Root systems of peanut cultivars respond differently to soil P availability to improve P uptake

IF 2.6 3区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI:10.1002/jpln.202300144

Carlos Felipe dos Santos Cordeiro, Fábio Rafael Echer, Ciro Antonio Rosolem

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is regarded as a crop with high nutrient use efficiency, but there may be differences between cultivars. Furthermore, there is little information on the strategy of peanut cultivars to adapt to soil P availability and to what extent they explore non-labile P pools.

Aims

Our objective was to evaluate growth, root morphology, enzymatic activity in the rhizosphere, and P uptake of peanut cultivars grown under different soil P status.

Methods

The study was conducted in a greenhouse in 6-L pots. Soils with low P (without fertilization) and high P content (with fertilization) and seven peanut cultivars of different origins, different maturation groups, and release years were investigated. Peanut shoot yield, phosphorus uptake, root growth, soil P fractions as well as phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere soil were determined.

Results

In P-deficient soil, a higher dry matter yield was associated with longer root hairs and root length, which resulted in decreased soil non-labile P was observed mainly with cultivars developed in Argentina (ARG-medium-old and ARG-medium-new) and the late maturity Brazilian cultivar (BR I-late new). These cultivars adapted well to P deficiency and were less dependent on labile P. New Brazilian early and medium maturity cultivars developed less, shorter root hairs, and showed low acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere under P deficiency, resulting in lower P uptake and dry matter yield. Under high P availability, new Brazilian cultivars of medium and late maturity showed the highest dry matter yield (9.0 and 9.8 g plant⁻¹, respectively) and longest roots, around 120 m plant⁻¹. High P availability decreased root hairs in all cultivars.

Conclusion

Overall, the adaptation of peanut cultivars to P-deficient soils was lower for the new mid- and early-maturing Brazilian cultivars compared with the Argentinian and old or late-maturing Brazilian cultivars. The main strategies of P-efficient cultivars under low P availability are to increase root length, root hair length, and root hair density.

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花生栽培品种的根系对土壤中 P 的可用性做出不同反应，以提高 P 的吸收率

花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）被认为是一种养分利用效率很高的作物，但不同栽培品种之间可能存在差异。此外，关于花生栽培品种适应土壤钾供应的策略以及它们在多大程度上开发非易失性钾池的信息很少。我们的目标是评估在不同土壤钾状况下种植的花生栽培品种的生长、根系形态、根瘤中的酶活性以及钾吸收情况。研究在温室中的 6 升花盆中进行，调查了低磷土壤（未施肥）和高磷土壤（施肥）以及不同产地、不同成熟组和不同释放年份的 7 个花生栽培品种。在缺磷土壤中，干物质产量较高与根毛和根长较长有关，而根毛和根长较长会导致土壤中的非可吸收磷减少，这主要体现在阿根廷的栽培品种（ARG-medium-old 和 ARG-medium-new）和巴西的晚熟栽培品种（BR I-late-new）上。巴西新的早熟和中熟栽培品种根毛较少、较短，在缺钾时根瘤中的酸性磷酸酶活性较低，导致对钾的吸收和干物质产量较低。在高钾供应条件下，巴西新的中熟和晚熟栽培品种表现出最高的干物质产量（分别为 9.0 克植株-1 和 9.8 克植株-1）和最长的根系（约 120 米植株-1）。总体而言，与阿根廷品种和巴西老品种或晚熟品种相比，巴西新的中熟和早熟品种对缺钾土壤的适应性较低。在低钾供应条件下，钾高效栽培品种的主要策略是增加根长、根毛长度和根毛密度。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Established in 1922, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is an international peer-reviewed journal devoted to cover the entire spectrum of plant nutrition and soil science from different scale units, e.g. agroecosystem to natural systems. With its wide scope and focus on soil-plant interactions, JPNSS is one of the leading journals on this topic. Articles in JPNSS include reviews, high-standard original papers, and short communications and represent challenging research of international significance. The Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science is one of the world’s oldest journals. You can trust in a peer-reviewed journal that has been established in the plant and soil science community for almost 100 years. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (ISSN 1436-8730) is published in six volumes per year, by the German Societies of Plant Nutrition (DGP) and Soil Science (DBG). Furthermore, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is a Cooperating Journal of the International Union of Soil Science (IUSS). The journal is produced by Wiley-VCH. Topical Divisions of the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science that are receiving increasing attention are: JPNSS – Topical Divisions Special timely focus in interdisciplinarity: - sustainability & critical zone science. Soil-Plant Interactions: - rhizosphere science & soil ecology - pollutant cycling & plant-soil protection - land use & climate change. Soil Science: - soil chemistry & soil physics - soil biology & biogeochemistry - soil genesis & mineralogy. Plant Nutrition: - plant nutritional physiology - nutrient dynamics & soil fertility - ecophysiological aspects of plant nutrition.