, there were scale translation biases in this study caused by the different languages of the original study. In addition, there was a lack of direct comparison between the aquatic exercise group and the routine care group, and the third included intervention measures lacked unified implementation standards.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Aquatic exercise exhibited distinct advantages compared with other community-based non-pharmacological interventions and is likely to have optimal efficacy in improving anxiety and depression. The study protocol is registered with the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD 42022338406).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 50-58"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}