Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on neuropeptide Y plasma levels in stressed individuals.","authors":"Helle Degnbol Østergaard, Karen Johanne Pallesen, Marit Nyholm Nielsen, Lone Fjorback, Lise Juul, Michael Winterdahl","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical studies have suggested that dysregulation of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) system may play a role in psychiatric disorders, including chronic stress. Meanwhile, Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has shown promise for stress-related maladies. However, no studies have explored whether MBSR can change plasma NPY concentration in stressed individuals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Individuals with symptoms of chronic stress were randomly assigned to eight weeks of either MBSR (n = 15), a locally-developed stress reduction intervention (LSR) (n = 15) or a wait-list control group (n = 20). Blood samples were collected at baseline and at a twelve-week follow-up to determine the effects of MBSR or LSR compared to the wait-list control group on NPY levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MBSR group had increased plasma NPY levels after the program compared to the waitlist control group, whereas the LSR group was not statistically different from the other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study provides evidence of the feasibility of MBSR to alter plasma NPY.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"400-404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting mental health treatment outcomes using latent growth mixture models and machine learning in a real-world clinical setting.","authors":"Lee Lancashire, Steven Lancaster, David Linkh, Anthony Hassan, Magali Haas, Allyson Gage","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous models of depression outcomes have been limited by symptom heterogeneity within populations. This study conducted a retrospective analysis using latent growth mixture models to identify heterogeneous trajectories within a clinical population, subsequently developing machine learning models to predict clinical outcomes based on baseline characteristics and symptom measures. The study analyzed approximately 15,000 clients aged 18-89 in a real-world clinical setting, treated for up to 180-days between 2015 and 2020. Three distinct groups were identified: Low-Low (stable low scores), High-Low (improving scores), and High-High (stable high scores), representing 56%, 18%, and 26% of the cohort, respectively. Significant differences were observed in baseline factors and outcome assessments across these groups. The machine learning model demonstrated balanced accuracies of 0.67-0.93, and ROC-AUC values between 0.87 and 0.97 in predicting group membership from baseline data. Key predictors included baseline PHQ-9 scores, sex, age, and PTSD diagnosis. Prospective application of the model accurately categorized new client data, aligning predictions with observed outcomes. The study highlights the potential of machine learning in clinical settings to predict client outcomes, offering valuable insights based on initial data, potentially enhancing treatment personalization and efficacy. Further research should explore the impact of individual treatment modalities to validate the model's clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"509-516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative memory bias predicts change in psychiatric problems in a naturalistic psychiatric patient sample.","authors":"Pascal Fleurkens, Mike Rinck, Indira Tendolkar, Bauke Koekkoek, William J Burk, Agnes van Minnen, Janna N Vrijsen","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-referential negative memory bias contributes to depression and other psychiatric disorders. Co-morbidity between these disorders is highly common in clinical practice, but transdiagnostic predictors like negative memory bias are not well understood yet. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of negative memory bias for long-term change in broad psychiatric problems. In a naturalistic psychiatric patient sample (N = 202), using a prospective design, we examined the predictive value of negative memory bias (Self-Referent Encoding Task, SRET) for change in psychiatric problems (Outcome Questionnaire-45, OQ-45) after one, two, three, and four years. More negative memory bias predicted more psychiatric problems three and four years later, even when controlling for baseline psychiatric problems and depression. Memory bias might be a transdiagnostic predictor of change in psychiatric problems. Including such neuropsychological measures in diagnostics and symptom course prediction may improve psychological interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"523-527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated mortality risks associated with late diagnosis of cancer in individuals with psychiatric disorders?","authors":"S Burato, A D'Aietti, A Paci, L Pellegrini, G Di Salvo, C Sindici, C Dellach, S Negro, U Albert","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Considering the elevated cancer mortality in individuals with psychiatric conditions, possibly associated with late diagnosis, this study investigated cancer screening participation rates among patients under the care of four Trieste community mental health centers (CMHCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 1252 individuals with psychiatric disorders, retrieving their electronic health records up to December 2019. The study assessed participation rates in breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening programs. We explored differences in demographic and clinical characteristics of participants versus non-participants in screening programs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with psychiatric conditions had lower screening participation rates compared to the general population of Trieste. The rates for breast and cervical cancers were approximately one-third lower, whereas the rate for colorectal cancer was halved. Psychiatric diagnosis influenced participation in breast cancer screening, with patients having anxiety disorders more likely to participate than those suffering from schizophrenia or disorders of adult personality and behavior. Age, nationality, marital status, employment status, and living situation all affected adherence to cervical cancer screening. Individuals who participated more frequently were in the 35-54 age range, of Italian nationality, employed, and had a family of their own. Conversely, non-participants were more likely to be widowed or unmarried. Finally, among patients eligible for colorectal cancer screening, those who participated were more likely to have a family of their own and have a diagnosis of affective or anxiety disorders, while those who did not adhere to the programs were more commonly widowed and had a higher frequency of diagnosis of schizophrenia or disorders of adult personality and behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mental health services should focus on increasing patients' participation in cancer screening programs in order to improve their physical health and reduce mortality. This intervention could contribute to promoting equitable access to preventative care and to bridging the gap between mental health and general medical services.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"547-552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants monotherapy for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Meng Dong, Chang Liu, Haiyan Luo, Dongyun Su, Gongbo Li, Fenghua Xu, Min Song, Yuqing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common and difficult to manage. Although experimental data suggest that antidepressants may reduce BPSD, the results are inconclusive. To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants monotherapy for treating BPSD. We searched 10 cross-disciplinary electronic databases from inception to October 2023.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing antidepressants versus placebo for treating BPSD were included. The primary outcome was change in total neuropsychiatric symptom scale scores. Secondary outcomes included changes on agitation and psychosis subscale scores, change in total score of Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Tolerability outcomes included incidences and discontinuations due to adverse events. Finally, 8 RCTs including 676 patients were identified. We found a small beneficial effect of antidepressants on overall BPSD However, when trials with potential high-dose citalopram were excluded, no improvement was observed. No significant effects were detected on agitation and cognition. Currently there is no clear evidence of a beneficial effect of currently available antidepressants on overall BPSD and in particular agitation. Notably, clinician should be cautious of the potential risk of arrhythmias, dizziness and diarrhea when prescribing an antidepressant.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"417-424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of five traditional Chinese medicine exercises on insomnia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Liang Li, Jiuzhu Liang, Tonggang Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insomnia has become a significant public health issue. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) exercises are used in the treatment of insomnia. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of five TCM exercise regimens (yijinjing, wuqinxi, liuzijue, baduanjin, and taijiquan) as an intervention for insomnia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We searched six databases-China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science-for relevant articles, published in English or Chinese, from their inception till April 2024. Data from the included literature were analyzed and evaluated using a network meta-analysis of random effects with a frequency-based framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 50 papers were included, comprising 4226 patients with insomnia. The results of the direct comparison of the five TCM exercises (yijinjing, wuqinxi, liuzijue, baduanjin, and taijiquan) with the control group indicated that all five TCM exercises were able to improve insomnia (p < 0.05). In the indirect comparison between the five TCM exercises, there was a significant difference between liuzijue and wuqinxi (p < 0.05), and taijiquan (p < 0.05). We used the areas under the receiver operating curves to rank the effectiveness of the five TCM exercises in treating insomnia as follows: liuzijue (Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking Curve, SUCRA = 96.4%) > yijinjing (SUCRA = 72.6%) > baduanjin (SUCRA = 55.1%) > taijiquan (45%) > wuqinxi (SUCRA = 30.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The studied TCM exercises can be used as an effective treatment for insomnia, and liuzijue is the most effective of the studied options.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"312-319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and determinants of time spent in the emergency department among Australian hospital presenting self-harm cases.","authors":"Swikar Poudel, Sandro Sperandei, Andrew Page, Arianne Reis, Yi Guo, Sithum Munasinghe, Kathryn Worne, Rowena Saheb, Vlasios Brakoulias","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Waiting time (WT) and length of stay (LOS) are important metrics used to assess service delivery in emergency departments (EDs), and have been associated with subsequent re-presentations in EDs. This study investigated socio-demographic and health service determinants of WT and LOS among hospital treated self-harm (SH) cases presenting to EDs in Australian based hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a retrospective cohort study of all SH cases (N = 6203) presenting to public hospital EDs in the Western Sydney catchment area from January 2016 to December 2022. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyse demographic and service factors related to WT and LOS in Australian hospitals along with a description of secular trends in WT and LOS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Longer WT was evident for patients aged 15-64 than 0-14 years, non-admitted patients and patients arriving at the ED via transport other than ambulance whereas longer LOS was associated with older patients (65+ years). The inflow of non-SH cases to the ED did not have an impact on WT or LOS among SH cases. WT and LOS increased over time, particularly post the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of current self-harm cases receiving treatment in ED at the time of patient's arrival also increased WT and LOS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WT and LOS have increased, especially post the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings necessitate the urgent need for updated strategies to manage ED resources, and suggest initiatives relating to ED diversion where appropriate for patients presenting to hospital following SH.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"365-372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between demographic factors and brain hierarchical changes following antidepressant treatment in patients remitted from depression.","authors":"Li Xue, Huan Wang, Xinyi Wang, Junneng Shao, Yurong Sun, Rongxin Zhu, Zhijian Yao, Qing Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the associations between demographic factors and brain hierarchical changes following successful selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment, 57 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients who achieved remission after a 12-week SSRI treatment and 39 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. MDD patients underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans before treatment and after the 12-week SSRI treatment. Depression severity was evaluated with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) using the total score and the subscales: retardation, cognitive impairment, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. All HCs also underwent DTI scans after enrollment. Building on gradient mapping techniques, we developed a set of measures to quantify the dispersion within functional communities and also studied demographic-relevant differences in the three-dimensional gradient space of remitted MDD patients. We defined the Z-scores of the gradients in the pre-treatment group relative to the HC group as the disease pattern, post-treatment group relative to the HC group as the recovery pattern. The results showed that the disease pattern of depression is associated with age, as older age groups exhibit more severe impairments in depression. A significant difference was detected in the dispersion of the frontoparietal network (FPN) between pre-treatment and post-treatment patients. With the moderating effect of the age of onset, the dispersion of the FPN was related to the improvement in cognitive impairment, the dorsal attention network (DAN) was related to the improvement in retardation symptoms. Our findings help clinicians be alert to the role of demographic effects on clinical efficacy when treating depressed patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"425-432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct white matter abnormalities and cognitive impairments in deficit schizophrenia: A cross-sectional diffusion tensor imaging study.","authors":"Ju Gao, Doudou Yu, Ming Yin, Jin Li, Xiaobin Zhang, Xiaowei Tang, Xiangrong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deficit schizophrenia (DS), characterized by persistent and primary negative symptoms, is considered a promising homogeneous subtype of schizophrenia. According to the disconnection hypothesis, abnormalities in white matter fibers are common in schizophrenia. However, comprehensive measurement of white matter metrics and exploration of the relationships between neuroanatomical changes and cognitive functions in DS patients are still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 35 DS patients, 37 non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS) patients, and 39 healthy controls (HC), all male and matched for age and education level. The tract-based spatial statistics method was performed to detect differences in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) among these three groups. Cognitive function in DS and NDS patients was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Mattis Dementia Rating Scale. Correlation analyses were performed between diffusion metrics in regions showing differences and clinical scales. The results showed significant differences in diffusion metrics (FA, RD, AD, MD) across DS, NDS, and HC groups, particularly in the corpus callosum, corona radiata, and thalamic radiations. Compare to NDS, DS patients exhibited more reductions in FA and increases in RD, especially in the right posterior thalamic radiation and right superior longitudinal fasciculus. Correlation analysis revealed that lower FA in specific regions was linked to worse cognitive and clinical symptoms. These findings reinforce the dysconnectivity hypothesis of schizophrenia and highlight the distinct pathological mechanisms of white matter impairments in DS. Correlations in crucial white matter regions suggest disruptions in thalamo-cortical feedback loops, potentially contributing to the cognitive impairments observed. This provides a deeper understanding of how structural brain changes relate to clinical symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"381-390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The role of the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among depressed adolescents: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study during verbal fluency tasks” [J. Psychiatr. Res. 180 (December 2024), 418–427 / PIAT_6517]","authors":"Ziyang Peng,&nbsp;Dongsheng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"Page 214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}