Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Assessing relations between psychological closeness to suicide methods and suicide risk in a community sample: A replication study.","authors":"Megan L Rogers, Erik J Reinbergs, William D Murley","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Approximately 700,000 individuals die from suicide each year, highlighting the need to identify factors that may predict or prevent suicidal behaviors. Previous literature suggests psychological closeness to suicide methods may significantly predict suicidal intent and behaviors, particularly among high-risk populations. However, research has yet to investigate the relationship between psychological closeness to suicide methods and suicide among individuals with lower severity of suicidal ideation and using a set of robust suicide-related covariates. A sample of 315 adults with current suicidal ideation (M_age = 21.12, SD = 12.13, 52% cisgender men, 73% White, 67% heterosexual/straight) were recruited from Prolific to complete an online survey. Results from a hierarchical regression indicated that psychological closeness to suicide methods was uniquely related to suicide risk, above and beyond physical closeness to these methods, sociodemographic characteristics, and other clinical covariates. Our study replicated and extended past findings, further supporting the potential utility of assessing and intervening on psychological closeness to suicide methods in both research and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"253-256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged length of stay among individuals presenting to the emergency department with psychosis: Associations with sociodemographic and visit-level characteristics.","authors":"Elijah E Boliver, Brittany M Gouse, Tithi D Baul, Nandini Agarwal, Amelia C Blanton, Jennifer Lancet, Cindy Xu, Hannah E Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals experiencing psychosis commonly initiate and engage in treatment within an emergency department (ED) setting. Understanding factors contributing to adverse ED experiences is critical for improving psychosis-related treatment. Prolonged ED length of stay (LOS), which can be conversely associated with treatment quality, is not well explored among individuals experiencing psychosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective analysis of 2129 ED visits for psychosis, we examined sociodemographic characteristics associated with prolonged ED LOS. Among these visits, which occurred from March 1, 2019-February 28, 2021, we also examined the risk of physical restraint, parenteral medication administration, disposition to inpatient psychiatric hospitalization, and substance use positivity by prolonged ED LOS status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Females, compared to males, were more likely to have prolonged ED LOS; no other sociodemographic characteristics were significantly associated with prolonged ED LOS. Visits with physical restraint, parenteral medication administration, and disposition to inpatient psychiatric hospitalization had a greater risk of prolonged ED LOS compared to visits without these factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide critical insight on approaches to reduce ED LOS among individuals experiencing psychosis and improve treatment engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"391-397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143039324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive disengagement syndrome: The same as or different from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? An examination based on biochemical parameters.","authors":"Öznur Adıgüzel Akman, Enes Sarıgedik","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the biochemical blood parameters between individuals with Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and to investigate the relationship between vitamin levels and these disorders, as well as their impact on symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 35 patients with ADHD, 35 patients with both ADHD and CDS, and 35 healthy control subjects who presented to the child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic between January 2022 and 2023, matched for age and gender. Children aged 7-15 were included in the study. Participants were administered a sociodemographic data form, DSM-IV Based Screening and Assesment Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders- Parent form (DBSAS-DBD) and the Barkley Child Attention Scale (BCAS). Hemogram parameters, iron, ferritin, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), T3, T4, and vitamin levels (B12, folic acid, vitamin D) were analyzed for all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the participants, 78 (74.3%) were male, and 27 (25.7%) were female. In the analysis, Vitamin B12 and D levels were found to be significantly lower in the ADHD + CDS group compared to both the ADHD group and the control group (p = 0.04; p = 0.03; p = 0.009 p = 0.004 respectively). Hemoglobin levels did not significantly differ between the ADHD + CDS group and the ADHD group, but were significantly higher in the ADHD + CDS group compared to the control group (p = 0.004). Ferritin levels were significantly lower in both the ADHD + CDS group and the ADHD group (p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The significant decrease in vitamin B12 and vitamin D in the CDS + ADHD group may be related to daytime sleepiness and slow cognitive processes in the CDS clinic. Screening for nutritional deficiencies in individuals with CDS may be beneficial for clinical management, and identifying differences in blood parameters of CDS from ADHD will contribute to a better understanding of this clinical condition. This is an exploratory study with a rather small sample size, in which many outcomes were examined. Further studies with larger and more diverse samples will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the biochemical foundations of these two conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"270-276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in iPSC-derived forebrain cortical neurons from ADHD patients.","authors":"Natalie M Walter, Cristine M Yde Ohki, Lukasz Smigielski, Susanne Walitza, Edna Grünblatt","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"257-269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective trauma perception as a Distinctive predictor of somatization and disability during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.","authors":"Shir Mor-Ben-Ishai, Menachem Ben-Ezra, Yaira Hamama-Raz, Elazar Leshem, Yafit Levin","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examines the association between the Subjective Traumatic Outlook (STO), somatization, and physical and mental aspects of disability during wartime in Ukraine. It highlights the STO's role in emphasizing the perceptual component of trauma as a screening tool, distinguishing somatic symptoms alongside physical and psychological disability.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A national sample of 1895 Ukrainians affected by the Russian invasion completed the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), the Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8), the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS), and the STO. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed with STO as the dependent variable, controlling for age, sex, marital status, and ICD-11 PTSD/CPTSD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicate that STO is significantly associated with somatization and all six disability domains. These associations remain robust when controlling for demographic variables and the effects of ICD-11 PTSD/CPTSD symptoms, suggesting that STO independently contributes to these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The STO shows promise as a screening tool for somatization and physical and psychological impairments. This study underscores the importance of evaluating individuals' subjective trauma experiences to better understand the severity of somatic symptoms and impairment during wartime. The findings emphasize the STO's potential as a concise, effective measure for clinicians, particularly in wartime contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"284-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise as a mediator between childhood adversity and psychological distress: Can BDNF moderate the mediating effect?","authors":"Jia Chi Chan, Chih-Ting Lee, Yee-How Say, Yu-Fang Lin, Meng-Che Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse childhood events (ACEs) have been associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders in young adulthood. To identify at-risk individuals and potential strategies to combat the negative impacts of ACE, this study investigated the mediating role of exercise in the relationship between psychological distress and ACEs. Further, we examined the moderating effect of the BDNF polymorphism in the mediation relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (N = 750, Mage = 20.1 years) completed questionnaires assessing ACEs divided into adverse environment (AE) and childhood maltreatment (CM), exercise, and psychological distress. Salivary genomic DNA was used for genotyping. The significance of the moderated mediation model was assessed using bootstrapping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant association between ACEs and psychological distress mediated by exercise. After addition of BDNF polymorphism, we found that the effect of ACEs on psychological distress through exercise was moderated by the BDNF polymorphism (index of moderated mediation = -0.19, [-0.48, -0.04], p-value ≤0.05). Further dividing ACE into AE and CM, the moderated mediation relationship remains significant only with AE (index of moderated mediation = -0.41, [-0.99, -0.10], p-value ≤0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The interaction between BDNF polymorphism and exercise may be a suitable target for interventions in ACEs-experienced individuals for the prevention or reduction of psychological distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"277-283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of emotional faces in clinical and subclinical depression.","authors":"Nathan Ridout, Barbara Dritschel, Hannah Wardall, Richard Day, Ronan O'Carroll","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impaired inhibition of emotional material is an important cognitive component of depression. The current aim was to determine if participants with major depression (MDD) and/or subclinical depression (dysphoria) exhibit impaired inhibition of sad faces on a face-word variant of the Stroop task. Study 1: patients with MDD (n = 28) and healthy controls (n = 32) were presented with positive and negative words superimposed across happy, sad, and neutral faces. Study 2: dysphoric (n = 23) and non-dysphoric (n = 35) participants were presented with positive and negative words superimposed across happy and sad faces (shown upright and inverted). Participants were told to ignore the faces and categorise the words. Patients with MDD experienced greater interference from sad faces than did the controls. Healthy controls experienced greater interference from happy than sad faces, whereas interference levels from happy and sad faces did not differ in patients with MDD. Dysphoric participants experienced greater interference from sad faces than did non-dysphoric participants, and from sad faces than happy. The amount of interference from happy and sad faces did not differ in the non-dysphoric participants. Clinical and subclinical depression are linked to impaired inhibition of sad faces, which might represent a risk factor for depression and a potential target for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"221-234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma exposure as a risk factor of major depressive disorder: A matched case-control study.","authors":"Wenjian Lai, Huimin Zhang, Yingchen Jiang, Xinyu Huang, Yuhua Liao, Jiejing Hao, Yifen Liu, Yan Chen, Wanxin Wang, Lan Guo, Wei-Hong Zhang, Kayla M Teopiz, Roger S McIntyre, Xue Han, Ciyong Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association between childhood trauma (CT), stressful life events (SLE) and the onset and severity of major depressive disorder (MDD) has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to investigate the separate and combined association of CT and SLE with the onset and severity of MDD. A total of 503 patients with MDD and 503 controls were included. The diagnosis of MDD was assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) by trained psychiatrists. Trauma exposure was assessed using the short form of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) and stressful life events screening questionnaire (SLESQ). A series of conditional logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models were performed. The majority of patients with MDD (84.9%) and controls (61.6%) have reported trauma exposure. After adjusting for covariates, exposure to CT or SLE was independently associated with an elevated risk of the onset and severity of MDD. Moreover, a significant additive interaction between CT and SLE on the onset of MDD was observed (relative excess risk due to interactions [RERI] = 6.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19-13.66). MDD patients were more likely to experience both CT and SLE compared with controls (odds ratio [OR] = 10.37, 95% CI = 4.99-21.56). MDD patients with both CT and SLE experience were more like to have more severe depressive symptoms (β = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.02-3.30). These findings underscore the importance of targeted prevention measures addressing the occurrence of CT and SLE to mitigate the risk of MDD development and the severity of depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"204-211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Path analysis of the factors associated with postpartum depression symptoms in postpartum women.","authors":"Yanchi Wang, Huiju Lu, Feng Zhang, Jian Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Postpartum depression (PPD) is widely acknowledged as a significant mental health problem for postpartum women, and several factors have been associated with PPD. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PPD and explore the factors and relationships associated with PPD symptoms in postpartum women using path analysis. Furthermore, a new framework for PPD modeling for postpartum women was introduced.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey of 406 women at 42 days postpartum was conducted to collect the basic postpartum conditions and the factors associated with PPD. Linear regression was used to identify factors associated with PPD, and path analysis was used to explore the relationship between PPD and related factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of PPD symptoms was 18.5% (75/406). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors associated with PPD symptoms in postpartum women included maternal postpartum stress, postpartum anxiety, social support, marital satisfaction, sleep quality, and maternal postnatal attachment (P < 0.05). The constructed path analysis model had good a fit (χ2/DF = 1.779, CFI = 0.998, GFI = 0.997, AGFI = 0.965, NFI = 0.995, IFI = 0.998, and RMSEA = 0.044). The path analysis revealed that postpartum anxiety exhibited only a direct effect on PPD (effect value: 0.243). Sleep quality was the factor that most affected PPD symptoms, followed by maternal postnatal attachment, postpartum stress, social support, postpartum anxiety, and marital satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings show that interventions targeting enhanced maternal postnatal attachment, improved sleep quality, strengthened social support, better marital relationships, as well as reduced postpartum stress and anxiety, can effectively alleviate PPD symptoms. The direct and indirect effects of these factors on PPD highlight its complexity and the significance of a multifaceted prevention and treatment approach. Our study deepens the understanding of the intricate relationships between psychosocial factors and PPD, providing insights for potential intervention targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"195-203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding maladaptive daydreaming from the attachment framework: The intertwining roles of parental care, unresolved attachment, depression/anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.","authors":"Micol Gemignani, Elisa Mancinelli, Tommaso Manari, Giulia Gagliardini, Giulia Bassi, Ilaria Chirico, Giulia Gizzi, Giulia Landi, Maria Luisa Pistorio, Virginia Pupi, Eleonora Volpato, Tania Moretta, Alessandro Musetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maladaptive Daydreaming (MD) is an excessive absorption in vivid fantasies interfering with individuals' daily functioning, which has been associated with adverse psychological outcomes and adult attachment insecurities. However, no study to date has addressed the relationships between MD, parental care, unresolved attachment, and psychological symptoms (depression/anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder; OCD) in a sample of young adults. In this study, 1295 young adults (401 males) completed an online survey including the Parental Bonding Instrument, Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale, Adult Unresolved Attachment Questionnaire, and the DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure. The results evidenced the differential contribution of maternal and paternal care on individuals' psychological symptoms; whilst higher maternal care was negatively related to OCD symptoms, higher paternal care was negatively linked to depression/anxiety symptoms. A relationship between unresolved attachment, MD and psychopathological symptoms emerged; specifically, MD mediated the relationships between unresolved attachment and depression/anxiety and OCD symptoms. Overall, paternal and maternal care may have distinct roles in predicting individuals' psychopathological outcomes. In the presence of unresolved attachment, MD may represent a dissociative response that allows individuals to deal with negative experiences through psychopathological symptoms. Understanding the specific pathways that lead to different psychopathological outcomes could have important implications in developing preventive clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"290-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}