Journal of Phytopathology最新文献

{"title":"Plant Leaf Disease Classification in Precision Farming With Hybrid Classifier: Colour, Deep and Pattern-Based Feature Descriptors","authors":"Mukesh Kumar Tripathi,&nbsp;Madugundu Neelakantappa,&nbsp;Talla Prashanthi,&nbsp;Chudaman Devidasrao Sukte,&nbsp;Deshmukh Dilip Pandurang,&nbsp;Nilesh P. Bhosle","doi":"10.1111/jph.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the agricultural sector, pesticides are used to prevent disease transmission and protect crop yields. However, due to the diverse range of diseases, the human observation can often lead to misidentification. It is essential for a timely and precise disease classification approach without human intervention. Classifying the plant leaf diseases with an automated system is the significant need in this scenario. In this work, a hybrid classification model for the categorisation of plant leaf diseases is presented. Preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification of leaf diseases are the four steps in this method. In this work, crops such as grapes and mango are considered. Primarily, preprocessing the input image by utilising Gaussian filtering methods, which enhances the quality of image. The filtered image is then put through a segmentation process using the MBIRCH framework. The segmented image is then used to extract a number of features, including GLCM, ILGBHS, colour, shape and deep features using the VGG16 and AlexNet networks. Following the procedure, the hybrid model—which combines Bi-GRU and DCNN with TL—is applied to the acquired features, and the final classified result is determined by the enhanced fusion score method.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inheritance of Genetic Resistance to Anthracnose in Lima Beans: Analysis and Implications for Breeding","authors":"Marilha Vieira de Brito,&nbsp;Kathully Karolaine Brito Torres,&nbsp;João Vitor Morais Sousa,&nbsp;Giovana Bezerra França,&nbsp;Marcones Ferreira Costa,&nbsp;Guilherme Alexandre Luz da Costa,&nbsp;Gerson Nascimento Costa Ferreira,&nbsp;Verônica Brito da Silva,&nbsp;Gisele Holanda de Sá,&nbsp;Ângela Celis de Almeida Lopes,&nbsp;Maruzanete Pereira de Melo,&nbsp;Regina Lucia Ferreira Gomes","doi":"10.1111/jph.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lima bean (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i> L.) is a crop of notable agricultural importance. However, its production is severely affected by anthracnose, a disease caused by the fungus <i>Colletotrichum truncatum</i>. This study aimed to investigate the genetic inheritance of anthracnose resistance in lima beans to support breeding efforts. Segregating populations (F₁ and F₂) derived from crosses between resistant and susceptible genotypes were used. All plants with their first pair of developed leaves were inoculated with a conidia suspension of the CT4 isolate of <i>C. truncatum</i> (10⁶ conidia/mL) to study their inheritance. Phenotypic data were collected and analysed to identify inheritance patterns and resistance loci. According to the chi-square (χ²) test, the segregating ratio of 1:0 (resistant:susceptible) was accepted for the F₁ generation, and the ratio of 3:1 (resistant:susceptible) was accepted in the F₂ generation. These results indicate that resistance to <i>C. truncatum</i> in lima beans is conditioned by a single gene, showing evidence of dominant monogenic inheritance. The results offer pathways to develop resistant cultivars, improving crop productivity and sustainability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Genomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Two Colletotrichum scovillei Strains Revealed Genes Involved in Pathogenicity on Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)","authors":"Jiayu Wei,&nbsp;Yue Li,&nbsp;Jubin Wang,&nbsp;Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Yuguang Qiu,&nbsp;Zhencheng Xu,&nbsp;Xin He,&nbsp;Ning Li,&nbsp;Minghua Yao,&nbsp;Feng Li,&nbsp;Yingtian Deng","doi":"10.1111/jph.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Colletotrichum scovillei</i> causes anthracnose in chilli pepper worldwide, which is one of the most serious diseases affecting the production of pepper fruits. Although there are several studies on the <i>Colletotrichum</i> disease genes identified, there are still gaps in the understanding of the pathogenic genes and pathogenic mechanisms of <i>Colletotrichum</i>. In this study, two <i>Colletotrichum</i> strains, <i>C. scovillei</i> (<i>Colletotrichum scovillei</i>) C1 and <i>C. scovillei</i> CD showed different virulence against chill pepper, with <i>C. scovillei</i> C1 having a marked virulence defect compared to <i>C. scovillei</i> CD. To explore the genetic variation between the two strains, comparative genomic and transcriptome analyses were conducted to reveal the functional genes associated with the virulence. At the genome level, <i>C. scovillei</i> C1 was found to have a number of structural variation (SVs), insertion and deletion (InDels) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) compared with <i>C. scovillei</i> CD. Analysis of DEGs (differentially expressed genes) between <i>C. scovillei</i> C1 and <i>C. scovillei</i> CD at the transcriptome level revealed 106 DEGs, including three upregulated effectors in <i>C. scovillei</i> CD, which might be the reasons for the high virulence of <i>C. scovillei</i> CD. In summary, our study revealed the genomic and transcriptomic mechanism involved in <i>C. scovillei</i> virulence in pepper, which contributes to the understanding of pepper anthracnose pathogenicity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Brown Spot Disease on Seed Health, Quality and Transmission in Paddy","authors":"Niranjan Prasad,&nbsp;Anand Theerthagiri,&nbsp;Raja Karuppannan,&nbsp;Umarani Ranganathan,&nbsp;Pankaj Sharma","doi":"10.1111/jph.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brown spot disease, caused by <i>Bipolaris oryzae</i>, poses a significant threat to rice production, affecting both yield and quality. The present study aimed to investigate the major mycoflora associated with seeds of 11 paddy varieties and the effects of <i>B. oryzae</i> on seed health and quality, encompassing morphological characterisation, location and transmission studies and assessing seed infection under hydropriming and pregermination conditions. The results revealed that the major fungi associated with paddy seeds were <i>B. oryzae</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i> spp., <i>Fusarium</i> sp., <i>Curvularia</i> sp., <i>Trichoconiella padwickii</i> and <i>Rhizopus</i> sp. Among these, <i>B. oryzae</i> was the predominant fungus observed in all 11 rice varieties with the maximum seed infection. Studies on the cultural and morphological variations among the 11 isolates from <i>B. oryzae</i> revealed that they had diverse colony colour, growth patterns and conidial characteristics. Brown spot diseased seeds showed a substantial decline in germination (%) and seedling vigour with ADT (Aduthurai) 46 rice variety showing highest reduction in germination (47%), followed by ADT 42 (54%) compared to healthy seeds. Furthermore, brown spot infection was prevalent across all seed components tested—lemma, palea, endosperm and embryo at varying rates—, highlighting the comprehensive nature of the disease's impact on the seed structure. Disease progression studies using different methods revealed varying infection rates, with the test tube agar method demonstrating the highest assessment rates (44%–65%), followed by the blotter method (40%–46%) and sand method (18%–38%). Furthermore, lower brown spot pathogen infection from the seedling emerged after 30 days of sowing and was observed when diseased seeds were exposed to hydropriming conditions compared to pregerminated and untreated conditions. This study sheds light on the intricate dynamics of brown spot disease in rice which has negative impact on seed health, germination rate and, ultimately, rice productivity and quality.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Plant Species Using Convolutional Neural Network with Transfer Learning","authors":"Anupama Arun,&nbsp;Sanjeev Sharma,&nbsp;Bhupendra Singh,&nbsp;Tanmoy Hazra","doi":"10.1111/jph.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plants are the building blocks of nature and human beings. However, the excessive explosion of population and climate changes, some plants are extinct, and some are on the corner of extinction. Additionally, numerous species remain unexplored till now. Exploring the species in the traditional way are labor-intensive, time-consuming and require specialised expertise. So, it is a very challenging task. To overcome these challenges, various state-of-the-art approaches have been proposed. These approaches often face significant limitations related to accuracy, training and testing processes. This paper proposed a novel approach to species identification leveraging deep learning techniques, employing a weighted average methodology. The proposed approach utilises well known publicly available datasets like Malayakew (MK) and Leafsnap, to evaluate <i>F</i>1 score, recall, accuracy, and precision. In proposed approach we utilised pretrained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transfer Learning (TL) to enhance performance. Specifically, architectures such as NASNet, DenseNet121, ResNet50V2, Xception, VGG19 and VGG16 were employed in the experimental study. The proposed approach achieved an <i>F</i>1 score of 99.9%, recall of 100%, accuracy of 100% and precision of 100% on the MK dataset. On the Leafsnap dataset, the suggested approach achieved an <i>F</i>1 score of 94%, recall of 94%, accuracy of 93.5% and precision of 94%. These results demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art works, offering a robust and efficient solution for species identification across diverse datasets.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAS9 Mediated In-Planta Defence Strategy Against Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV) in Tomato","authors":"Muhammad Ayyaz Ali,&nbsp;Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan,&nbsp;Habiba Naz,&nbsp;Muniba Abid Munir Malik,&nbsp;Umer Rashid,&nbsp;Naeem Mahmood Ashraf,&nbsp;Amber Afroz,&nbsp;Muhammad Shafiq,&nbsp;Abdul Qayyum Rao","doi":"10.1111/jph.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), a begomovirus, that causes severe leaf curling, stunting, and reduced yield in tomato plants is consistently threatening its production worldwide. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing has shown immense potential in developing disease-resistant crops. This study successfully focuses on designing a precise and efficient strategy for in planta defence against ToLCNDV. Five key targets within the viral genome, essential for its replication and pathogenicity, were selected. Five Cas9-expressing constructs, along with the ToLCNDV infectious clone, were agroinfiltrated into tomato plants. Three constructs effectively disrupted the ToLCNDV genome. These three constructs, 1T, 2T, and 4T, were shortlisted based on symptom severity level. They showed a relatively low viral titre of 0.5, 0.42, and 0.25 through quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) after 3, 6, and 9 days of post-co-infiltration, respectively. Positive control plants showed significant signs of infection like yellowing of leaves, thickening of veins, and majorly upward curling of leaves. In comparison, plants infiltrated with three Cas9 constructs had mild yellowing of leaves that recovered after approximately 21-dpi. Furthermore, we assessed the agronomic performance of Cas9-mediated tomato plants through in planta <i>Agrobacterium-</i>mediated transformation with three short-listed guided RNA (gRNA) constructs under greenhouse conditions. Also, qPCR analysis of Cas9 protein in 7, 14, and 21-day of intervals gave a relative expression of 0.85, 0.76 and 0.51 respectively in genetically engineered (GE) plants through in planta transformation. In conclusion, this research contributes to CRISPR-Cas9-mediated plant genome editing. Our findings substantiate the efficacy of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in achieving durable engineering of resistance against ToLCNDV with 30% transformation efficiency in tomato plant. Furthermore, this study illuminates potential avenues for extending the application of this technology to confer resistance against singular and multiple infectious viruses in diverse crop species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Organic-Based Substrate Formulation of Bacillus Strains and Trichoderma asperellum Against Fusarium Wilt of Cashew","authors":"Stanslaus A. Lilai,&nbsp;Juma Hussein,&nbsp;Fortunus A. Kapinga,&nbsp;Wilson A. Nene,&nbsp;Stela G. Temu,&nbsp;Donatha D. Tibuhwa","doi":"10.1111/jph.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biological control has emerged as a leading approach in managing crop diseases including Fusarium wilt of cashew caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f.sp. <i>anacardi</i>. However, this approach is limited by the high cost of commercially available growth media and ultimately lacks applications at the farmer's level. The study examined three organic-based substrate formulations (rice bran, rice husk and their combination) of four combined <i>Bacillus</i> strains (<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> 4/5021 and <i>Bacillus velenzesis</i> 10/5140, 11/A + 1 and 13/A + 3) or <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> to control the disease. The experiments were conducted in farmers' fields in 2021/2022 and 2022/2023. The treatments were applied once during the rainy season by soil drenching at a rate of 20 mL of bioformulation per litre of water around each tree. The results revealed that the treated cashew trees had significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) lower final disease severity (between 15.17% and 33.75% in 2021/2022 and 14.43%–31.93% in 2022/2023) than the untreated trees (77.17% and 89.31%, respectively). The only treatment that was not significantly different from the control was the rice husk–<i>T. asperellum</i> formulation in both years. In treated plots, disease severity decreased over time each year, whereas disease severity increased in untreated trees. Based on these results, the three formulations of <i>Bacillus</i> strains and two of the <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> formulations (bran-based or bran–husk combination) should be evaluated further for the management of Fusarium wilt of cashew. This study offers a potential solution to utilise locally available organic substrates for developing liquid-based formulations of biological control agents.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical Distribution, Habitat Suitability and Epidemiological Factors of Tef Head Smudge Disease in the Western Amhara Region, Ethiopia","authors":"Melkamu Birhanie,&nbsp;Girmay Dires","doi":"10.1111/jph.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tef head smudge (<i>Curvularia miyakei</i>) is an economically important plant disease in the warm-humid regions of the Western Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the geographical distribution, habitat suitability and epidemiological factors influencing the incidence and severity of Tef head smudge disease. The result of the study depicted that Tef head smudge disease is widely distributed across the region at varying levels of incidence and severity. Sowing date, soil type, altitude and growth stage are the key epidemiological factors contributing to the variability in the incidence and severity of Tef head smudge disease. Moreover, isothermally, temperature seasonality and minimum temperature of the coldest month bioclimatic variables significantly influenced Tef head smudge disease dynamics. Our study also predicted the current habitat suitability of Tef head smudge disease using the MaxEnt (maximum entropy) species distribution model. The model was good in predicting Tef head smudge disease with an AUC (area under the Receiver Operating Curve) of 0.85. According to the model, 31.18%, 44.46% and 14.33% of the areas have highly suitable, moderately suitable and low suitable suitability respectively, whereas 10.03% of the areas have unsuitable suitability to Tef head smudge disease. This result underscores that a significant portion of the Western Amhara Region (75.64%) and similar agro-ecologies are at risk of Tef head smudge disease outbreaks. Therefore, it is important to implement targeted breeding programs and disease management strategies to ensure food security in regions where tef is a primary food source and Tef head smudge is prevalent.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azelaic Acid Induces Resistance in Coffea arabica Against Infection by Hemileia vastatrix, the Causal Agent of Coffee Leaf Rust","authors":"Verônica Vieira Brás,&nbsp;Leandro Castro Silva,&nbsp;Bruno Nascimento Silva,&nbsp;Luis Felipe Lata-Tenesaca,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Souza,&nbsp;Fabrício Ávila Rodrigues","doi":"10.1111/jph.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coffee leaf rust (CLR), caused by the fungus <i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>, is a very devastating disease affecting coffee production in many countries worldwide and causing yield losses that range from 15% to 50%. High CLR intensity on coffee trees impairs photosynthesis and causes intense defoliation resulting in fewer and smaller fruit berries on trees. New control methods for CLR that will reduce the use of fungicides and production costs need to be investigated and used in an integrated disease management program. In this study, it was hypothesised that azelaic acid (AzA), a C9 dicarboxylic acid (oxylipin) known to be involved in systemic acquired resistance, could boost defence reactions on the leaves of coffee (<i>Coffea arabica</i>, cultivar Catuaí Vermelho—IAC44) against infection by <i>H. vastatrix</i>. In the in vitro assay, urediniospores germination was significantly reduced (81%–86%) by AzA with concentrations from 1 to 20 mM. Fungal sporulation was much more intense on the leaves from water-sprayed plants compared to leaves from AzA-sprayed plants at both 22 and 30 days after inoculation (dai). The area under CLR progress curve and the intensity of fungal sporulation were significantly lower by 82% and 83%, respectively, and the incubation period was higher by 31% for AzA-sprayed plants compared to water-sprayed ones. The AzA-sprayed plants infected by <i>H. vastatrix</i> displayed less photosynthetic impairments considering the greater values for rate of net CO₂ assimilation, internal CO₂ concentration, transpiration rate, and maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II compared to water-sprayed and infected ones. On top of that, these plants displayed higher concentrations of chlorophyll <i>a</i> + <i>b</i> and carotenoids and a more robust antioxidative metabolism (increased ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase activities at 12 dai). Interestingly, activities of chitinase, <i>β</i>-1,3-glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase were lower for AzA-sprayed plants as a result of reduced colonisation and sporulation of <i>H. vastatrix</i> in contrast to water-sprayed and infected ones. Higher concentration of superoxide anion radical for AzA-sprayed plants and infected by <i>H. vastatrix</i> at 12, 22, and 30 dai may have helped to reduce the colonisation of coffee leaf tissues by <i>H. vastatrix</i> besides having a citotoxic fungistatic effect against the fungus. These results strongly support the potential of AzA to negatively affect the germination of urediniospores from <i>H. vastatrix</i> as well as to hamper the infection process of <i>H. vastatrix</i> on coffee leaves.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus (GBNV): A New Record for Mungbean in Pakistan","authors":"Khalid Pervaiz Akhtar,&nbsp;Najeeb Ullah,&nbsp;Muhammad Jawad Asghar,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahid","doi":"10.1111/jph.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mungbean is an economically important short-duration traditional pulse crop in Pakistan. During a routine inspection of mungbean fields in the summer of 2018, unusual disease symptoms reminiscent of Tospovirus were observed for the first time. These symptoms include severe leaf chlorosis, necrosis, plant stunting and death. To identify the causal virus, symptomatic fresh leaves were analysed following RT-PCR using GBNV-specific primer pair which resulted in the amplification of ~0.8 kbp fragment specific to <i>CP</i> gene of Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV). A representative amplicon was cloned and sequenced. The analysis of the attained sequence confirmed its high resemblance with GBNV earlier reported from different crops in India. The virus was successfully mechanically inoculated onto the mungbean genotype MH-21006 which produced similar symptoms as observed under field conditions. Under the present study, based on the visual assessment, 132 mungbean advanced genotypes and approved varieties were also evaluated against GBNV under field conditions. Data showed that 122 genotypes were resistant with percent disease index (PDI) value ranging from 1.3% to 9.9% while 10 were tolerant with PDI value ranging from 10.3% to 14.2%. Present findings confirm the first natural association of GBNV with mungbean in Pakistan.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}