Journal of Pathogens最新文献_第8页

Analysis of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzyme Genes Responsible for High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance among Enterococcal Isolates. 肠球菌高水平氨基糖苷耐药氨基糖苷修饰酶基因分析。

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-12-24 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3256952

Vishal Shete, Naveen Grover, Mahadevan Kumar

{"title":"Analysis of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzyme Genes Responsible for High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance among Enterococcal Isolates.","authors":"Vishal Shete, Naveen Grover, Mahadevan Kumar","doi":"10.1155/2017/3256952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3256952","url":null,"abstract":"Enzymatic modification results in high-level resistance to aminoglycoside (HLAR), which eliminates the synergistic bactericidal effect of combined exposure to a cell wall-active agent and an aminoglycoside. So aim of the study was to determine prevalence of HLAR enterococcal isolate and to study distribution of aminoglycoside modifying enzyme genes in them. A total of 100 nonrepeat isolates of enterococci from various clinical samples were analyzed. As per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines enterococci were screened for HLAR by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration of all isolates for gentamicin and streptomycin was determined by E-test. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out for HLAR enterococcal isolates to identify aminoglycoside modifying enzymes genes responsible for resistance. 60% isolates were found to be high-level gentamicin resistant (HLGR) whereas 45% isolates were found to be high-level streptomycin resistant (HLSR). By multiplex PCR 80% HLGR isolates carried bifunctional aminoglycoside modifying enzyme gene aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'')-Ia whereas 18 out of 45 high-level streptomycin resistant, that is, 40%, isolates carried aph(3')-IIIa. However, aph(2'')-Ib, aph(2'')-Ic, aph(2'')-Id, and ant(4')-Ia genes which encode other aminoglycosides modifying enzymes were not detected. Bifunctional aminoglycoside modifying enzyme gene aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'')-Ia is the predominant gene responsible for HLAR.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/3256952","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35825156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

A Perspective of the Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Tuberculosis 先天性肺结核的诊断与治疗展望

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-11-24 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8623825

M. Saramba, Dongchi Zhao

{"title":"A Perspective of the Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Tuberculosis","authors":"M. Saramba, Dongchi Zhao","doi":"10.1155/2016/8623825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8623825","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis continues to be a prevalent disease in the world and a global public health issue in many countries. The disease is more complicated in pregnant women because it imperils unborn offspring and results in congenital tuberculosis later if undiagnosed and untreated. Congenital tuberculosis is rare entity and an uncommon disease along with a high mortality rate. Congenital tuberculosis, a severe clinical type of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a serious and fatal disease if left untreated. Our study emphasizes that it is necessary and mandatory to consider congenital tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of neonatal or pulmonary infections in infants, essentially in countries where the incidence of tuberculosis is high burden. Mother to neonatal transmission of disease is well known via transplacental transmission through the umbilical vein to the fetus, through the ingestion of infected amniotic fluid. Early detection is challenging, because of the nonspecific nature of the signs and symptoms in tuberculosis during pregnancy and infancy. The degree of clinical suspicion is the essential component of diagnosis. Furthermore, it generally has a difficult treatment and it should not be delayed while waiting for diagnostic test results. Prompt identification and proper treatment regimens for congenital tuberculosis strongly relate with enhanced outcomes.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/8623825","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64577497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Single and Multiple Respiratory Virus Infections Diagnosed in Croatian Children in Two Respiratory Seasons 克罗地亚儿童在两个呼吸季节诊断的单呼吸道和多重呼吸道病毒感染的病因学和临床特征

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-08-30 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2168780

S. Ljubin-Sternak, Tatjana Marijan, I. Ivković-Jureković, Jasna Čepin-Bogović, A. Gagro, J. Vraneš

{"title":"Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Single and Multiple Respiratory Virus Infections Diagnosed in Croatian Children in Two Respiratory Seasons","authors":"S. Ljubin-Sternak, Tatjana Marijan, I. Ivković-Jureković, Jasna Čepin-Bogović, A. Gagro, J. Vraneš","doi":"10.1155/2016/2168780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2168780","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the causative agent of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in hospitalized children, as well as investigate the characteristics of ARIs with single and multiple virus detection in two respiratory seasons. In 2010 and 2015, nasopharyngeal and pharyngeal swabs from a total of 134 children, admitted to the hospital due to ARI, were tested using multiplex PCR. Viral etiology was established in 81.3% of the patients. Coinfection with two viruses was diagnosed in 27.6% of the patients, and concurrent detection of three or more viruses was diagnosed in 12.8% of the patients. The most commonly diagnosed virus in both seasons combined was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (28.6%), followed by parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) types 1–3 (18.4%), rhinovirus (HRV) (14.3%), human metapneumovirus (10.1%), adenovirus (AdV) (7.1%), influenza viruses types A and B (4.8%), and coronaviruses (4.2%). In 2015, additional pathogens were investigated with the following detection rate: enterovirus (13.2%), bocavirus (HBoV) (10.5%), PIV-4 (2.6%), and parechovirus (1.3%). There were no statistical differences between single and multiple virus infection regarding patients age, localization of infection, and severity of disease (P > 0.05). AdV, HRV, HBoV, and PIVs were significantly more often detected in multiple virus infections compared to the other respiratory viruses (P < 0.001).","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/2168780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64264613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Gynecologic Procedures prior to and during the Utilization of Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review 在使用辅助生殖技术之前和期间的妇科手术抗生素预防:系统综述

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-03-07 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4698314

N. Pereira, A. Hutchinson, J. Lekovich, E. Hobeika, R. Elias

{"title":"Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Gynecologic Procedures prior to and during the Utilization of Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review","authors":"N. Pereira, A. Hutchinson, J. Lekovich, E. Hobeika, R. Elias","doi":"10.1155/2016/4698314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4698314","url":null,"abstract":"The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has increased steadily. There has been a corresponding increase in the number of ART-related procedures such as hysterosalpingography (HSG), saline infusion sonography (SIS), hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, oocyte retrieval, and embryo transfer (ET). While performing these procedures, the abdomen, upper vagina, and endocervix are breached, leading to the possibility of seeding pelvic structures with microorganisms. Antibiotic prophylaxis is therefore important to prevent or treat any procedure-related infections. After careful review of the published literature, it is evident that routine antibiotic prophylaxis is generally not recommended for the majority of ART-related procedures. For transcervical procedures such as HSG, SIS, hysteroscopy, ET, and chromotubation, patients at risk for pelvic infections should be screened and treated prior to the procedure. Patients with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or dilated fallopian tubes are at high risk for postprocedural infections and should be given antibiotic prophylaxis during procedures such as HSG, SIS, or chromotubation. Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended prior to oocyte retrieval in patients with a history of endometriosis, PID, ruptured appendicitis, or multiple prior pelvic surgeries.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/4698314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64393194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 46

Serotyping and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolates from Urinary Tract Infections in Pediatric Population in a Tertiary Care Hospital 某三级医院儿童尿路感染大肠埃希菌的血清分型及药敏模式

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-03-07 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2548517

Shweta Sharma, N. Kaur, S. Malhotra, P. Madan, Wasim Ahmad, C. Hans

{"title":"Serotyping and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolates from Urinary Tract Infections in Pediatric Population in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Shweta Sharma, N. Kaur, S. Malhotra, P. Madan, Wasim Ahmad, C. Hans","doi":"10.1155/2016/2548517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2548517","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pediatric population are associated with high morbidity and long term complications. In recent years, there is increased prevalence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains producing extended spectrum β-lactamase, Amp C, and Metallo β-lactamase, making the clinical management even more difficult. This study was aimed to detect the serotypes and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility profile of E. coli isolates from urine samples of children <10 yrs old. A total of 75 pure E. coli strains isolated from patients with symptoms of UTI and colony count ≥105 organisms/mL were included in the study. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed maximum resistance to nalidixic acid (98.7%), followed by ampicillin (97.3%), amoxi-clavulanate (96%), and fluoroquinolones (92%) while most of the isolates were found sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam (13.3%), nitrofurantoin (5.3%), and meropenem (1.3%). 48% of the strains were ESBL producer (extended spectrum beta lactamase). 44% strains were typable withantisera used in our study and the most common serogroup was O6 (33.3%) followed by O1 (15.1%) and O15 (15.1%). To conclude, judicious use of antibiotics according to hospital antibiotic policy and infection control measures should be implemented to prevent spread of multidrug resistant organisms.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/2548517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64280465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Vancomycin and High Level Aminoglycoside Resistance in Enterococcus spp. in a Tertiary Health Care Centre: A Therapeutic Concern 三级卫生保健中心肠球菌对万古霉素和高水平氨基糖苷的耐药性:一个治疗问题

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-03-07 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8262561

S. Mittal, P. Singla, A. Deep, K. Bala, R. Sikka, Meenu Garg, U. Chaudhary

{"title":"Vancomycin and High Level Aminoglycoside Resistance in Enterococcus spp. in a Tertiary Health Care Centre: A Therapeutic Concern","authors":"S. Mittal, P. Singla, A. Deep, K. Bala, R. Sikka, Meenu Garg, U. Chaudhary","doi":"10.1155/2016/8262561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8262561","url":null,"abstract":"Aims. This study was aimed at knowing the prevalence of vancomycin and high level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococcal strains among clinical samples. Study Design. It was an investigational study. Place and Duration of Study. It was conducted on 100 Enterococcus isolates, in the Department of Microbiology, Pt. BDS PGIMS, Rohtak, over a period of six months from July to December 2014. Methodology. Clinical specimens including urine, pus, blood, semen, vaginal swab, and throat swab were processed and Enterococcus isolates were identified by standard protocols. Antibiotic sensitivity testing of enterococci was performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results. High level gentamicin resistance (HLGR) was more common in urine samples (41.5%) followed by blood (36%) samples. High level streptomycin resistance (HLSR) was more common in pus samples (52.6%) followed by blood samples (36%). Resistance to vancomycin was maximum in blood isolates. Conclusion. Enterococci resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents have been recognized. Thus, it is crucial for laboratories to provide accurate antimicrobial resistance patterns for enterococci so that effective therapy and infection control measures can be initiated.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/8262561","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64558132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Genotype Cluster Analysis in Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates Producing Different CDT Types 产生不同CDT型致病性大肠杆菌分离株的基因型聚类分析

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-03-03 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9237127

M. Javadi, M. Oloomi, S. Bouzari

{"title":"Genotype Cluster Analysis in Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates Producing Different CDT Types","authors":"M. Javadi, M. Oloomi, S. Bouzari","doi":"10.1155/2016/9237127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9237127","url":null,"abstract":"Diarrheagenic and uropathogenic E. coli types are mainly characterized by the expression of distinctive bacterial virulent factors. stx1, stx2 (Shiga toxins), and cdt (cytolethal distending toxin) genes have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Some virulent genes such as espP (serine protease), etpD (part of secretion pathway), and katP (catalase-peroxidase), or sfpA gene (Sfp fimbriae), are on plasmids and the others like fliC (flagellin) and the fimH gene (fimbriae type-I) are located on chromosome. Genomic pathogenicity islands (PAIs) carry some virulent genes such as hly gene. To determine the existence of virulence genes in cdt clinical isolates, genes including stx1, stx2, cdt, hly, espP, katP, sfpA, etpD, fliC, and fimH were assessed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The most prevalent isolates for etpD and katP genes were 85.7% in cdtII. katP gene was also observed 83.3% in cdtI. However, in 42.85% of cdtIII isolates, espP gene was the most detected. Moreover, hly gene was also the most prominent gene in cdtIII (71.42%). sfpA gene was observed in 66.6% of cdtV. stx1 gene was detected in 100% of cdtII, cdtIV, and cdtV types. Presence and pattern of virulence genes were considered among cdt positive isotypes and used for their clustering and profiling.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/9237127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64603521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Genotyping of Cryptosporidium Species and Their Clinical Manifestations in Patients with Renal Transplantation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection 肾移植和人类免疫缺陷病毒感染患者隐孢子虫种类的基因分型及其临床表现

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-02-14 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2623602

Asmita Dey, U. Ghoshal, V. Agarwal, U. Ghoshal

{"title":"Genotyping of Cryptosporidium Species and Their Clinical Manifestations in Patients with Renal Transplantation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection","authors":"Asmita Dey, U. Ghoshal, V. Agarwal, U. Ghoshal","doi":"10.1155/2016/2623602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2623602","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study we aimed to determine (i) frequency of Cryptosporidium species among patients with renal transplantation (RT) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and (ii) relationship of the nature, severity, and duration of symptoms with different species and load of Cryptosporidium. Stool samples from 70 (42 RT and 28 HIV) and 140 immunocompromised patients with and without cryptosporidiosis by modified Kinyoun's staining were subjected to qPCR-melting curve analysis for identification of parasite species. qPCR detected one microscopically negative sample to be positive for cryptosporidiosis. C. hominis, C. parvum, and mixed infection were detected in 50/71 (70.4%), 19/71 (26.8%), and 2/71 (2.8%) patients, respectively. Patients with cryptosporidiosis had higher stool frequency (median, IQR: 4, 3–6/d versus 3, 2–4/d; P = 0.017) and watery stool (52/71 [73%] versus 64/139 [46%]; P = 0.003). Parasite load (median, IQR: Log10 6.37 (5.65–7.12), Log10 5.81 (4.26–6.65); P = 0.046) and nausea/vomiting (29/50 [58%] versus 5/19 [26%]; P = 0.032) were more frequent with C. hominis than with C. parvum infection. Thus, Cryptosporidium spp. (mainly C. hominis) is a common cause of diarrhoea in RT and HIV patients.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/2623602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64287545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Antibiotic-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Increasing Success Remains a Challenge as a Nosocomial Pathogen 耐药鲍曼不动杆菌作为一种医院病原体越来越成功仍然是一个挑战

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-02-04 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7318075

A. M. González-Villoria, Verónica Valverde-Garduño

{"title":"Antibiotic-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Increasing Success Remains a Challenge as a Nosocomial Pathogen","authors":"A. M. González-Villoria, Verónica Valverde-Garduño","doi":"10.1155/2016/7318075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7318075","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic-resistant infectious bacteria currently imply a high risk and therefore constitute a strong challenge when treating patients in hospital settings. Characterization of these species and of particular strains is a priority for the establishment of diagnostic tests and preventive procedures. The relevance of Acinetobacter baumannii as a problematic microorganism in inpatient facilities, particularly intensive care units, has increased over time. This review aims to draw attention to (i) the historical emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, (ii) the current status of surveillance needs in Latin America, and (iii) recent data suggesting that A. baumannii continues to spread and evolve in hospital settings. First, we present synopsis of the series of events leading to the discovery and precise identification of this microorganism in hospital settings. Then key events in the acquisition of antibiotic-resistant genes by this microorganism are summarized, highlighting the race between new antibiotic generation and emergence of A. baumannii resistant strains. Here we review the historical development of this species as an infectious threat, the current state of its distribution, and antibiotic resistance characteristics, and we discuss future prospects for its control.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/7318075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64515094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 100

Multidrug Resistant and Extensively Drug Resistant Bacteria: A Study 多重耐药和广泛耐药细菌的研究

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-28 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4065603

S. Basak, Priyanka Singh, Monali N. Rajurkar

引用次数: 242