Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology最新文献_第3页

Comorbid neuropathologies but not Braak stage influence cognitive impairment in primary age-related tauopathy. 共病性神经病变而非Braak期影响原发性年龄相关性牛头病的认知障碍。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlag053

Shrishtee Kandoi, Satomi Hiya, Carolina Maldonado-Díaz, Susan K Rohde, Catarina Bernardes, Francisco C Almeida, Jorge Samanamud, Kevin Clare, Michael Christian Virata, Cheyanne C Slocum, Ema Mir, Charles L White, Elena V Daoud, Kurt Farrell, John F Crary, Tiago Gil Oliveira, Mitzi M Gonzales, Jamie M Walker, Timothy E Richardson

{"title":"Comorbid neuropathologies but not Braak stage influence cognitive impairment in primary age-related tauopathy.","authors":"Shrishtee Kandoi, Satomi Hiya, Carolina Maldonado-Díaz, Susan K Rohde, Catarina Bernardes, Francisco C Almeida, Jorge Samanamud, Kevin Clare, Michael Christian Virata, Cheyanne C Slocum, Ema Mir, Charles L White, Elena V Daoud, Kurt Farrell, John F Crary, Tiago Gil Oliveira, Mitzi M Gonzales, Jamie M Walker, Timothy E Richardson","doi":"10.1093/jnen/nlag053","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnen/nlag053","url":null,"abstract":"Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) is a β-amyloid-independent tauopathy, thought by some to be a distinct process from Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change (ADNC). Two categories of PART have been defined: definite PART (those with complete absence of β-amyloid deposition) and possible PART (those with minimal and restricted β-amyloid distribution). It is unclear whether there is any significant cognitive effect of \"isolated\" or \"pure\" PART, as opposed to ADNC, in which cognitive decline mirrors pathologic progression. We evaluated the effects of neurodegenerative pathologies on longitudinal cognitive decline using a combination of univariate analysis, multivariable logistic regression analysis, and variance decomposition in patient cohorts with neuropathologically confirmed definite PART (n = 174) and possible PART (n = 182). ADNC-related pathologies did not significantly contribute to cognitive impairment in either cohort. Cognitive decline in definite PART was instead dependent on the presence and severity of TDP-43 pathology/limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE) stage, Lewy body pathology, and arteriolosclerosis, while cognitive impairment in possible PART was primarily affected by hippocampal sclerosis and infarcts. Additionally, 67.8%-75.7% of variance in cognitive decline was unaccounted for by these neurodegenerative pathologies. These results indicate that PART pathology in isolation does not significantly impair cognition, which is instead primarily influenced by comorbid neuropathologic features.","PeriodicalId":16682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"951-962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13576073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148054836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Myxoid glioneuronal tumors can harbor unusual PDGFRA alterations. 黏液样胶质细胞肿瘤可伴有不寻常的PDGFRA改变。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaf156

Ilay Caliskan, Felipe D'Almeida Costa, Peter Jelsma, Ipsita Panda, Rawia Mohamed, Kenneth Aldape, Kanish Mirchia, Melike Pekmezci, Arie Perry

引用次数: 0

Vascular burden attenuates the TDP-43-TMEM106B pathological relationship in neurodegenerative disease with and without Alzheimer disease neuropathological change. 血管负荷减弱伴有和不伴有阿尔茨海默病神经病变的神经退行性疾病中TDP-43-TMEM106B的病理关系。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlag031

Matthew B Dopler, Cole Corbett, Angelique D Gonzalez, Ali Ghaseminejad-Bandpey, Mallory Keating, Kyra M Clarke, Oluwaseun B Ogunbona, Gladys Maestre, Sudha Seshadri, Shahroo Etemadmoghadam, Margaret E Flanagan

{"title":"Vascular burden attenuates the TDP-43-TMEM106B pathological relationship in neurodegenerative disease with and without Alzheimer disease neuropathological change.","authors":"Matthew B Dopler, Cole Corbett, Angelique D Gonzalez, Ali Ghaseminejad-Bandpey, Mallory Keating, Kyra M Clarke, Oluwaseun B Ogunbona, Gladys Maestre, Sudha Seshadri, Shahroo Etemadmoghadam, Margaret E Flanagan","doi":"10.1093/jnen/nlag031","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnen/nlag031","url":null,"abstract":"TMEM106B, a lysosomal transmembrane protein, is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease (ad) and TDP-43 proteinopathies. TMEM106B pathology occurs in normal aging and is increased in TDP-43 proteinopathy but its role in dementia remains unclear. Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is a driver and co-pathology of dementia, yet its contribution to TMEM106B accumulation in the context of TDP-43 and ad neuropathological changes (ADNC) has not been explored. We analyzed post-mortem human hippocampal sections spanning not-, low-, intermediate-, and high-ADNC. In secondary analyses, cases ≥65 years were stratified by TDP-43 immunopositivity and CVD severity; cases <65 years were included to contextualize age-associated effects. TMEM106B immunoreactivity was quantified using digital pathology. Linear regression models demonstrated that age and sex (higher in females) were independent predictors of TMEM106B immunopositivity whereas Braak stage, CERAD-NP score, and Thal phase were not. The positive TDP-43-TMEM106B association was attenuated with increased CVD pathology severity, suggesting that vascular burden modifies this relationship. Sensitivity analyses restricted to LATE-NC attenuated several associations, indicating that pooled TDP-43 findings should be interpreted cautiously given possible disease heterogeneity. TMEM106B immunoreactivity was most strongly associated with age and sex, while vascular burden, rather than ADNC level, modified its relationship with TDP-43 proteinopathy.","PeriodicalId":16682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"963-974"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13308514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147698769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial mapping, isolation, and culture of primary human microglia and astrocytes: A systematic review and framework for glial cell-based models. 人类小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的空间定位、分离和培养：基于胶质细胞模型的系统综述和框架。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlag025

Swatantra Kumar, Jahnavi Singh, Vimal K Maurya, Saniya Ansari, Chhitij Srivastava, Hardeep S Malhotra, Suresh Babu, Shailendra K Saxena

{"title":"Spatial mapping, isolation, and culture of primary human microglia and astrocytes: A systematic review and framework for glial cell-based models.","authors":"Swatantra Kumar, Jahnavi Singh, Vimal K Maurya, Saniya Ansari, Chhitij Srivastava, Hardeep S Malhotra, Suresh Babu, Shailendra K Saxena","doi":"10.1093/jnen/nlag025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnen/nlag025","url":null,"abstract":"Microglia and astrocytes are essential glial cells in the CNS that play key roles in brain development, homeostasis, and disease. While immortalized cell lines are convenient, they lack the physiological relevance of primary cells, highlighting the need for reliable human-based isolation protocols. This systematic review synthesizes 21 studies describing methods for isolating and culturing primary human microglia and astrocytes from adult surgical resections, postmortem tissues, and fetal brains. Using the Human Brain Cell Atlas v1.0 single-nuclei RNA-Seq dataset and voxel-wise mapping on the MNI152 template, we provide a spatial transcriptomic context for region-specific glial isolation. We critically assess tissue dissociation techniques, enrichment strategies, and culture conditions, including substrate coatings and growth factors. Additionally, we summarize phenotypic and functional assays used for characterization including surface marker expression, phagocytosis, and cytokine profiling. Despite variability across protocols, we propose an optimized, spatially informed workflow to reproducibly isolate viable, pure glial populations from human brain tissues. This approach supports New Approach Methodologies and the 3Rs-Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement by promoting ethical, human-relevant in vitro models. Our framework advances glial cell-based systems, improving the translational relevance of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disease research and aligns with multiple United Nations Sustainable Development Goals through responsible scientific practices.","PeriodicalId":16682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"927-950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unusual immunohistochemical profiles in hemangioblastomas and their relevance in differential diagnosis: A comprehensive study of 112 cases. 血管母细胞瘤的异常免疫组织化学特征及其与鉴别诊断的相关性：112例的综合研究。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlag012

Jiri Soukup, Marie Novakova, Jan Hojny, Marketa Trnkova, Martin Syrucek, Tomas Jirasek, Patricie Delongova, Ales Kohout, Tomas Vebr, Jan Sroubek, Alena Sejkorova, Radim Lipina, Radim Brabec, Tomas Cesak, David Netuka

{"title":"Unusual immunohistochemical profiles in hemangioblastomas and their relevance in differential diagnosis: A comprehensive study of 112 cases.","authors":"Jiri Soukup, Marie Novakova, Jan Hojny, Marketa Trnkova, Martin Syrucek, Tomas Jirasek, Patricie Delongova, Ales Kohout, Tomas Vebr, Jan Sroubek, Alena Sejkorova, Radim Lipina, Radim Brabec, Tomas Cesak, David Netuka","doi":"10.1093/jnen/nlag012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnen/nlag012","url":null,"abstract":"Hemangioblastomas (HB) are rare CNS neoplasms. Their main differential diagnosis includes meningioma, glioma, and metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma. However, the diagnostic immunoprofile of HBs is only imprecisely defined. We analyzed a multicentric cohort of HBs using tissue microarrays and whole sections to determine immunoreactivities of a range of selected meningothelial, glial and other markers used in diagnostic pathology. The clinical and pathological features were correlated. The cohort included 112 tumors from 104 patients (46.1% males, 53.9% females) with a mean age 50.1 years. The tumors occurred in cerebellum (72%), spine (18.9%) and medulla oblongata (5.4%). No HB expressed SSTR2A, MUC4 or STAT6. Expression of glial markers S100, GFAP, Olig2, and SOX10 was observed in 93.3%, 80.6%, 5.1%, and 8.1% of cases, respectively. Inhibin-α was positive in 84.5% and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) in 100% of the cases. Negative PAX8 immunostaining was observed using specific C-terminus antibody whereas N-terminus anti-PAX8 staining yielded 63.2% positivity. T-brachyury, SATB2, and GPNMB were observed in 3.8%, 2.1%, and 20.8%, respectively. No expression of SOX17, CDX2, Sall4, GATA3, or INSM1 was observed. Thus, HBs show a consistent PAX8-negative/CAIX-positive immunoprofile while they lack meningothelial markers and occasionally may express SOX10 and Olig2.","PeriodicalId":16682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"992-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147321851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor: Malignant transformation following radiation. 胚胎发育异常神经上皮肿瘤：放射后的恶性转化。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaf158

Yi Zhu, Cristiane M Ida, Jonathan D Schwartz, Cinthya J Zepeda-Mendoza, Maria Adelita Vizcaino Villalobos, Rachael Vaubel, Aditya Raghunathan, Kai J Miller, Timothy Kaufmann, Kenneth D Aldape, Caterina Giannini

引用次数: 0

Infection with Western equine encephalitis virus causes severe regional glial reactivity and neurodegeneration in the hippocampus with progressive accumulation of amyloid-β. 西部马脑炎病毒感染导致海马严重的区域胶质反应性和神经变性，伴有淀粉样蛋白-β的进行性积累。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlag097

Aidan M Briggs, Adam J Schuller, Megan R Hager, Omar A Yanouri, Savannah M Rocha, Collin M Bantle, Debotri Chatterjee, Richard J Smeyne, Ronald B Tjalkens

{"title":"Infection with Western equine encephalitis virus causes severe regional glial reactivity and neurodegeneration in the hippocampus with progressive accumulation of amyloid-β.","authors":"Aidan M Briggs, Adam J Schuller, Megan R Hager, Omar A Yanouri, Savannah M Rocha, Collin M Bantle, Debotri Chatterjee, Richard J Smeyne, Ronald B Tjalkens","doi":"10.1093/jnen/nlag097","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnen/nlag097","url":null,"abstract":"Encephalitic alphaviruses such as Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) result in significant morbidity through acute viremia and postencephalitic neurologic dysfunction. Viral neurotropism is linked to chronic glial-mediated neuroinflammation and increased risk for neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. We previously showed that sublethal WEEV infection induces nigrostriatal gliosis, neuronal loss, and Parkinsonian-like motor deficits in mice. However, the temporal progression of glial activation and neurodegeneration in brain regions relevant to dementia remains unclear. To address this, we performed a longitudinal assessment of hippocampal pathology following intranasal infection with McMillan WEEV. Brain tissue was collected at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postinfection and analyzed using high-content fluorescence imaging, deep learning-based image analysis, and population-level cellular phenotyping. We observed a marked increase in gliosis peaking at 1-week postinfection, coinciding with fibrotic, immune cell-dense lesions that inversely correlated with eosinophilic neuronal density. Automated skeletonization analysis revealed increased astrocyte reactivity and a predominantly bushy microglial morphology at this time point. Heat map densitometry further demonstrated progressive amyloid-β accumulation across all time points. Together, these findings define a dynamic sequence of glial activation, lesion formation, and protein aggregation underlying WEEV-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":16682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of quantitative digital and semiquantitative assessments of tau pathology in relation to regional in vivo tau PET. 局部体内tau PET病理定量数字和半定量评估的比较。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlag093

Cecilia Tremblay, Tove Freiburghaus, Daria Pawlik, Kevin Oliveira Hauer, Geidy E Serrano, Yashar Zeighami, Mahsa Dadar, Anthony J Intorcia, Rik Ossenkoppele, Michael J Pontecorvo, Oskar Hansson, Ruben Smith, Thomas G Beach

{"title":"Comparison of quantitative digital and semiquantitative assessments of tau pathology in relation to regional in vivo tau PET.","authors":"Cecilia Tremblay, Tove Freiburghaus, Daria Pawlik, Kevin Oliveira Hauer, Geidy E Serrano, Yashar Zeighami, Mahsa Dadar, Anthony J Intorcia, Rik Ossenkoppele, Michael J Pontecorvo, Oskar Hansson, Ruben Smith, Thomas G Beach","doi":"10.1093/jnen/nlag093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlag093","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative digital image analysis has emerged as a powerful tool for assessing neuropathological burden. Although previous studies have compared quantitative digital and semiquantitative pathology measures, their respective relationships with regionally corresponding in vivo tau PET measures remain poorly characterized. We compared quantitative digital pathology quantification and semiquantitative regional gradings of phosphorylated tau (ptau) immunohistochemical staining and assessed their correlations with regional in vivo [18F]flortaucipir standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) in 52 cases from the AVID A16 end-of-life study. Digital pathology quantification and semiquantitative gradings of ptau were strongly correlated across all 19 cortical and mesial temporal regions examined (Spearman's rho range: 0.6-0.9; all P < .0001). Both approaches showed similarly robust associations with regionally corresponding tau PET SUVRs. Direct comparison of matched correlation coefficients revealed stronger PET-pathology associations for the digital quantification in the left amygdala and the inferior parietal lobule. Overall, digital pathology quantification and semiquantitative assessments of ptau pathology yielded highly comparable results, both in the quantification of regional pathology burden and in their relationships with tau PET measures. These findings support the use of digital pathology quantification methods and suggest that semiquantitative pathology gradings remain a valid and informative approach for clinicopathological correlation studies.","PeriodicalId":16682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinicopathologic features of spinal arachnoiditis in patients with surgically treated syringomyelia: A retrospective study of 60 cases. 60例脊髓空洞术后脊髓蛛网膜炎的临床病理特征分析。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlag094

Joseph Y Choi, Shantelle A Graff, Hasita V Nalluri, Martha M Quezado, Pinar E Zerk, Dragan Maric, Dorian B McGavern, John D Heiss

{"title":"Clinicopathologic features of spinal arachnoiditis in patients with surgically treated syringomyelia: A retrospective study of 60 cases.","authors":"Joseph Y Choi, Shantelle A Graff, Hasita V Nalluri, Martha M Quezado, Pinar E Zerk, Dragan Maric, Dorian B McGavern, John D Heiss","doi":"10.1093/jnen/nlag094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlag094","url":null,"abstract":"Arachnoiditis develops from inflammatory processes in the intrathecal space and can cause syringomyelia, myelopathy, radiculopathy, and chronic pain. Understanding inflammatory and fibrotic mechanisms may identify therapeutic targets. We performed a retrospective study of 60 adults who had undergone surgery for arachnoiditis-associated syringomyelia. Clinical status was assessed preoperatively and at 3 to 4 months post-surgery. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was obtained preoperatively, 1-week post-operatively, and at 3 to 4 months. Operative arachnoid adhesion specimens underwent histopathologic review and immunofluorescence staining with quantitative assessment of fibrosis, inflammation, and human endogenous retrovirus group K (HERV-K) antigens. Lesions had mid-thoracic predominance and heterogeneous etiologies. Median CSF white cell counts were low preoperatively (1 cell/µL, range: 0 to 11 cells/µL). Tissue profiling supported a fibroblast-associated, scar-forming lesion (mean density of CRABP2 = 434 cells/mm2, ER-TR7 = 430 cells/mm2) with moderate collagen I deposition (8.1% of specimens), less adaptive immune signals (9 to 180 cells/mm2), and minimal HERV-K staining (1.1% of tissue). In arachnoiditis-associated syringomyelia, preoperative CSF had few white blood cells; 1-week postoperative CSF had RBC and WBC counts consistent with postoperative meningeal irritation. Chronic fibrosis characterized arachnoid tissue removed at surgery. Histology and immunohistochemical staining suggested that arachnoiditis manifested as a fibroproliferative, adhesive phenotype within the subarachnoid space.","PeriodicalId":16682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cushing disease caused by a TBX19/PIT1 co-expressing pituitary adenoma/pituitary neuroendocrine tumor. TBX19/PIT1共表达垂体腺瘤/垂体神经内分泌肿瘤所致的库欣病。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlag084

Christie G Turin, Angus M S Toland, Margaret E Wierman, Kevin O Lillehei, B K Kleinschmidt-DeMasters

引用次数: 0