Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Neurocognitive impairment and functional outcome in cognitive-behavioral social skills training for schizophrenia","authors":"Amber V. Keller ,&nbsp;Kristen Dwyer ,&nbsp;Jason Holden ,&nbsp;Delaney Pickell ,&nbsp;Elizabeth W. Twamley ,&nbsp;Eric Granholm","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neurocognitive impairment is associated with low functional outcome in schizophrenia. Mixed findings exist regarding the impact of neurocognitive impairment on functional improvement following psychosocial treatments. Cognitive-Behavioral Social Skills Training (CBSST) is an intervention aimed at improving functioning. The current study examined whether baseline neurocognitive impairment moderated functional outcome in CBSST relative to a goal-focused supportive contact condition (GFSC).</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This is a secondary analysis of two single-blind, randomized controlled trials conducted in individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (Trial 1: N = 64 (older adults <u>M</u> age = 55.0); Trial 2: N = 149 (<u>M</u> age = 41.4)). Participants received 36 weekly 2-h group sessions of either CBSST or GFSC. CBSST combined cognitive behavioral therapy with social skills training and problem solving to improve functioning. GFSC focused on setting and achieving functioning goals, with minimal therapist guidance. Regression models examined whether multiple domains of baseline neuropsychological impairment moderated functional outcome at 9- or 12- month follow-up in CBSST relative to GFSC.</div></div><div><h3>Study results</h3><div>Executive function impairment, but not any other neuropsychological domain, was a significant moderator of treatment outcome. Lower executive functioning was associated with <em>better</em> functioning at follow-up in CBSST than in GFSC, whereas higher executive functioning was associated with similar functional outcome in CBSST and GFSC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individuals with cognitive impairment can benefit from CBSST and may even benefit more than individuals with intact cognition. The thought challenging, cognitive flexibility and problem-solving skills trained in CBSST may be compensatory for individuals with schizophrenia with executive function deficits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"191 ","pages":"Pages 561-567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritizing brain Metabolism: Evidence from brain temperatures of severe underweight individuals","authors":"Arne Doose ,&nbsp;Friederike I. Tam ,&nbsp;Dominic Arold ,&nbsp;Carolin Kutzke ,&nbsp;Tyler Starr ,&nbsp;Veit Roessner ,&nbsp;Jennifer Linn ,&nbsp;Alexander P. Lin ,&nbsp;Stefan Ehrlich","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Severe and prolonged underweight can lead to a hypometabolic state and hormonal adaptations that reduce body temperature often found in Anorexia Nervosa (AN). However, the effect of these changes on brain temperature remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether brain temperature remains stable despite lower body temperature in a severe underweight state, testing the hypothesis that the brain prioritizes its own energy needs during periods of food deprivation.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We collected magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measurements from 30 female patients with acute Anorexia Nervosa (acAN) in a severe underweight state and 30 age-matched healthy female control participants (HC). MRS allows for a non-invasive assessment of brain temperature by calculating the difference between the temperature-independent peak of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and the temperature-dependent peak of water (H20) in each voxel (Δ_H20-NAA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our results showed no group differences in (Δ_H20-NAA) between acAN and HC. This is supported by Bayesian hypothesis testing, providing strong evidence for the absence of lower brain temperatures in severely underweight states.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results are an indication that in a state of low energy availability, brain metabolism is prioritized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"191 ","pages":"Pages 542-546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schizandrin ameliorates post-traumatic stress disorder-like behaviors via 5-HT1A receptor in mice","authors":"Min Seo Kim ,&nbsp;So-Ri Son ,&nbsp;Ju Eun Han ,&nbsp;Chang Hyeon Kong ,&nbsp;Keontae Park ,&nbsp;Seo Yun Jung ,&nbsp;Dae Sik Jang ,&nbsp;Jong Hoon Ryu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the primary treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), they do not address all aspects of PTSD, highlighting the need for new therapies. Schizandrin, a lignan compound found in <em>Schisandra chinensis,</em> alleviates cognitive dysfunction, depression-like behaviors, and anxiety, suggesting that it may ameliorate PTSD symptoms. However, to date, no studies have explored the effects of schizandrin on PTSD symptoms. In the present study, we investigated whether schizandrin alleviates PTSD-like symptoms and explored its mechanism of action. We used a single prolonged stress (SPS) mouse model, a well-known animal model for simulating PTSD, to observe anti-PTSD activities. Behavioral experiments to evaluate emotional and cognitive impairments, network pharmacology, molecular docking analysis, and western blotting were performed. Schizandrin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) mitigated anxiety-like behavior as measured by the elevated plus-maze test, alleviated depression-like behavior as evaluated by the tail suspension test, and improved cognitive dysfunction as assessed by the Y-maze test. Furthermore, schizandrin reduced acquired fear memory in the SPS mouse model, as examined using the fear extinction test. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses revealed that schizandrin were bound most stably to the 5-HT_1A receptor, a key modulator of fear and stress responses. Finally, we found that schizandrin activated 5-HT_1A receptors and subsequently normalized the PI3K-Akt-mTOR and PKA-CREB signaling pathways in the amygdala of the SPS mouse model. These findings suggest that schizandrin is a potential therapeutic candidate for alleviating the multifaceted symptoms of PTSD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"191 ","pages":"Pages 578-589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and its association with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Aidan McIntyre, Daria Mozafar, Megan Liang, Flavio Kapczinski, Bianca Wollenhaupt-Aguiar","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between bipolar disorder (BD) and levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and its receptors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted for studies analyzing TNF-alpha and its receptors, according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies evaluating protein and gene expression levels in peripheral blood or in postmortem brain tissue were included. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase databases were searched, and a total of 97 studies were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis results showed that levels of TNF-alpha, and soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor receptors 1 and 2 (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) were all elevated in individuals with BD when compared to a healthy control group. Additional analysis for bipolar subgroups revealed an increase in TNF-alpha, sTNFR1, and sTNFR2 levels in individuals with mania, depression, BD type 1 and BD type 2 when compared to healthy controls. In contrast, none were elevated when comparing euthymic individuals and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found increased levels of TNF-alpha, sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 supporting the notion of inflammation playing a major role in BD. The pathophysiological pattern of TNF-alpha and its receptors being significantly increased during mood episodes lends support to increased immune dysregulation in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"191 ","pages":"634-652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering relationships between 24-h rest-activity patterns and immune-metabolic dysfunction in young people with mood disorders.","authors":"Sarah McKenna, Mirim Shin, Shin Ho Park, Alissa Nichles, Natalia Zmicerevska, Connie Janiszewski, Minji Park, Elizabeth Phung, Frank Iorfino, Mathew Varidel, Elizabeth M Scott, Joanne S Carpenter, Jacob J Crouse, Ian B Hickie","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with mood disorders are at increased risk of premature mortality, notably from premature cardiovascular disease. Circadian (and linked 24 h rest-activity) disturbances are highly prevalent among this population and have also been linked to immune-metabolic dysfunction. Currently there is limited understanding of the extent to which these pathophysiological processes co-occur across the various clinical stages of major mood disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>225 young people (67 % female; aged 23.65 ± 5.73 years) recruited from early intervention mental health services were assigned clinically to either Stage 1a or 1b (subthreshold disorders) or Stage 2+ (full threshold disorder) of illness according to the transdiagnostic staging model. We explored relationships between immune-metabolic risk factors (BMI, fasting glucose and insulin, insulin resistance, and CRP) and rest-activity parameters from actigraphy (24 h ambulatory motor activity monitoring) using pairwise correlations, multiple linear regression interaction effects and subgroup analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For all participants, higher intradaily variability (greater rest-activity fragmentation) was associated with higher BMI (r = 0.187, p = 0.043), fasting insulin (r = 0.180, p = 0.031), HOMA2-IR (r = 0.187, p = 0.043), and CRP (r = 0.178, p = 0.032) across all stages of illness. Lower relative amplitude of rest-activity patterns indicating dampened circadian rhythmicity, was associated with higher BMI (β = -33.149, p = 0.013) and CRP (β = -22.042, p = 0.053), only for those in stage 2+ of illness. It was also associated with fasting insulin during stage 1b (β = -10.299, p = 0.044) and stage 2 (β = -10.411, p = 0.037), and with HOMA2-IR at stage 1b (β = -1.133, p = 0.040). Finally, increased moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was associated with lower BMI only for those at Stage 2+ (β = -0.056, p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Objective measures of blunted and fragmented 24 h rest-activity (circadian) rhythms were associated with adverse immune-metabolic outcomes. Stabilization and amplitude-boosting of rest-activity rhythms may be particularly valuable targets for indicated prevention and early intervention of major mood disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"191 ","pages":"691-699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145292562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review on the associations between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and gut microbiome","authors":"Marcela França Dias ,&nbsp;Yago Jean de Almeida Nogueira ,&nbsp;Guilherme Soares de Albuquerque ,&nbsp;Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva ,&nbsp;Débora Marques de Miranda","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition in childhood, and growing evidence suggests a potential link between gut microbiome (GM) and ADHD symptoms via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This systematic review aimed to evaluate current evidence on the associations between human GM and ADHD, addressing microbial composition, diversity measures, and potential pathways through which microbiota could be associated with the symptoms. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Fourteen studies met the eligibility criteria, which focused on original research assessing GM characteristics in individuals with ADHD. Selected articles comprised a total of 1319 participants, 67 % male, from Europe (53 %) and East Asia (47 %), mostly with children and adolescents aged 4–18 years. Alterations in microbial composition were observed among ADHD patients; including higher relative abundance of <em>Agathobacter</em> and <em>Ruminococcus gnavus</em> and decreased <em>Faecalibacterium,</em> identified in different studies. Results regarding alpha- and beta-diversity were inconclusive. There was also evidence of links between GM and inflammatory markers and neurotransmitter-related pathways. Despite current limitations, emerging data suggest that GM may play a role in ADHD pathophysiology, supporting its potential as a target for personalized therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"191 ","pages":"Pages 597-603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing adherence to psychopharmacological medication - the doctors' perspective.","authors":"Michaela Peska, Stefan Artmüller, Max Rothenberg, Dietmar Winkler, Edda Pjrek","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adherence, in contrast to the formerly used term compliance, emphasizes the shared responsibility of physician and patient for treatment success or failure. Non-adherence is a pervasive problem in the treatment of chronic relapsing disorders. Factors that facilitate non-adherence are multifaceted and there is no standard evaluation method. Therefore, a trusting therapeutic relationship is of particular importance when it comes to establishing and fostering adherence, the diagnosis of the reasons for non-adherence and the development of improvement strategies. This work aimed to show which factors physicians who treat patients with psychiatric disorders blame for non-adherent behavior and which improvement strategies they consider appropriate. Based on the results, discrepancies to proven relevant influencing factors and possibly existing differences between the surveyed groups were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To achieve these objectives, a non-interventional, quantitative study design was adopted. Data collection was conducted once by questionnaire primarily in the form of a structured telephone interview with the alternative of completing the questionnaire online. The initial sample consisted of 500 physicians from Austria, of whom 250 were general practitioners and 250 were psychiatrists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 123 respondents participated in the survey (24.6 %), 50 general practitioners (40.7 %) and 73 psychiatrists (59.3 %). No statistically significant differences were found between the responses of the participating general practitioners and psychiatrists. Out of a total of twenty factors, the respondents rated (1) skepticism towards conventional medical treatments and (2) lack of time for patient discussion as most significant for non-adherence and (3) patient motivation, (4) trust in physician and (5) good effect of medication as most favorable for adherence. Respondents favored all ten suggested intervention strategies, especially (6) regular patient-doctor consultation and (7) intensive and extensive information.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The views of general practitioners and specialists were mostly congruent. The results are largely consistent with previous findings on factors influencing adherence and interventions to improve adherence and underline the significance of a trusting therapeutic relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"191 ","pages":"628-633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective study on clozapine-induced blood dyscrasias in the first 20 weeks of therapy","authors":"Mohsin Ali ,&nbsp;Ali Ahsan Mufti ,&nbsp;Abdur Razaq ,&nbsp;Hafeeza Zafar Ali ,&nbsp;Dieter Deforce ,&nbsp;Yannick Gansemans ,&nbsp;Filip Van Nieuwerburgh","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Clozapine (CZP) is not commonly prescribed mainly because of the risk of serious adverse effects, particularly neutropenia. It can also cause blood disorders, ranging from mild to severe, affecting different blood cell types. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of hematological abnormalities in a Pakistani cohort of patients treated with antipsychotics using a comprehensive hematological monitoring program.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 288 patients categorized into three clinical groups based on antipsychotic treatment: Group TA (typical antipsychotics), Group AA (atypical antipsychotics), and Group CZP. During the initial 20-week treatment period, patients were regularly monitored hematological to assess changes in their blood profiles. The occurrence of various hematological abnormalities was investigated and analyzed using statistical models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Blood dyscrasias were observed more frequently in patients in the CZP group than in the other groups. Specifically, neutropenia was seen in a few patients in group CZP. Notably, a positive clinical response to CZP treatment was significantly correlated with transient leukocytosis, transient neutrophilia, and persistent anemia. In contrast, poor clinical response to CZP medication was associated with transient leukopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CZP treatment resulted in more blood disorders than TA or AA treatments. While blood abnormalities were common with CZP, severe neutropenia was rare. Certain blood changes were linked to better treatment outcomes. Therefore, regular blood monitoring is recommended to optimize treatment effectiveness and manage side effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"191 ","pages":"Pages 491-500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive function deficits as risk markers for psychopathology and autism related traits in cornelia de lange and rubinstein-Taybi syndromes.","authors":"Ludovica Giani, Giovanni Michelini, Paola Francesca Ajmone, Simona Scaini, Beatrice Allegri, Antonella Costantino, Paola Vizziello","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.07.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.07.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>There is evidence that executive function (EF) deficits might act as transdiagnostic risk factors for a wide range of psychopathology in typically developmental children. We aim to test the implications of EF deficits on internalizing, externalizing and autistic symptoms in youth with Cornelia de Lange (CdLS) and Rubinstein-Taybi syndromes (RSTS).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 14 patients with CdLS (64 % girls, age = 8.00 ± 4.55) and 15 patients with RSTS (53 % girls, age = 10.27 ± 4.65) recruited through follow-ups. Executive functioning, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and ASD-related traits were assessed with the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Social Communication Questionnaire. Stepwise linear regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inhibition, set-shifting and planning emerged as the most robust EF predictors of clinically relevant emotional and behavioral difficulties in CdLS and RSTS, as well as of the triads of impairments associated with syndromic autism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Being aware of the neuropsychological deficits underneath a broad spectrum of psychological symptoms might foster the setting up of proper rehabilitative programs targeting EF deficits to reduce psychopathology in rare genetic syndromes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"190 ","pages":"181-189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of diagnostic labels in shaping first impressions of individuals with schizophrenia.","authors":"Sarah A Berretta, Lauren Bennett-Leleux, Katherine Albrecht, Amy E Pinkham","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.07.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.07.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnostic disclosure can impact social perceptions during first impressions. We aimed to explore the effect of diagnostic labeling on first impressions of individuals with schizophrenia. In a 2x3 factorial design, we showed 18 videos of individuals with schizophrenia or healthy volunteers paired with three randomly assigned labeling conditions (true label, mislabel, no label) to 222 undergraduate students who rated each video using the First Impressions Scale (FIS). While the main effect of labeling was not significant for any FIS item, individuals with schizophrenia were consistently rated more negatively than healthy volunteers across all FIS items (p < .05), with partial eta-squared effect sizes ranging from small to moderate. Significant interactions between group and labeling conditions were found for attractiveness, willingness to live nearby, and comfort sitting nearby, even after controlling for knowledge about schizophrenia. Relative to the unlabeled condition, when individuals with schizophrenia were mislabeled as healthy, their ratings improved, sometimes reaching the level of correctly labeled healthy individuals. Conversely, accurate diagnostic labeling of schizophrenia further lowered impressions on certain items, particularly those related to social comfort and behavioral intent. These findings suggest that first impressions of individuals with schizophrenia are shaped primarily by nonverbal and behavioral cues that may differ between affected and unaffected individuals but that diagnostic disclosure can also alter some of these impressions by further lowering impressions of individuals with SCZ and incorrectly labeled healthy individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"190 ","pages":"190-198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}