Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to \"Monitoring Systemic Inflammatory Indices and Retinal Changes Over Time Following Initial Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/joph/9848609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/9848609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/joph/5542064.].</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9848609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13261368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond 20/20: How Laser Eye Surgery Boosts Quality of Life (SMILE vs. FS-LASIK).","authors":"Pieter Juanarta, Susanti Natalya Sirait, R Angga Kartiwa, Feti Karfiati, Rova Virgana, Budiman","doi":"10.1155/joph/7225757","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/7225757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Uncorrected refractive errors are the main cause of visual impairment globally and can be corrected with refractive surgeries, such as femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). The success rate of the procedure is determined by its efficacy, stability, predictability, and safety. Although these parameters are important, they should be accompanied by the patient's subjective report to assess the success of the surgery. Research has shown that SMILE patients have a better quality of life owing to lower rates of postoperative symptoms and dry eyes. This study aimed to compare improvement in patient quality of life after the SMILE and FS-LASIK procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an analytical observational study with a prospective design conducted at the PMN Cicendo Eye Hospital. Fifty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria: 33 and 24 patients underwent the FS-LASIK and SMILE procedures, respectively. Samples were collected using a purposive method at a LASIK center. Patients were asked to complete the NEI-RQL 42 questionnaire, and an IDRA ocular surface analyzer examination was carried out at the Aesthetic and Dry Eye Clinic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patient characteristics were dominated by male sex, secondary education levels, and students. Significant differences in characteristics were found with greater refractive error in the FS-LASIK group. A comparison of questionnaire score improvements revealed higher scores in the SMILE group, especially in terms of symptoms and average questionnaire scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a better improvement in quality of life in patients after the SMILE procedure than after the FS-LASIK procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7225757"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13244257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interocular Differences in Corneal Asphericity Are Associated with Stereopsis in Myopic Astigmatism Candidates for Laser Vision Correction.","authors":"Alireza Peyman, Mahsa Pourmahdi-Boroujeni, Pegah Noorshragh, Faezeh Fayaz, Mohsen Pourazizi, Emad Salimian","doi":"10.1155/joph/6398823","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/6398823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the relationship between stereoacuity and corneal topographic parameters in patients with compound myopic astigmatism who are candidates for laser vision correction (LVC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this analytical cross-sectional study, LVC candidates aged 18 years or older with compound myopic astigmatism and corrected distance visual acuity of 20/25 or better were enrolled. Stereoacuity was assessed using the stereo fly test, and corneal topography parameters were measured with Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam HR). The interocular differences in each topographic parameter were calculated. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate the associations between stereoacuity and interocular differences in topographic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (SD) age of participants was 29.84 (7.39) years, and the average stereoacuity was 45.52 (13.75) arc/sec (log-transformed stereoacuity: 1.65 (0.09)). A statistically significant correlation was found between interocular differences in corneal asphericity (Q value) and log-transformed stereoacuity (<i>r</i> = 0.27, <i>p</i> = 0.011). No significant associations were observed between stereoacuity and other corneal topographic parameters. Also, the interocular difference in corneal asphericity was the strongest predictor of stereoacuity (<i>β</i> = 0.315, 95% CI: [0.406, 1.820], <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified a significant relationship between interocular corneal asphericity difference and stereoacuity in patients with compound myopic astigmatism.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6398823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13238235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory Saturation (3T) for Pain Management During ROP Screening in Preterm Infants Born Between 32 to 36 Weeks of Gestational Age.","authors":"Yongli Ni, Xuejun Zhao, Jiamin Xu, Chaoqun Zhou","doi":"10.1155/joph/5427050","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/5427050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the 3T sensory saturation method-taste, auditory, and tactile stimulation-in reducing pain and enhancing comfort in preterm infants undergoing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening, compared with conventional pacifier use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 preterm infants (gestational age 32-36 weeks) were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned using computer-generated random numbers into a 3T group (<i>n</i> = 52) or control group (<i>n</i> = 48). The 3T group received oral glucose, maternal voice recording, and gentle massage before and during screening, while the control group received pacifiers. Pain and comfort were evaluated using the neonatal infant pain scale and preterm infant comfort scale, alongside measurements of heart rate and oxygen saturation. Outcome assessors were blinded to group allocation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infants in the 3T group showed significantly higher oxygen saturation and lower pain scores during screening compared with controls (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Comfort scale scores were also significantly better in the 3T group across multiple domains, including vigilance, calmness, respiratory status, physical activity, muscle tone, and mean heart rate. Multivariate linear regression identified pre-examination vigilance, physical activity, muscle tone, facial expression, and mean heart rate as significant predictors of comfort during screening. Firth penalized logistic regression confirmed these findings with clinically reasonable odds ratios. The predictive model demonstrated strong discrimination (AUC = 0.994).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 3T sensory saturation method is an effective, safe, and practical nonpharmacological intervention for reducing pain and improving comfort during ROP screening in preterm infants born between 32 and 36 weeks of gestational age. These findings may not be directly generalizable to extremely preterm infants (< 32 weeks), who represent a distinct and more vulnerable population commonly included in ROP screening programs in many countries. Its adoption in clinical practice could enhance procedural tolerance and overall care for this vulnerable population. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Chinese Registry of Clinical Trials: ChiCTR2500110779.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5427050"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13239429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Cleaning Device as a Treatment Is Effective for Blepharitis and Significantly Reduces Bacterial Load.","authors":"Ya Wen, Jiayu Bao, Ao Li, Yubo Wu, Yang Zhang, Lei Tian, Ying Jie","doi":"10.1155/joph/1518139","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/1518139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Deep Cleaning Device for the treatment of blepharitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, randomized controlled trial enrolled 51 adult patients with blepharitis, who were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. Group A (<i>n</i> = 26) received a combined therapy of sodium hyaluronate eye drops plus weekly device-assisted eyelid margin cleaning, while Group B (<i>n</i> = 25) received sodium hyaluronate eye drops as monotherapy. The primary efficacy indices included subjective symptoms, bacterial load of eyelid margin, and eyelid margin scale and hyperemia grading. Secondary efficacy indices covered meibomian gland expressibility, meibum quality, tear film stability, corneal fluorescein staining score, tear meniscus height, and lipid layer thickness. Safety indicators include best-corrected visual acuity, noninvasive intraocular pressure, and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group A exhibited significant improvements in reducing bacterial load and alleviating subjective symptoms compared to Group B. Objective signs, including eyelid margin scale grading and meibum quality score, also showed marked improvement. Safety assessments confirmed no significant changes in best-corrected visual acuity or intraocular pressure. No patient reported serious adverse reactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Deep Cleaning Device is a safe and effective treatment for blepharitis, significantly reducing bacterial load and alleviating clinical symptoms. It represents a valuable addition to conventional therapies. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200057855.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1518139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13239489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Year Visual Quality Evaluation in Children Using Orthokeratology Lenses: A Retrospective Study With OPD-Scan III Measurements.","authors":"Shang Li, Yihan Guo, Lei Tian, Qianru Wu, Ao Li, Ying Jie","doi":"10.1155/joph/6682142","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/6682142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate long-term visual quality outcomes, refractive changes, and safety during orthokeratology lens wear in children with myopia over a 3-year period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 130 myopic children aged 8-18 years who wore corneal refractive therapy (CRT) lenses from February 2021 to November 2024. Participants underwent comprehensive ocular examinations, including assessments of visual acuity, refractive error, axial length, corneal thickness, and visual quality parameters at baseline, 1.5 years, and 3 years. Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA, and post hoc comparisons were conducted using the Bonferroni test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the three-year period, there was a slight increase in myopic refractive error and axial length (spherical equivalent: from -1.36 ± 1.17D to -1.69 ± 1.24D; cylindrical power: from -0.70 ± 0.83D to -1.18 ± 0.99D; axial length: from 24.62 ± 0.83 to 25.08 ± 0.85 mm). Overall ocular visual quality improved significantly, with increases in Strehl ratio and modulation transfer function (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while root mean square (RMS) of total ocular aberrations decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.001). After 1.5 years of wear, the corneal high-order aberration (HOA) RMS, corneal spherical aberration (SA) RMS, corneal coma RMS, and corneal tilt RMS all significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.0167), while corneal HOAs in the 5-mm optical zone were generally greater than those in the 3-mm optical zone (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Total intraocular aberration RMS decreased significantly in both zones (<i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in corneal endothelial cell density, and no cases of microbial keratitis or other vision-threatening complications occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term CRT lens wear was associated with improved overall and intraocular visual quality, despite increased corneal HOA, with better optical performance in the 3-mm zone. The observed axial elongation and refractive changes over 3 years were broadly consistent with previously reported orthokeratology outcomes. CRT lenses also demonstrated a favorable safety profile in this cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6682142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13240442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of 25-Gauge Needle-Assisted Phacoemulsification of Dislocated Intravitreal Lens Nucleus.","authors":"Qing Feng, Yuan Li, Yalin Jiang, Xincheng Sun","doi":"10.1155/joph/8429779","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/8429779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Purpose: To present and evaluate the effect of a novel technique, 25-gauge (G) needle-assisted phacoemulsification, to remove dislocated intravitreal lens nuclei.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Methods: Nine eyes of nine patients with dislocated intravitreal lens nuclei who underwent 23-G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and 25-G needle-assisted phacoemulsification between July 2022 and September 2024 were included in this study. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and corneal endothelial cell count (CECC) were statistically analysed both preoperatively and postoperatively. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were evaluated. A minimum follow-up of 6 months was completed for all eyes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: All nine eyes of nine patients were successfully treated with 23-G PPV and 25-G needle-assisted phacoemulsification and postoperatively followed up for 6-13 months. BCVA improved significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in all patients, and postoperative IOP was 16.0 ± 1.73 mmHg, remaining stable within the normal range. Although statistical differences were observed between preoperative and final follow-up, the loss rate of CECC was within a tolerable range. No intraoperative and postoperative complications, such as iatrogenic retinal tears or vitreous haemorrhage, were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusion: The 25-G needle-assisted phacoemulsification is a safe and efficient alternative for removing dislocated intravitreal lens nuclei. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06709378.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8429779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13213712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148054802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Microbial Contamination of Multidose Brimonidine: A Prospective Comparison of Benzalkonium Chloride and Purite® Preservatives.","authors":"Serap Karaca, Omer Faruk Yilmaz, Abdurrahman Sarmis, Muhammed Ali Mutlu, Zahide Busra Sahin, Sabire Pelin Kaya, Halit Oguz","doi":"10.1155/joph/2867565","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/2867565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare microbial contamination between multidose brimonidine eye drops preserved with benzalkonium chloride (BAK-MDB) and multidose brimonidine eye drops preserved with Purite® (PUR-MDB) using a comparative approach on the same patient under real-life conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective study, 40 glaucoma patients used BAK-MDB and PUR-MDB for three weeks each. From each bottle, the cap and first and second drops were cultured on sheep blood and chocolate agar. Paired comparisons were performed using the exact McNemar test. Associations between patient-related factors and contamination were evaluated using Fisher's exact test and exploratory Firth-penalized logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The contamination rates on the caps were similar between PUR-MDB and BAK-MDB on sheep blood agar (12.5% vs. 12.5%) and chocolate agar (10% vs. 12.5%) (exact McNemar test, all <i>p</i> > 0.05). The contamination rates of the first and second drops were lower than that of the cap, and no statistically significant difference was found between the drops (exact McNemar test, all <i>p</i> > 0.05). In univariate analysis, no difference was observed between contamination and patient-related factors (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). In exploratory multivariate analysis, a higher education level was independently associated with a significant reduction in contamination risk (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.001-0.84; <i>p</i> = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our study, no statistically significant difference was observed between BAK-MDB and PUR-MDB in terms of microbial contamination in caps, first and second drops. The exploratory association between education level and contamination risk will need to be confirmed in larger, adequately powered prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2867565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13200278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148031821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Scleral Lens Treatment in Ocular Surface Diseases: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Yirui Zhu, Jiangxiong Cai, Li Su, Jilian Dong, Jie Zhou, Haohan Zheng, Yujie Mou, Xiuming Jin","doi":"10.1155/joph/1921583","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/1921583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and patient-reported outcomes of scleral lens wear across different ocular surface diseases, providing evidence for individualized fitting and management strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with keratoconus, ocular surface trauma, postkeratoplasty, and dry eye were fitted with scleral lenses using OCT-guided customization. All participants underwent baseline examinations before and after lens wear, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) assessment. Patient-reported outcomes, including quality of life, comfort, visual clarity, handling, cleanliness, and satisfaction, were collected via a standardized questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BCVA improved significantly in all groups after scleral lens wear, with the postkeratoplasty group showing the least improvement. OSDI scores decreased significantly across the groups. CCT increased after lens wear, indicating mild corneal thickening. The postkeratoplasty group exhibited significantly greater tear reservoir thickness at the superior and superonasal locations compared to the keratoconus and dry eye disease groups. Subjective ratings of handling, cleanliness, and satisfaction revealed no significant differences across the four groups. However, the trauma group reported less improvement in quality of life, and the postkeratoplasty group experienced lower comfort levels compared to the keratoconus group. Overall, 51.3% of patients reported experiencing midday fogging.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Scleral lenses offer effective visual rehabilitation and symptom relief across diverse ocular surface diseases, with consistently high levels of patient-reported satisfaction. Future research should focus on individualized fitting strategies, address challenges such as midday fogging, and evaluate long-term safety and efficacy to guide wider clinical applications. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06555367.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1921583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148016151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absence of Association Between Glaucoma and Stroke Risk: Insights From a Cross-Sectional Study and a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Yanan He, Qingke Shi, Dandan Chang, Yanshan Hu, Yulong Ma, Likai Shi, Hang Guo","doi":"10.1155/joph/5492641","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/5492641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Observational studies have reported an association between glaucoma and stroke risk; however, whether this relationship reflects causality remains unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the association between glaucoma and stroke by integrating population-based cross-sectional analysis with Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess both observational and genetic evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008 cycles. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between glaucoma and stroke after adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and cardiovascular risk factors. In parallel, a two-sample MR analysis was performed using summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies, evaluating overall glaucoma as well as primary open-angle and neovascular glaucoma in relation to stroke and ischemic stroke subtypes. Causal estimates were primarily derived using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, with multiple sensitivity analyses to assess robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the NHANES analysis (<i>n</i> = 1312), glaucoma was not significantly associated with stroke in crude or fully adjusted models. In MR analyses, genetically predicted glaucoma showed no evidence of a causal association with stroke or ischemic stroke subtypes, including large artery atherosclerotic, cardioembolic, and small vessel stroke. These null findings were consistent across MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode methods. Sensitivity analyses accounting for heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and outlier instruments did not materially alter the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using complementary observational and genetic approaches, this study found no evidence supporting a causal relationship between glaucoma and stroke, providing new insights into their genetic epidemiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5492641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13191766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148016132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}