Perran A. Ross, Michail C. Tyrilos, Neha Durugkar, Alex Gill, Nadieh de Jonge, Qiong Yang, Xinyue Gu, Ary A. Hoffmann, Torsten N. Kristensen
{"title":"Deleterious effects of the endosymbiont Rickettsiella viridis in Myzus persicae are environmentally dependent","authors":"Perran A. Ross, Michail C. Tyrilos, Neha Durugkar, Alex Gill, Nadieh de Jonge, Qiong Yang, Xinyue Gu, Ary A. Hoffmann, Torsten N. Kristensen","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01786-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01786-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Endosymbionts living within insect cells can modify host fitness and could provide new tools for pest control. The endosymbiont <i>Rickettsiella viridis</i> has been transferred experimentally into the green peach aphid, <i>Myzus persicae,</i> a globally important agricultural pest. This <i>Rickettsiella</i> spreads via vertical and horizontal transmission and induces host fitness costs which could potentially suppress pest populations. Endosymbiont prevalence can fluctuate in natural populations, and it is important to identify factors that contribute to their spread or loss. Here, we explore the effects of <i>Rickettsiella</i> infection when aphids are reared on eight different host plants or exposed to thermal, starvation and desiccation stresses. <i>Rickettsiella</i> infection reduced <i>M. persicae</i> fecundity and longevity across all host plants, but the magnitude of costs varied among host plants and generations. <i>Rickettsiella</i> was horizontally transmitted and spread in caged populations at initial ratios of 1:2 <i>Rickettsiella</i> (+): <i>Rickettsiella</i> (−) on all host plants, but with limited long-term persistence under cycling 20–30 °C. We also identified temperature-dependent costs of <i>Rickettsiella</i> infection on heat knockdown time, chill coma recovery, and starvation tolerance. Finally, we present evidence that <i>Rickettsiella</i> infection reduces host activity levels under heat stress. Our results suggest that <i>Rickettsiella</i> infections induce a variety of deleterious effects but with complex environment-dependent interactions. This work helps understand ecological conditions that enhance or limit the spread of these endosymbionts in aphid populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140845975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel oviposition trap for studying the egg-laying behavior of emerald ash borer","authors":"Jian J. Duan","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01770-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01770-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The emerald ash borer (EAB), <i>Agrilus planipennis</i> Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is one of the most destructive invasive forest pests in North America, where it has killed hundreds of millions of ash (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) trees since its first detection in 2002. Native to Asia, female EAB adults lay their eggs between bark crevices or under loose bark of their host trees. Because of this cryptic egg-laying behavior, field detection of EAB eggs has been extremely difficult, resulting in knowledge gaps of EAB egg-laying behavior. In the present study, I tested the potential use of strips of burlap fabric (0.03 m × 1 m) or polypropylene curling ribbon (0.005 m × 2 m) to induce female EAB adults to lay eggs on the trunks or branches of ash covered with these materials in the field. The burlap trap tested in this study detected more than twice as many EAB eggs (4.9 ± 1.1 eggs per burlap trap) as did the polypropylene ribbon trap (1.9 ± 0.5 eggs per ribbon trap). When the surface area of each trap is standardized to one square meter, however, both burlap fabric and polypropylene ribbon traps are equally effective in inducing female EAB adults to lay eggs onto the covered surface of ash trunks or branches. Potential applications of the oviposition traps for effective detection and control of EAB and other jewel beetles are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140845977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xia Xu, Sana Asghar, Changjiang Hu, Feng-Ling Si, Fei Tao, Bin Chen
{"title":"miRNAs and their regulation in pyrethroid resistance at whole-genome level in the malaria vector Anopheles sinensis","authors":"Xia Xu, Sana Asghar, Changjiang Hu, Feng-Ling Si, Fei Tao, Bin Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01776-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01776-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pyrethroid resistance has become one of the largest obstacles to mosquito control, and <i>Anopheles sinensis</i> is the main malaria vector in China and southeast countries. miRNAs play important roles in many biological processes in insects; however, the diversity and regulation of miRNAs associated with pyrethroid resistance are still little understood at the whole-genome level. This study performed the sequencing and analysis of miRNAs relative to pyrethroid resistance in <i>An. sinensis</i> for the first time, and identified 328 miRNAs, of which 247 are new. A total of 39 miRNAs are identified to be significantly downregulated commonly in all three pyrethroid-resistant populations investigated in comparison to the susceptible strain. There are 7475 genes to be predicted to be targeted by the 39 significantly down-regulated miRNAs, and they were enriched to seven pathways. The regulation of <i>Transferrin</i> by asi-miR-87 was verified using dual-luciferase, and the asi-miR-87 might be involved in P450 pyrethroid detoxification with the affection of iron ion transportation and synthesis through <i>Transferrin</i>. In addition, nine miRNAs were identified to be positively relative to eight genes. This is the first systematic study on the diversity and regulation of miRNAs associated with insecticide resistance at the whole-genome level, and provides an information frame for the understanding of miRNAs and their function in insecticide resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin J. Dodds, Jon Sweeney, Joseph A. Francese, Laura Besana, Davide Rassati
{"title":"Factors affecting catches of bark beetles and woodboring beetles in traps","authors":"Kevin J. Dodds, Jon Sweeney, Joseph A. Francese, Laura Besana, Davide Rassati","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01774-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01774-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of semiochemical-baited traps for detection, monitoring, and sampling bark beetles and woodboring beetles (BBWB) has rapidly increased since the early 2000s. Semiochemical-baited survey traps are used in generic (broad community level) and specific (targeted toward a species or group) surveys to detect nonnative and potentially invasive BBWB, monitor established populations of invasive or damaging native species, and as a tool to survey natural communities for various purposes. Along with expansion in use, much research on ways to improve the efficacy of trapping surveys for the detection of specific pests as well as BBWB in general has been conducted. In this review, we provide information on intrinsic and extrinsic factors and how they influence the efficacy of detecting BBWB in traps. Intrinsic factors, such as trap type and color, and other factors are described, as well as important extrinsic factors such as habitat selection, horizontal and vertical placement, and disturbance. When developing surveys, consideration of these factors should increase the species richness and/or abundance of BBWB captured in traps and increase the probability of detecting nonnative species that may be present. During generic surveys, deploying more than one trap type or color, using an array of lures, and trapping at different vertical and horizontal positions is beneficial and can increase the number of species captured. Specific surveys generally rely on predetermined protocols that provide recommendations on trap type, color, lure, and trap placement.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The cryptic microbiota of plant parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes: diversity, effects on host biology and potential in plant protection","authors":"Laura Cristina Rosso, Paola Lax, Aurelio Ciancio, Mariantonietta Colagiero, Isabella Pentimone","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01783-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01783-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many plant parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes harbor specialized and obligate bacteria as well as viruses. Given their evolutionary persistence, such cryptic species are considered to play effective roles during their host/microbe interactions lifetime, including mutualistic, antagonistic, or yet unknown host effects. To exploit such associations in plant protection, a comprehensive view is needed linking basic evolutionary relationships to applied aspects. This requires identifying the benefit or impact that hosts, acting as pests or biocontrol agents, receive from their endosymbionts. Targeting endosymbionts that are vital for a beneficial nematode or a pest may open novel perspectives for the management of their performance and traits, such as virulence or response to plant defense reactions. Some hypotheses are proposed to develop advanced control strategies through emerging biotechnological approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140651737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization and potential mechanism of resistance to double-stranded RNA in willow leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora","authors":"Chongyu Liao, Miao Zhang, Jiang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01764-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01764-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>RNAi-based pesticides have emerged gradually in recent decades and are believed to be the next generation of pesticides. Although resistance to RNA pesticides has been developed and selected in the laboratory in western corn rootworm and Colorado potato beetle, whether RNAi resistance is a general phenomenon in other coleopteran insects and the underlying mechanism of resistance to RNA pesticides are still unclear. Here, we report the development of a highly dsRNA-resistant (> 4110-fold) population (Pv-30R) of <i>Plagiodera versicolora</i> after seven episodes of selection by feeding a laboratory-reared susceptible population (Pv-S) with the leaves of willow plants coated with dsRNA targeting a signal recognition particle protein 54 k (<i>Srp54k</i>) gene. We showed that Pv-30R was cross-resistant to other dsRNAs (ds<i>Actin</i> and ds<i>Snap</i>) but susceptible to the Cry3Bb protein from <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>, and the resistance was an autosomal and recessive trait. Although no significant differences of the dsRNA stability in the midgut of larvae between Pv-S and Pv-30R were observed, uptake of dsRNA in the midgut tissue of larvae from Pv-30R was disrupted. Overall, these results demonstrate that high levels of resistance to RNA pesticides can developed quickly in <i>P. versicolora</i> in laboratory condition as observed before for other coleopterans, and possibly sharing similar mechanisms of resistance to dsRNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140642515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pierre Royer, François Dumont, Caroline Provost, Eric Lucas
{"title":"May biocontrol agents artificially selected for their aggressiveness improve crop protection?","authors":"Pierre Royer, François Dumont, Caroline Provost, Eric Lucas","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01780-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01780-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In agroecosystems, the efficiency of biocontrol agents could be improved through the artificial selection of specific traits that would enhance their zoophagy level. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of artificially selected populations of the omnivorous predatory bug, <i>Nabis americoferus</i>, on the tarnished plant bug, <i>Lygus lineolaris</i>, in organic strawberry crops. Six populations of <i>N. americoferus</i> were selected according to their aggressiveness, three were composed of highly aggressive individuals, whereas the other lines contained docile individuals. The first hypothesis was that, since aggressive predators display a higher attack rate, aggressive lines would exhibit a higher pest control and a better crop protection than docile lines. The second hypothesis was that, when two biocontrol agents species are used conjointly, the presence of at least one docile population would generate a higher synergy between both species. <i>N. americoferus</i> populations were released in an experimental strawberry field, with or without a second intraguild predator, the Anthocorid, <i>Orius insidiosus</i>. Results support the first hypothesis that the aggressive lines generate a better pest control and a better strawberries crop protection than docile lines but only at low pest density. The second hypothesis is neither supported nor rejected since the combination of docile lines and <i>O. insidiosus</i> led to a better pest control at high pest density, but led to a reduced crop protection at low pest density. Our study shows that the artificial selection of aggressiveness has the potential to improve the effectiveness of biocontrol programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140633933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jéssica Teodoro-Paulo, Jacques A. Deere, João Valeriano-Santos, Steven Charlesworth, Alison B. Duncan, Merijn R. Kant, Juan M. Alba
{"title":"Rising temperatures favour defence-suppressing herbivores","authors":"Jéssica Teodoro-Paulo, Jacques A. Deere, João Valeriano-Santos, Steven Charlesworth, Alison B. Duncan, Merijn R. Kant, Juan M. Alba","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01781-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01781-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rising temperatures due to climate change are predicted to accelerate the life cycle of arthropod herbivores thereby exacerbating pest formation. Notorious pests like spider mites thrive in areas with high temperatures (32–35 °C), and it is predicted that the size and number of such areas will expand in the coming decades. Higher temperatures can directly accelerate population growth, but also indirectly affect them through changes in the plant's defensive mechanisms. Spider mites have been shown to adapt to plant defences, with natural selection favouring defence-suppressing traits. However, it is not known to what extent suppression is affected by rising temperatures and how this might tie into the rate of adaptation and pest damage. In this study, we investigated the effect of two temperatures (25 °C and 32 °C), on the spider mite–tomato interaction, predicting the influence of rising temperatures on favouring defence-adapted mites. We found that all mite strains caused more plant damage at 32 °C, but temperature did not affect the overall patterns of induction and suppression of defence genes. Although fecundity was higher for all strains at 32 °C, juvenile and adult survival was lower, especially for inducer mites. With these data, we parametrized population models for the two strains over three months, indicating that suppressor mites might displace inducers at the higher temperature, either when it is constant or in the form of heat waves. Our models predict that in areas with higher temperatures, defence-suppressing mites are favoured, which will accelerate and consequently spur pest formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"200 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transmission of Xylella fastidiosa subspecies multiplex from naturally infected to healthy Rhamnus alaternus by Philaenus spumarius and Neophilaenus campestris","authors":"Anita Nencioni, Elisabetta Gargani, Agostino Strangi, Domenico Rizzo, Immacolata Iovinella, Patrizia Sacchetti, Pio Federico Roversi, Ilaria Cutino","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01775-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01775-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Europe, the recently reported plant pathogen <i>Xylella fastidiosa</i> subsp. <i>multiplex</i> affects several wild, ornamental, and cultivated trees causing scorch diseases. In 2018, the sequence type 87 was reported in Tuscany on Mediterranean shrubs and trees. Although spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) were already identified as main vectors of this bacterium in Europe, their role in the transmission of this subspecies has not been ascertained yet. In this study the ability of <i>Philaenus spumarius</i> and <i>Neophilaenus campestris</i> to acquire and transmit <i>Xylella fastidiosa</i> subsp. <i>multiplex</i> sequence type 87 from and to <i>Rhamnus alaternus</i> was evaluated in two-year semi-field experiments. To acquire the bacterium, insects were confined on wild, naturally infected <i>R. alaternus</i> shrubs for 120 h. Then, they were transferred to healthy plants and maintained in cages for 96 h. To follow the infection, plant samples were collected every two months for three times. Tested plants were destroyed at the end of experiments and roots, twigs and leaves were analysed. <i>Philaenus spumarius</i> showed a significantly higher survival rate than <i>N. campestris</i>. The infection status of both insects and plants was assessed through molecular analysis. <i>P. spumarius</i> and <i>N. campestris</i> were able to infect healthy plants although the acquisition rate and the estimated probability of transmission appeared to be low. These findings provide new accounts on the role of two polyphagous insect vectors in spreading a quarantine organism, which is lethal to a huge number of plant species. However, further studies are needed to disclose more specific interactions within this complex pathosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140607898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long Yang, Minlong Li, Jie Liu, Juan Zeng, Yanhui Lu
{"title":"Long-term expansion of cereal crops promotes regional population increase of polyphagous Helicoverpa armigera","authors":"Long Yang, Minlong Li, Jie Liu, Juan Zeng, Yanhui Lu","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01778-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01778-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Changes in land use is an important driver of insect pest population dynamics, but the long-term effects of land use may be contingent on changes in some factors. To identify potential effects of change in cropping pattern on agricultural pest population trends, data from large temporal and spatial scales are needed but are rarely available. Here, we used long-term (15 years) pest monitoring data across a regional scale and across independent gradients of land-use intensity at the landscape level (61 agro-landscapes with a radius of 2.0 km), to investigate the effects of the expansion of area devoted to major cereal crops on population trends of polyphagous <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> in northern China. We found that an increased proportion of the land planted to maize and wheat in the landscape had an indirectly positive effect on the activity density of the summer population of <i>H. armigera</i> by increasing the population density of the preceding spring generations. Stable carbon isotope analysis suggested that maize acted as the source habitat for <i>H. armigera</i> population in the growing season. At the regional level, long-term expansion of maize and wheat production, as well as the contraction of cotton area, was associated with an increased density of <i>H. armigera</i> in spring generations across years, although temperature and precipitation factors also had significant effects on pest population sizes. These results across both temporal and spatial scales indicated that, in addition to Bt cotton contraction, increased cereal crops cultivation was an important driver of the <i>H. armigera</i> population increases in recent decades in northern China.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140557178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}