Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of antidepressant type on allostatic load of male and female psychiatric outpatients.","authors":"Philippe Kerr, Robert-Paul Juster, Sonia J Lupien, Marie-Claude Delisle","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex differences and antidepressant use are not systematically accounted for in studies measuring physiological dysregulations associated with chronic stress and allostatic load (AL) in neuropsychiatry. Critically, assessing commonly prescribed antidepressant medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) could help monitor potential iatrogenic effects on AL and health that are associated with prolonged antidepressant use. The objective of this exploratory analysis was to investigate how male and female psychiatric outpatients using either SSRIs or SNRIs differ in their AL indices. To achieve this, we used data from a larger project collecting administrative, medical, and biological data among psychiatric outpatients of the Anjou Clinic for Mood and Anxiety Disorders, based in Montreal, Canada (n = 116). Sociodemographic variables included age and birth-assigned sex. We calculated AL using 10 biomarkers reflecting cardiovascular (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse) and metabolic (glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), total cholesterol/HDL ratio, triglycerides, body mass index) functioning. Psychiatric medications were classified using the Anatomical and Therapeutic Classification system. We found that relative to female outpatients, male outpatients showed significantly higher AL levels. In addition, relative to SSRI users, SNRI users had significantly higher AL levels. However, there were no interactions effects between birth-assigned sex and antidepressant types on AL. We discuss the potential clinical implications of our findings, as well as directions for future studies that aim to investigate AL among male and female patients using antidepressants.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"373-378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized controlled trial of computerized working memory training for Veterans with PTSD.","authors":"J Bomyea, M M Caudle, A L Bartolovich, A N Simmons, A J Jak, S Golshan","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric condition among Veterans that is associated with deficits across a range of neuropsychological domains including working memory. While gold-standard psychosocial treatments are highly effective, there still remains a high rate of individuals who do not engage with or fully benefit from them. Cognitive training targeting specific working memory deficits in PTSD presents an alternative treatment approach that has shown promise for reducing re-experiencing symptoms. The current study evaluated a 16-session working memory training (WMT) program in Veterans with PTSD, focusing on two levels of interference control training. Feasibility, acceptability, and clinical efficacy were assessed. Results indicated that the intervention was generally feasible and acceptable to Veterans and revealed similar effects between groups in the intent to treat analyses; however, the high interference control training group yielded greater re-experiencing symptom reductions than the low interference control training group among individuals who were protocol adherent (Hedges' g = 0.57). There were significant reductions in overall PTSD severity across groups. Results are broadly consistent with theoretical models and prior clinical trials linking working memory task improvement to re-experiencing symptom reductions. These results point to the potential for working memory training to be a viable intervention for PTSD in Veterans, though further research is necessary for validation and exploration of broader clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"350-357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial expression analysis using convolutional neural network for drug-naive and chronic schizophrenia.","authors":"Tongxin Li, Xiaofei Zhang, Conghui Wang, Tian Tian, Jinghui Chi, Min Zeng, Xiao Zhang, Lili Wang, Shen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.065","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Facial images have been shown to convey mental conditions as clinical symptoms. This study aimed to use facial images to detect patients with drug-naive schizophrenia (DN-SCZ) or chronic schizophrenia (C-SCZ) from healthy controls (HCs), and to investigate differences in facial expressions among these 3 groups, as well as relationships between facial expressions and psychiatric symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We recruited 45 DN-SCZ patients, 106 C-SCZ patients and 101 HCs for the study, and videotaped their facial expressions through a fixed experimental paradigm. The video data was converted to facial images and divided into two sets: one for training a group classification-convolutional neural network (CNN) with the classification of DN-SCZ patient, C-SCZ patient and HC as output, and the other for evaluating classification results of the group classification-CNN. Subsequently, we extracted and evaluated 300 labeled facial images for each basic facial expression. These labeled images were employed to train separate facial expression-CNNs for each group (DN-SCZ, C-SCZ, and HCs). All facial images from the videos were then processed by their facial expression-CNNs to output the most probable facial expressions. The psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted on the predicted facial expressions to identify differences among the groups, and to examine relationships between the predicted facial expressions and the clinical data of DN/C-SCZ patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The group classification-CNN achieved an accuracy of 90.99% in correctly classifying participants based on facial images. The 3 facial expression-CNNs achieved accuracies of 95.95%, 87.23%, and 92.11% in predicting 8 basic facial expressions within the 3 groups. Facial images of HCs were rated higher in valence, arousal and attractiveness, but lower in deviation from normal face than those of DN/C-SCZ patients. Happy images of DN-SCZ patients were rated lower in valence and arousal than those of C-SCZ patients, while their angry images were rated higher in arousal, attractiveness and deviation from normal images than those of C-SCZ patients. Within the fixed experimental paradigm, DN-SCZ patients exhibited sadder, more surprised expressions, while displaying fewer happy, angry and disgusted expressions, statistical metrics of their fearful and angry expressions were correlated with their total positive symptom score and total general psychopathology score, respectively. C-SCZ patients exhibited happier, more content, angry and neutral expressions, while showing fewer surprised expressions, no significant relationships were observed between their facial expressions and clinical data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Facial expressions can potentially serve as indicative signs for detecting DN-SCZ and C-SCZ patients. There are objective differences in certai","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"225-236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Hearing loss and depression - Comprehensive community support.","authors":"Ying Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"330-332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Evaluating the efficacy of Zonisamide in managing alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Wei-Zhen Tang, Hao-Wen Chen, Tai-Hang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"379-380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threat sensitivity mediates the association between perceived safety and anxiety in adolescents from urban communities.","authors":"Carmen Carpenter, Autumm R Heeter, MacKenna M Shampine, Leah C Gowatch, Samantha L Ely, Amanpreet Bhogal, Emilie-Clare L O'Mara, Clara G Zundel, Nina M Lipanski, Breanna A Borg, Sharon Marshall, Laura J Benjamins, Hannah Schacter, Christopher Youngman, Hilary A Marusak","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite the prevalence of violence exposure (VE) among youth and its link to increased risk for anxiety and related psychiatric disorders, few studies have examined potential mediators. The present study investigated the relationships among lifetime VE, perceived safety, threat sensitivity, and anxiety symptoms in adolescents from an urban minority community (Detroit, MI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 54 adolescents (ages 14-18, 55.6% female) self-reported on VE, safety, threat sensitivity, and anxiety symptoms in an online survey. Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations among these variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that perceived safety, but not VE, was significantly associated with lower anxiety and threat sensitivity. Furthermore, threat sensitivity mediated the association between perceived safety and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings of the present study highlight (1) the potential protective role of perceived safety and (2) threat sensitivity as a potential target for disrupting anxiety-related pathways in adolescents with VE.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"294-297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial hybrid interventions for weight and sedentary behavior management among patients with severe mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Suzana Maria Menezes Guariente, Ana Cecília Novaes Oliveira, Arthur Eumann Mesas, Carlos Eduardo Coral Oliveira, Edna Maria Vissosi Reiche, Robson Zazula, Sandra Odebrecht Vargas Nunes","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and other psychosis have been associated with risk of premature mortality, predominantly due to cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy of hybrid psychosocial interventions combining face-to-face and eHealth components for patients with severe mental disorders on reduction of weight and waist circumference.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The electronic search on PubMED, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Web of Science were conducted, and data were extracted twice. A supplementary search was also conducted. Interventions with severe mental disorder patients reporting outcomes related to obesity, metabolism, metabolic syndrome, and inflammation were included. Data were synthesized using a systematic narrative synthesis framework, and formal quality assessments to address the risk of bias. A meta-analysis was also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After following the steps recommended by PRISMA statements, 14 studies were included in the systematic review and four studies were included in meta-analysis. The pooled analysis demonstrated that hybrid interventions were not able to significantly promote waist circumference changes [SMD (cm) = -0.19, 95% CI = -0.60, 0.22; Z = 0.91; p = 0.36; two studies] nor weight reduction [SMD (kg) = -0.21, 95% CI = -0.43, 0.01; Z = 1.90; p = 0.06; four studies] in patients with severe mental disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More studies should focus on hybrid mental health psychosocial for weight control and sedentary lifestyle need to be elaborated to verify their effectiveness in improving sedentary lifestyle and promoting weight reduction in people with severe mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"391-399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between social media use and positive mental health among adolescents: Findings from the Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study.","authors":"Zahra M Clayborne, Suzy L Wong, Karen C Roberts, Stephanie A Prince, Geneviève Gariépy, Gary S Goldfield, Ian Janssen, Justin J Lang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social media use (SMU) has rapidly increased among children and adolescents in the past decade, and has been linked with poorer mental health. However, moderate SMU can facilitate connectedness among peers, which may have positive impacts for well-being - these associations are underexplored. This study examined the associations between SMU and several indicators of PMH in a nationally representative sample of 13,113 adolescents in grades 6 to 10 from the 2017/2018 cycle of the Canadian Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. SMU was measured using a four-level composite of intensity (non-active, active, intense) and problematic SMU (addictive-like symptoms, regardless of intensity). Four dichotomous indicators of PMH were examined: self-efficacy, self-confidence, life satisfaction, and psychological well-being. Covariates included grade, gender, cultural/racial background, and socioeconomic status. Unadjusted and adjusted mixed effects logistic regression models accounting for school-level clustering were run, with separate models for each PMH indicator and active SMU set as the referent. When compared to active SMU, problematic SMU was associated with lower levels of all PMH indicators, and intense SMU was associated with lower life satisfaction. In gender-stratified models, intense SMU was associated with lower life satisfaction among girls. In grade-stratified models, non-active SMU was associated with lower self-confidence for adolescents in grades 9 and 10. In all, problematic SMU is generally associated with lower odds of reporting high PMH. Longitudinal research is required to ascertain directionality of these findings, and to examine how these associations may have changed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"333-339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program for reducing anxiety and depression in hospital staff during a pandemic: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Carolina Mariño-Narvaez, Borja Romero-Gonzalez, Jose A Puertas-Gonzalez, Maria Isabel Peralta-Ramírez, Yolanda Castellote-Caballero","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospital staff have experienced an increase in psychopathological symptoms such as anxiety or depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the aims of the present research were, firstly, to study the effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program in reducing psychopathological symptoms in hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as, its effectiveness in increasing mindfulness-related skills, self-compassion, body awareness, and reducing stress levels. This parallel randomized controlled trial consisted of 97 hospital workers who were divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 54) and the control group (n = 44). To test the efficacy of the program, participants' levels of psychopathological symptoms, mindfulness-related skills, self-compassion, body awareness, and stress were assessed and compared before and after the intervention. The results show a significant group × time interaction and significant differences in somatizations (p = .03; η²p = .047), depression (p = .01; η²p = .103) and anxiety (p = .02; η²p = .054). As well as in the following secondary outcomes: from the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire: Observing (p = .001; η²p = .176), acting with awareness (p = .01; η²p = .151), nonjudging; (p = .01; η²p = .103) and nonreactivity (p = .02; η²p = .101). In the Self-Compassion Scale: self-kindness (p = .029; η²p = .049), mindfulness (p = .033; η²p = .047), self-judgment (p = .016; η²p = .060) and isolation (p = .025; η²p = .051. And finally, in the Body awareness subscale from Self-Body Connection (p = .044; η²p = .042). These results highlight the importance of providing hospital staff with skills that help them connect in the present with their feelings and thoughts, without judgment and with self-compassion, to protect them from suffering an increase in their symptoms of somatization, anxiety, and depression, in adverse times like a pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"320-329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to \"Letter to the Editor: Hearing loss and depression - Comprehensive community support\".","authors":"Yunfei Tan, Lili Fang, Yichen Zhu, Kenji Hashimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"348-349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}