Peter Hartmann, Lelde Jansone, Lucas Mahlau, Martin Maier, Verena Lang, Heike Puhlmann
{"title":"Liming leads to changes in the physical properties of acidified forest soils","authors":"Peter Hartmann, Lelde Jansone, Lucas Mahlau, Martin Maier, Verena Lang, Heike Puhlmann","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300055","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jpln.202300055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forest liming is a common practice in many German forests, which aims primarily at improving soil chemical properties that have been negatively impacted by acid rain. Effects on physical functions have not yet been studied widely.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hypothesis of this study is that chemical changes after liming lead to changes in the physical properties of the humus layer and mineral soil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We studied soil physical characteristics (water retention characteristics, air and water permeabilities, and conductivities) of limed and adjacent control plots of sandy to loamy, acidified soils under spruce and beech-dominated stands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found differences between limed and control plots, especially in the humus layer and mineral top soil. Here, air capacity values (representing air-filled macropores at −6 kPa) have experienced an increase, while available water capacities (representing the sum of dewatered mesopores between −6 and −1500 kPa) were reduced to a variable extent. These changes in pore size distributions affected gas diffusion as well as gas permeability positively. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was not affected. Below the top mineral soil, a tendency to a reduced macroporosity and gas permeability was observed, but no clear changes were detected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Small but significant changes of soil physical properties and functions in the humus layer and top mineral soil are discussed to be an indirect effect of forest liming. Liming improves pH and nutrient availability, which in turn should have stimulated activity and abundance of soil fauna, especially earthworms. Where observed, their activity could explain the observed changes in soil physical properties. We believe that effects below the top soil might be due to mobilization and translocation of soil particles and a clogging of pores, but these depths were only studied at three plots. Compared to common liming practices, however, the investigated sites are characterized by significantly higher lime applications. The effects on practice liming areas in forestry praxis are therefore likely to be smaller than in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 2","pages":"195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202300055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138573112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Shi, Owen Fenton, S. M. Ashekuzzaman, K. Daly, J. J. Leahy, N. Khalaf, K. Chojnacka, C. Numviyimana, J. Warchoł, M. G. Healy
{"title":"Phosphorus fertiliser equivalent value of dairy processing sludge-derived STRUBIAS products using ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum)","authors":"W. Shi, Owen Fenton, S. M. Ashekuzzaman, K. Daly, J. J. Leahy, N. Khalaf, K. Chojnacka, C. Numviyimana, J. Warchoł, M. G. Healy","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300164","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jpln.202300164","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Struvite, biochar and ash products (collectively known as STRUBIAS) derived from different waste streams are used as fertilisers in agriculture. Raw dairy processing sludge (DPS) shows promise as bio-based fertilisers, but secondary STRUBIAS-derived products need further testing as fertilisers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to calculate the phosphorus mineral fertiliser equivalency (P-MFE) for some STRUBIAS products derived from DPS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne L</i>.) and wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) pot trials were used to determine the P-MFE using the apparent P recovery (APR) method for Fe-DPS and DPS-derived struvites (Struvite 1–4), hydrochars (HC1–3) and ash.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The tested STRUBIAS products can be divided into two groups: (1) a range of products that can (<i>i.e</i>. Struvite 1–3) and (2) cannot (i.e., Struvite 4, HC1–3, ash and Fe-DPS) be considered fertilisers. In the first group, the P-MFE ranged from 66.8% to 76.7% for ryegrass and from 77.9% to 93.5% for spring wheat grain. In the second group, the P-MFE ranged from 7.8% to 58.3% for ryegrass and from −34.5% to −151.3% for spring wheat grain. The negative agronomic effects of some products for wheat grain (struvite and HC) in this study were mainly caused by high Fe content, which could be overcome by improved treatment processes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Future policy and research must be aware that not all the DPS-derived STRUBIAS products are suitable as fertilisers and therefore need to be tested individually.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 2","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202300164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138573114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Derivation of threshold values for the sulfur nutritional status of European silver fir from a cumulative concentration distribution","authors":"Axel Göttlein","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jpln.202300109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For European silver fir (<i>Abies alba</i> (Mill)), reliable threshold values for the sulfur nutritional status are not available. Because European silver fir is an important coniferous tree species in Central Europe and due to the fact that by reduced S emissions, S is becoming a more and more critical nutrient this knowledge gap should be closed. From the interpretation of the cumulative distribution of sulfur concentrations in first-year needles, the respective threshold values for the range of normal nutrition as well as the threshold for deficiency could be derived. When knowing these thresholds also the range of harmonic nutrition, which is the range for the optimal relation of two nutrients, could be calculated. As compared to the very few literature data available and compared to the respective values of the two most important European conifers Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>) and Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i>), the values derived for S nutrition of European silver fir are very reasonable. With respect to the S nutritional thresholds, European silver fir is very close to the values of the other two conifers, whereas the harmonic range of S in relation to N is a bit shifted to higher values indicating that European silver fir has a slightly higher demand for S (in relation to N). There is a certain time lag between the reduction of SO<sub>2</sub> emissions in Europe and the reduction of S concentrations in needles, suggesting that S stored in the soil during periods of high emissions is relevant for S nutrition of trees for a longer period of time.</p>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 2","pages":"177-180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202300109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138546105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuang Chen, Chengwu Dong, Yu Gao, Yajun Li, Yan Shi
{"title":"Effects of nanocarbon and nano-calcium carbonate on soil enzyme activities and soil microbial community in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rhizosphere soil","authors":"Shuang Chen, Chengwu Dong, Yu Gao, Yajun Li, Yan Shi","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300146","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jpln.202300146","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nanofertilisers can enhance the efficiency of nutrient utilization in crop production. Nevertheless, it is unclear how soil microbial and enzyme activities are affected by the application of nanofertilisers to wheat inter-root soil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aims to investigate the influences of nanocarbon (NC) and nano-calcium carbonate (NCC) on soil enzyme activities and microbial community in the open field setting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of nanofertilisers on soil wheat rhizosphere soil were studied through the evaluation of soil microbial quantity, enzyme activity, and microbial diversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings revealed that the combined utilization of nanofertilizers and compound fertilizers (CF) led to an augmentation in the diversity of the soil microbial community. When comparing the effects of 100% composite nanofertilizers (100% CF + 50% NC + 50% NCC) with the control (CK) (100% CF), it was observed that the activities of urease (EC 3.5.1.5), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), sucrase (EC.3.2.1.26), as well as the number of fungi, actinomycetes, and bacteria, increased by 22.4%, 7.7%, 17.8%, 9.3%, 35.9%, 27.7%, and 26.0%, respectively. Similarly, the employment of 70% composite nanofertilizers (70% CF + 35% NC + 35% NCC) also resulted in an enhancement of these aforementioned indicators. The magnitude of increase over the 100% CF was 19.0%, 6.6%, 13.6%, 6.2%, 26.8%, 21.3%, and 23.5%, respectively. Notably, there was no significant difference observed between 100% CF + 50% NC + 50 % NCC and 70% CF + 35% NC + 35% NCC within the 0–35 d after anthesis. Furthermore, both 100% CF + 50% NC + 50% NCC and 70% CF + 35% NC + 35% NCC contributed to an improvement in the species uniformity and operational taxonomic unit abundance of wheat rhizosphere microorganisms, while also increasing the abundance of <i>Proteobacteria</i> and <i>Actinobacteria</i> compared to the CK. The relative abundance of <i>Bacteroidetes</i> and <i>Actinobacteria</i> was found to be elevated in the nanomaterials-treated groups, both at 0–7 d and 14–21 d after anthesis, and positively correlated with soil enzyme activities and soil microbial populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results indicate that the application of composite nanofertilizers can enhance the soil microenvironment in wheat fields, particularly under reduced fertilization conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 5","pages":"639-652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138546288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contents: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 6/2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202370064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202370064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"186 6","pages":"698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202370064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138502880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eva Masson, Claudele Ghotsa Mekontchou, Alain Cogliastro, Daniel Houle, David Rivest
{"title":"Nutritional response of sugar maple seedlings to water stress under highly nitrogen-enriched soil conditions","authors":"Eva Masson, Claudele Ghotsa Mekontchou, Alain Cogliastro, Daniel Houle, David Rivest","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300034","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jpln.202300034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Temperate forests of eastern North America will be increasingly affected by chronic atmospheric nitrogen deposition, elevated temperatures, and drought events that will expose trees to moisture-stressed conditions in non-nitrogen-limited soils. Yet, little is known regarding the response of sugar maple-dominated forests to moisture stress under non-nitrogen-limiting conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this greenhouse study was to analyze the effects of moisture stress on the nutrition and growth of sugar maple seedlings growing on base-poor forest soils that were strongly fertilized with nitrogen.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One-year-old sugar maple seedlings were grown with and without water stress on soils from a sugar maple stand that had been fertilized for 15 years at a rate of 85 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> y<sup>−1</sup>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Decreased moisture availability decreased total, leaf, root and stem biomass, and root/stem ratio. Leaf concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg and root concentrations of K, Ca, and Mg were 6% to 23% significantly lower under stressed versus unstressed conditions despite no changes in N, P, K, and Mg concentrations in the soil. Only soil Ca concentration was negatively affected by the moisture stress treatment. Soil and leaf δ<sup>15</sup>N and the <i>k-factor</i> (i.e., isotopic discrimination effect of <sup>15</sup>N-labeled sources of N between roots and soil) that was used to assess N-use efficiency of sugar maple seedlings did not differ between water stress treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that decreasing root biomass of sugar maple seedlings under moisture stress in non-nitrogen-limiting situations would decrease their ability to take up nutrients that are necessary for growth and induce lower concentrations in leaves and roots. Expected severe drought events could substantially limit nutrient uptake capacity of sugar maple seedlings on sites that are subject to chronic atmospheric N-deposition, which would contribute to dieback in sugar maple stands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 2","pages":"205-214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202300034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138546367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acknowledgment to our reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202370065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202370065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"186 6","pages":"693-695"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138502429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}